Quartz简介及应用场景

1. Quartz介绍

   任务调度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony开源组织在Job scheduling领域又一个开源项目,是完全由java开发的一个开源的任务日程管理系统,

   “任务进度管理器”就是一个在预先确定(被纳入日程)的时间到达时,负责执行(或者通知)其他软件组件的系统。

   

   简单来说就是实现“计划(或定时)任务”的系统,例如:订单下单后未付款,15分钟后自动撤消订单,并自动解锁锁定的商品

 

2. Quartz的触发器

   触发器用来告诉调度程序作业什么时候触发。框架提供了5种触发器类型,但两个最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。

 

   五种类型的Trigger(定时器)

   SimpleTrigger,CronTirgger,DateIntervalTrigger,NthIncludedDayTrigger和Calendar类( org.quartz.Calendar)。

 

   场景:

   SimpleTrigger:执行N次,重复N次

   CronTrigger:几秒 几分 几时 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年,执行

 

3. 存储方式

   RAMJobStore(内存作业存储类型)和JDBCJobStore(数据库作业存储类型),两种方式对比如下:

  

                优点                                    缺点

   RAMJobStore  不要外部数据库,配置容易,运行速度快    因为调度程序信息是存储在被分配给JVM的内存里面,

                                                        所以,当应用程序停止运行时,所有调度信息将被丢失。

                                                        另外因为存储到JVM内存里面,所以可以存储多少个Job和Trigger将会受到限制

 

   JDBCJobStor  支持集群,因为所有的任务信息都会保存    运行速度的快慢取决与连接数据库的快慢

                到数据库中,可以控制事物,还有就是如

                果应用服务器关闭或者重启,任务信息都

                不会丢失,并且可以恢复因服务器关闭或

                者重启而导致执行失败的任务   

 

图解quartz工作流程

quartz相关表达式

在线生成表达式网址:http://cron.qqe2.com/

 

所需pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
      <dependency>
           <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
           <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
           <version>2.2.1</version>
      </dependency>

Quartz简单触发器 SimpleTrigger介绍

每次执行 * 长时间,每次间隔 * 长时间

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.demo;

import com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;


/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:09
 *
 */
public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
        SchedulerFactory schemaFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = schemaFactory.getScheduler();
//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail =newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job")
                .build();

        Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //                重复3次间隔6秒
                .withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
                //                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("name1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a trigger")
                .build();
        //       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

 

重复3次间隔6秒


 

Quartz表达式触发器CronTirgger介绍

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.demo;

import com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;


/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:09
 *
 */
public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
        SchedulerFactory schemaFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = schemaFactory.getScheduler();
//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail =newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job")
                .build();

        Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //       定点16:30执行
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 30 16 * * ?"))
                //                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("name1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a trigger")
                .build();
        //       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}
定点16:30执行

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.demo;

import com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;


/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:09
 *
 */
public class Demo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
        SchedulerFactory schemaFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = schemaFactory.getScheduler();
//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail =newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job")
                .build();

        Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //每3秒执行一次
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
                //                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("name1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a trigger")
                .build();
        //       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}
每3秒执行一次

Quartz中参数传递

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.demo;

import com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;


/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:09
 *
 */
public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
        SchedulerFactory schemaFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = schemaFactory.getScheduler();
//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail =newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job")
                .usingJobData("name","zs")
                .build();

        JobDataMap jobDataMap= jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
        jobDataMap.put("job","司机");
        jobDataMap.put("level","");


        Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //每3秒执行一次
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
                //                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("name1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a trigger")
                .build();
        //       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Ramjob

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:06
 */
public class Ramjob implements Job {
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" :
quartz定时任务启动......
"); } }

 

Spring task Vs Quartz

Spring task

优点:无需整合spring,作业类中就可以调用业务service

缺点:单线程;不能做数据存储型的定时任务

 

Quartz

优点:多线程;可以做数据存储型的定时任务,维护性高;

缺点:需要整合spring,不能直接调用业务层service;

 

线程论证代码

Spring task

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.task;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:43
 */

@Service
public class SprnigTask {

    @Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ?")
    public void xxx(){
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 这是一个spring task...");

        try {
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);
            System.out.println("我在处理大数据的耗时操作");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Quartz01Application

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@EnableScheduling
@SpringBootApplication
public class Quartz01Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Quartz01Application.class, args);
    }

}

结果是spring task中的定时任务变成了25s执行一次

Quartz代码

Demo04

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.demo;

import com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job.Ramjob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;


/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:09
 *
 */
public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
        SchedulerFactory schemaFactory=new StdSchedulerFactory();
//        调度器创建
        Scheduler scheduler = schemaFactory.getScheduler();
//        具体定时任务需要执行的代码
        JobDetail jobDetail =newJob(Ramjob.class)
                .withIdentity("job1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a job")
                .usingJobData("name","zs")
                .build();

        JobDataMap jobDataMap= jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
        jobDataMap.put("job","司机");
        jobDataMap.put("level","");


        Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                //每3秒执行一次
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?"))
                //                触发器标识
                .withIdentity("name1","group1")
                .withDescription("this is a trigger")
                .build();
        //       调度工厂绑定作业类及触发器
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
        scheduler.start();
    }
}

Ramjob

package com.liuwenwu.quartz01.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author LWW
 * @site www.lww.com
 * @company
 * @create 2019-11-14 16:06
 */
public class Ramjob implements Job {
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.err.println(format.format(new Date())+" : 基于RAM的quartz调度框架定时任务...");

        try {
            Thread.sleep(10*1000);
            System.out.println("模拟正在处理大数据....");
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

结果:不管前一个定时任务的线程是否结束,都会开启下一个线程,依然每10s执行一次;

 

 

posted on 2019-11-15 16:26  骑猪南下L  阅读(117)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报