SpringMVC学习一
看视频做笔记第一天
1.环境搭配：MyEclipse10.7，tomcat9.0 jdk1.6
2.目录结构：
3.运行效果：
页面代码：
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<!--
配置org.springframework.web.filer.HiddenHttpMethodFilter:可以把POST请求转为DELETE或POST请求
-->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<!-- 过滤所有请求 -->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet的一个初始化参数:配置SpringMvc 配置文件的位置和名称-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 也可以不通过contextConfigLocation 来配置SpringMvc的配置文件，而使用默认的
默认的配置文件为：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
/WEB-INF/springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml
-->
<!-- 设置启动 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<!-- 请求处理 -->
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<!-- /:应答所有请求 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置自定义扫描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="como.springmvc.handlers"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器：如何把handler方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
HelloWorld.java
package como.springmvc.handlers; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; @Controller public class HelloWorld { /*1.使用@RequestMapping 注解来映射请求的URL，与index.jsp中的请求一致 2.返回值会通过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图，对于InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器 会做如下解析: 通过prefix + returnVal +后缀 这样的方式得到实际的物理视图，然后做转发操作 /WEB-INF/views/+success+.jsp */ @RequestMapping("/helloworld") public String hello(){ System.out.println("hello world"); return "success"; } }
SpringMvcTest.java
package como.springmvc.handlers; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; @RequestMapping("/springmvc")//类定义处标记的@RequestMapping限定了处理器类可以处理所有URL为/springmvc的请求 //它对于WEB容器部署的根路径 @Controller//请求处理器 public class SpringMvcTest { private static final String SUCCESS="success"; /* * Rest风格的URL * 以CURD为例 * 新增：/order POST * 修改：/order/1 PUT * 获取：/order/1 GET * 删除：/order/1 DELETE * * 如何发送PUT和DELETE请求： * 1.配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter * 2.发送POST请求 * 3.在发送POST请求时请求携带一个name="_method"的隐藏域，值为DELETE或PUT（见index.jsp） * * * * */ @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET) public String testRest(@PathVariable Integer id){ System.out.println("testRequest GET:"+id); return SUCCESS; } //post请求没有参数，新增 @RequestMapping(value="/testRest",method=RequestMethod.POST) public String testRest(){ System.out.println("testRequest POST"); return SUCCESS; } @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE) public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id){ System.out.println("testRequest DELETE:"+id); return SUCCESS; } @RequestMapping(value="/testRest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT) public String testRestPUT(@PathVariable Integer id){ System.out.println("testRequest PUT:"+id); return SUCCESS; } /*在SpringMvc的目标方法中如何得到id 使用@PathVariable注解 @PathVariable("id")将jsp页面id映射过来 */ @RequestMapping("/testPathVariable/{id}") public String testPathVariable(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){ System.out.println("testPathVariable:"+id); return SUCCESS; } //Ant风格支持三种匹配符，？，*，** @RequestMapping("/testAntPath/*/abc") public String testAntPath(){ System.out.println("testAnt"); return SUCCESS; } //@RequestMapping 请求头和请求参数 @RequestMapping(value="/testParamsAndHeaders", params={"username","age!=10"} //,headers={"Accept-langeage=zh-CN;q=0.8"} ) public String testParamsAndHeaders(){ System.out.println(); return SUCCESS; } //常用：使用method属性指定请求方式 @RequestMapping(value="/testMethod",method=RequestMethod.POST) public String testMethod(){ System.out.println("testMethod"); return SUCCESS; } /* * @RequestMapping 除了修饰方法还可以修饰类 * * */ @RequestMapping("/testRequestMapping")//修饰类，处理器类可以定义多个处理方法，处理来自/springmvc下的请求 public String testRequestMapping(){ System.out.println("testRequestMapping"); return SUCCESS; } }
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title> </head> <body> success page. <br> </body> </html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<form action="springmvc/testMethod" method="POST">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
-------------------------------------------------------
<form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
<!-- name里的Method加下划线 -->
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT" />
<input type="submit" value="TestRest PUT">
</form>
<br>
<form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE" />
<input type="submit" value="TestRest DELETE">
</form>
<br>
<form action="springmvc/testRest" method="POST">
<input type="submit" value="TestRest POST">
</form>
<br>
<a href="springmvc/testRest/1">test Rest Get</a>
<br>
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<br>
<a href="springmvc/testPathVariable/1">test PathVariable</a>
<br>
<a href="springmvc/testAntPath/mzz/abc">test AntPath</a>
<br>
<a href="springmvc/testRequestMapping">test Request Mapping</a>
<a href="helloworld">hello world</a>
<br>
<!-- age=10会出现404错误 找不到映射-->
<a href="springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=lili&age=10">ParamsAnd Headers</a>
<br>
<a href="springmvc/testParamsAndHeaders?username=lili&age=14">ParamsAnd Headers</a>
</body>
</html>
前几天看了一点Spring，现在开始接触SpringMvc，学的有点急，过程还不是很懂，慢慢来吧。。。。。。
在写REST的时候报了一个错误：HTTP Status 405 - JSPs only permit GET POS
看贴吧的解决方法用了第三种
第一：tomcat换到7.0以及以下版本
第二：请求先转给一个Controller,再返回jsp页面
第三种：在你的success页面头部文件将
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%>
多加一句话：isErrorPage设置为true，默认为false
