9-Gin路由高级

一 路由分组

routes group是为了管理一些相同的URL

https://gin-gonic.com/zh-cn/docs/examples/grouping-routes/

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

// gin的helloWorld

func main() {
   // 1.创建路由
   r := gin.Default()
   // 路由组1 ，处理GET请求
   v1 := r.Group("/v1")
   // {} 是书写规范,不写也可以
   {
      v1.GET("/login", login)
      v1.GET("submit", submit) //   /不写也可以
   } 
   v2 := r.Group("/v2")

   v2.POST("/login", login)
   v2.POST("/submit", submit)

   r.Run(":8000")
}

func login(c *gin.Context) {
   name := c.DefaultQuery("name", "lqz")
   c.String(200, fmt.Sprintf("hello %s\n", name))
}

func submit(c *gin.Context) {
   name := c.DefaultQuery("name", "pyy")
   c.String(200, fmt.Sprintf("hello %s\n", name))
}

测试

get请求：127.0.0.1:8000/v1/login
post请求：127.0.0.1:8000/v1/submit

get请求：127.0.0.1:8000/v2/login
post请求：127.0.0.1:8000/v2/submit

二 路由拆分与注册

2.1 基本路由注册

适用于路由比较少的简单项目

package main

import (
   "net/http"

   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func helloHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "message": "Hello world!",
   })
}

func main() {
   r := gin.Default()
   r.GET("/hello", helloHandler)
   r.Run()
}

2.2 路由拆分成单独文件或包

当项目的规模增大后就不太适合继续在项目的main.go文件中去实现路由注册相关逻辑了，我们会倾向于把路由部分的代码都拆分出来，形成一个单独的文件或包

2.2.1 拆分到单独文件中(不使用分组)

目录结构

routers.go

package main
import (
   "net/http"
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func helloHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "msg": "www.liuqingzheng.top",
   })
}
func testHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "status":100,
      "msg": "hello world",
   })
}

func initRouter() *gin.Engine {
   r := gin.Default()
   r.GET("/hello", helloHandler)
   r.GET("/test", testHandler)
   return r
}

main.go

package main

func main() {
   r := initRouter()
   r.Run()
}

//访问
//http://127.0.0.1:8080/test
http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello

2.2.2 拆分到包中

目录结构

routers/routers.go

routers/routers.go需要注意此时initRouter需要改成首字母大写：

package routers
import (
   "net/http"

   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func helloHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "msg": "www.liuqingzheng.top",
   })
}
func testHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "status":100,
      "msg": "hello world",
   })
}

func InitRouter() *gin.Engine {
   r := gin.Default()
   r.GET("/hello", helloHandler)
   r.GET("/test", testHandler)
   return r
}

main.go

package main

import "gin_test/routers"

func main() {
   r := routers.InitRouter()
   r.Run()
}

2.3 路由拆分成多个文件

单独的一个routers文件或包已经满足不了我们的需求了

目录结构

routers/goods.go

package routers

import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
)

func LoadGoodsRouters(r *gin.Engine)  {
   good := r.Group("/good")
  {
   good.GET("/", goodHandler)
   good.GET("/goodlist", goodlistHandler)
   good.GET("/updategood", updategoodHandler)
  }
}
func goodHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "msg": "www.liuqingzheng.top",
   })
}

func goodlistHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "goodlistHandler")
}
func updategoodHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "updategoodHandler")
}

routers/order.go

package routers

import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
)

func LoadOrderRouters(r *gin.Engine)  {
   order := r.Group("/order")
  {
 	 order.GET("/", orderHandler)
   order.GET("/orderlist", orderlistHandler)
   order.GET("/updateorder", updateorderHandler)
  }
}
func orderHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "msg": "www.liuqingzheng.top",
   })
}

func orderlistHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "orderlistHandler")
}
func updateorderHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "updateorderHandler")
}

routers/user.go

package routers

import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
)

func LoadUserRouters(r *gin.Engine)  {
   user := r.Group("/user")
  {
   user.GET("/", userHandler)
   user.GET("/userlist", userlistHandler)
   user.GET("/updateuser", updateuserHandler)
  }
}
func userHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
      "msg": "www.liuqingzheng.top",
   })
}

func userlistHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "userlistHandler")
}
func updateuserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "updateuserHandler")
}

main.go

package main

import (
   "gin_test/routers"
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
   r := gin.Default()
   routers.LoadGoodsRouters(r)
   routers.LoadOrderRouters(r)
   routers.LoadUserRouters(r)
   r.Run()
}

2.4 路由拆分到不同的APP

有时候项目规模实在太大，那么我们就更倾向于把业务拆分的更详细一些，例如把不同的业务代码拆分成不同的APP。

因此我们在项目目录下单独定义一个app目录，用来存放我们不同业务线的代码文件，这样就很容易进行横向扩展。大致目录结构如下：

app01/shop/handler.go

package shop


import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
)

func shopHandler(c *gin.Context)  {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "shopHandler")
}

func shopInfoHandler(c *gin.Context)  {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "shopInfoHandler")
}

app01/shop/router.go

package shop

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func Routers(e *gin.Engine) {
   e.GET("/shop", shopHandler)
   e.GET("/shopinfo", shopInfoHandler)
}

app01/user/handler.go

package user

import (
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
   "net/http"
)

func userHandler(c *gin.Context)  {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "userHandler")
}

func userInfoHandler(c *gin.Context)  {
   c.String(http.StatusOK, "userInfoHandler")
}

app01/user/router.go

package user


import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func Routers(e *gin.Engine) {
   e.GET("/user", userHandler)
   e.GET("/userinfo", userInfoHandler)
}

routers/routers.go

package routers

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

type Option func(engine *gin.Engine)
var options=[]Option{}
//注册app的路由配置
func Include(opts ...Option)  {
   options=append(options,opts...)
}
//初始化
func  Init()*gin.Engine  {
   r:=gin.New()
   for _,opt:=range options{
      opt(r)
   }
   return r
}

main.go

package main

import (
   "gin_test/app01/shop"
   "gin_test/app01/user"
   "gin_test/routers"
)

func main() {
   routers.Include(shop.Routers,user.Routers)
   r:=routers.Init()
   r.Run()
}