knockout+MVC+webapi+sqlserver完成增删查改
快过年了，公司的事情较少，想着开始学习点新东西。这段时间一个项目用到了mvc和webapi，然后一直对knockout比较感兴趣，就想着用这个框架做一个小实例。数据库采用的是sqlserver。话不多说，开始进行项目的步骤。
第一步：数据库的表创建。创建一个Employees员工表，具体字段见下图：
第二步：创建一个MVC项目，项目模板选择webapi。
第三步：在Model文件夹下新建一个ado.net实体数据模型，选择我们刚刚创建的employees的表，生成实体数据模型。
第四步：在controller文件夹下新建一个控制器，注意是包含读写操作和视图的API控制器，如下图
查看生成的代码如下
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Data; 4 using System.Data.Entity; 5 using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Net; 8 using System.Net.Http; 9 using System.Web; 10 using System.Web.Http; 11 using DemoWebApi.Models; 12 13 namespace DemoWebApi.Controllers 14 { 15 public class EmployeeWebApiController : ApiController 16 { 17 private DemoDBEntities1 db = new DemoDBEntities1(); 18 19 // GET api/EmployeeWebApi 20 public IEnumerable<Employees> GetEmployees() 21 { 22 return db.Employees.AsEnumerable(); 23 } 24 25 // GET api/EmployeeWebApi/5 26 public Employees GetEmployees(int id) 27 { 28 Employees employees = db.Employees.Find(id); 29 if (employees == null) 30 { 31 throw new HttpResponseException(Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)); 32 } 33 34 return employees; 35 } 36 37 // PUT api/EmployeeWebApi/5 38 public HttpResponseMessage PutEmployees(int id, Employees employees) 39 { 40 if (!ModelState.IsValid) 41 { 42 return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState); 43 } 44 45 if (id != employees.EmployeeID) 46 { 47 return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); 48 } 49 50 db.Entry(employees).State = EntityState.Modified; 51 52 try 53 { 54 db.SaveChanges(); 55 } 56 catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException ex) 57 { 58 return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, ex); 59 } 60 61 return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK); 62 } 63 64 // POST api/EmployeeWebApi 65 public HttpResponseMessage PostEmployees(Employees employees) 66 { 67 if (ModelState.IsValid) 68 { 69 db.Employees.Add(employees); 70 db.SaveChanges(); 71 72 HttpResponseMessage response = Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Created, employees); 73 response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Url.Link("DefaultApi", new { id = employees.EmployeeID })); 74 return response; 75 } 76 else 77 { 78 return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState); 79 } 80 } 81 82 // DELETE api/EmployeeWebApi/5 83 public HttpResponseMessage DeleteEmployees(int id) 84 { 85 Employees employees = db.Employees.Find(id); 86 if (employees == null) 87 { 88 return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); 89 } 90 91 db.Employees.Remove(employees); 92 93 try 94 { 95 db.SaveChanges(); 96 } 97 catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException ex) 98 { 99 return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, ex); 100 } 101 102 return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, employees); 103 } 104 105 protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) 106 { 107 db.Dispose(); 108 base.Dispose(disposing); 109 } 110 } 111 }
里面有完整的对于实体类中表employee的增删查改操作。
第五步：创建一个空mvc的控制器，命名为EmployeeController，代码如下：
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Web; 5 using System.Web.Mvc; 6 using DemoWebApi.Models; 7 8 namespace DemoWebApi.Controllers 9 { 10 public class EmployeeController : Controller 11 { 12 // 13 // GET: /Employee/ 14 private DemoDBEntities1 db = new DemoDBEntities1(); 15 public ActionResult Create() 16 { 17 ViewBag.MaxBh = GetMaxBh(); 18 return View("Create"); 19 } 20 21 public int GetMaxBh() 22 { 23 var query = (from d in db.Employees select d.EmployeeID).Max(); 24 return query + 1; 25 } 26 } 27 }
第六步：创建视图。代码如下：
1 @{ 2 ViewBag.Title = "Create"; 3 } 4 5 @section scripts{ 6 <script src="~/Scripts/knockout.mapping-latest.js"></script> 7 <script src="~/Scripts/knockout-2.2.0.js"></script> 8 <script type="text/javascript"> 9 var maxbh = '@ViewBag.MaxBh'; 10 var EmpViewModel = function () { 11 var self = this; 12 self.EmployeeID = ko.observable(maxbh); 13 self.EmployeeName = ko.observable(""); 14 self.Salary = ko.observable(""); 15 self.DeptName = ko.observable(""); 16 self.Address = ko.observable(""); 17 var EmpData = { 18 EmployeeID: self.EmployeeID, 19 EmployeeName: self.EmployeeName, 20 Salary: self.Salary, 21 DeptName: self.DeptName, 22 Address: self.Address 23 }; 24 25 //生成一个ObservableArray来存储返回的所有数据 26 self.Employees = ko.observableArray([]); 27 GetEmployees(); //通过ajax请求返回所有数据 28 //保存数据 29 self.save = function () { 30 //Ajax 提交到webapi保存数据 31 $.ajax({ 32 type: "POST", 33 url: "/api/EmployeeApi", 34 data: ko.toJSON(EmpData), 35 contentType: "application/json", 36 success: function (data) { 37 alert("记录保存成功"); 38 self.EmployeeID(data.EmployeeID); 39 window.location.reload(); 40 GetEmployees(); 41 }, 42 error: function () { 43 alert("提交失败"); 44 } 45 }); 46 }; 47 48 self.update = function () { 49 var url = "/api/EmployeeApi/" + self.EmployeeID(); 50 $.ajax({ 51 type: "PUT", 52 url: url, 53 data: ko.toJSON(EmpData), 54 contentType: "application/json", 55 success: function (data) { 56 alert("修改成功"); 57 GetEmployees(); 58 }, 59 error: function (error) { 60 alert(error.status + "<!----!>" + error.statusText); 61 } 62 }); 63 }; 64 65 //删除操作 66 self.deleterec = function (employee) { 67 $.ajax({ 68 type: "DELETE", 69 url: "/api/EmployeeApi/" + employee.EmployeeID, 70 success: function (data) { 71 alert("Record Deleted Successfully"); 72 GetEmployees();//Refresh the Table 73 }, 74 error: function (error) { 75 alert(error.status + "<--and--> " + error.statusText); 76 } 77 }); 78 }; 79 80 //获取所有Employee 81 function GetEmployees() { 82 //Ajax 获取所有Employee记录 83 $.ajax({ 84 type: "GET", 85 url: "/api/EmployeeApi", 86 contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", 87 dataType: "json", 88 success: function (data) { 89 self.Employees(data); 90 }, 91 error: function (error) { 92 alert(error.status + "<--and--> " + error.statusText); 93 } 94 }); 95 }; 96 //点击右侧列表某一行左侧编辑赋值 97 self.getselectedemployee = function (employee) { 98 self.EmployeeID(employee.EmployeeID), 99 self.EmployeeName(employee.EmployeeName), 100 self.Salary(employee.Salary), 101 self.DeptName(employee.DeptName), 102 self.Address(employee.Address) 103 }; 104 }; 105 //激活knockout 106 ko.applyBindings(new EmpViewModel()); 107 </script> 108 } 109 110 <body class="easyui-layout"> 111 <form> 112 <table> 113 <tr> 114 <td> 115 <!--将textbox监控属性的值与ViewModel绑定 --> 116 <table id="tbldml"> 117 <tr> 118 <td>编号</td> 119 <td> 120 <input type="text" id="txteno" data-bind="value: $root.EmployeeID" readonly="readonly"/></td> 121 </tr> 122 <tr> 123 <td>名称</td> 124 <td> 125 <input type="text" id="txtename" data-bind="value: $root.EmployeeName" /></td> 126 </tr> 127 <tr> 128 <td>薪资</td> 129 <td> 130 <input type="text" id="txtsal" data-bind="value: $root.Salary" /></td> 131 </tr> 132 <tr> 133 <td>部门</td> 134 <td> 135 <input type="text" id="txtdname" data-bind="value: $root.DeptName" /></td> 136 </tr> 137 <tr> 138 <td>籍贯</td> 139 <td> 140 <input type="text" id="txtdesig" data-bind="value: $root.Address" /></td> 141 </tr> 142 <tr> 143 <!--ko控制的保存和修改按钮--> 144 <td> 145 <button data-bind="click: $root.save" style="width: 100px;">保存</button></td> 146 <td> 147 <button data-bind="click: $root.update" style="width: 100px;">修改</button></td> 148 </tr> 149 </table> 150 </td> 151 <td> 152 <div class="FixedContainer"> 153 <!--控制有数据的时候显示表格--> 154 <table data-bind="visible: Employees().length > 0"> 155 <thead> 156 <tr> 157 <td style="width: 100px;">编号</td> 158 <td style="width: 100px;">名称</td> 159 <td style="width: 100px;">薪资</td> 160 <td style="width: 100px;">部门</td> 161 <td style="width: 100px;">籍贯</td> 162 <td style="width: 100px;"></td> 163 </tr> 164 </thead> 165 <!--遍历所有数据--> 166 <tbody data-bind="foreach: Employees"> 167 <tr style="border: solid" data-bind="click: $root.getselectedemployee" id="updtr"> 168 <td><span data-bind="text: EmployeeID" style="width: 100px;"></span></td> 169 <td><span data-bind="text: EmployeeName" style="width: 100px;"></span></td> 170 <td><span data-bind="text: Salary"></span></td> 171 <td><span data-bind="text: DeptName"></span></td> 172 <td><span data-bind="text: Address"></span></td> 173 <td> 174 <button data-bind="click: $root.deleterec">删除</button></td> 175 </tr> 176 </tbody> 177 </table> 178 </div> 179 </td> 180 </tr> 181 </table> 182 </form> 183 </body>
使用knockout绑定值需要引用两个js，knockout.mapping-latest.js和knockout-2.2.0.js。
第七步：修改RouteConfig.cs路由配置文件， defaults: new { controller = "Employee", action = "Create", id = UrlParameter.Optional }。这样基本的项目就完成了，运行可以查看效果。
以上就是所有的项目内容。
