Struts2(十三)国际化-internationalization
一、国际化是什么--I18N
即internationalization
首字母i-结束字母n之间有18个字母
特征：在程序不做修改的情况下，可以根据不同的语言环境显示相应内容
二、Java内置国际化
message_en_US.properties
demo = hello world! userName = user name password = password welcome = welcome!
message_zh_CN.properties
demo = \u60A8\u597D\u4E16\u754C! userName = \u7528\u6237\u540D password = \u5BC6\u7801 welcome = \u6B22\u8FCE!
message.properties
demo = \u60A8\u597D\u4E16\u754C! userName = \u7528\u6237\u540D password = \u5BC6\u7801 welcome = \u6B22\u8FCE!
实现代码
<%@page import="java.util.ResourceBundle"%> <%@page import="java.util.Locale"%> <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>测试</title> </head> <body> <h1>测试页面</h1> <% //获取当前已经安装的语言数组 Locale [] locals=Locale.getAvailableLocales(); //遍历数组 for(Locale local:locals){ //国家+国家代码 out.print("国家: "+local.getDisplayCountry()+" 国家代码:"+local.getCountry()+" "); //语言+语言代码 out.println("语言: "+local.getDisplayLanguage()+" 语言代码:"+local.getLanguage()+"<hr/>"); } //引用语言 此处可以更改 Locale ls=Locale.getDefault(); //使用哪个资源文件 ResourceBundle rb=ResourceBundle.getBundle("message",ls); //输出 out.println(rb.getString("demo")); out.println(rb.getString("userName")); out.println(rb.getString("password")); out.println(rb.getString("welcome")); %> </body> </html>
三、Struts2实现
准备全局资源文件：通常至少三个文件
命名规则:前缀名_语言_国家.properties
内容格式：key=value
指定资源文件(设置常量)
1.struts.xml文件中:
<constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message" />
2.struts.properties中：
struts.custom.i18n.resources=message
<s:text name="demo"></s:text> <s:text name="userName" /> <s:text name="password" /> <s:text name="welcome" />
更改资源文件
message.properites
demo = 您好世界!
userName = 用户名
password = 密码
welcome = 欢迎!
submit =提交
reset=重置
message_zh_CN.properties
demo = 您好世界!
userName = 用户名
password = 密码
welcome = 欢迎!
submit =提交
reset=重置
message_en_US.properties
demo = hello world!
userName = user name
password = password
welcome = welcome!
submit =submit
reset=reset
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>测试</title> </head> <body> <s:text name="demo"></s:text> <s:text name="userName" /> <s:text name="password" /> <s:text name="welcome" /> <s:form action="" method="post"> <s:textfield key="userName" /> <s:password key="password"/> <s:submit key="submit"/> <s:reset key="reset" /> </s:form> </body> </html>
四、Action类实现国际化
message.properties
demo = 您好世界!
userName = 用户名
password = 密码
welcome = {0}欢迎!{1}
submit =提交
reset=重置
fail=登录失败
usermsg=用户名不能为空
usermsglength=用户名的长度为2-16位
pwdmsg=密码不能为空
pwdmsglength=密码的长度为2-16位
message_zh_CN.properties同上
message_en_US.properties
demo = hello world!
userName = user name
password = password
welcome = {0}welcome!{1}
submit =submit
reset=reset
fail=login failed
usermsg=user name do not empty
usermsglength=user name length is 2 to 16!
pwdmsg=password do not empty
pwdmsglength=password length is 2 to 16!
struts.xml
<struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="message" /> <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="login" class="action.LoginAction" method="login"> <result name="success"> /demo.jsp </result> <result name="input"> /demo.jsp </result> </action> </package> </struts>
demo.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>测试</title> </head> <body> <%-- <s:text name="demo"></s:text> <s:text name="userName" /> <s:text name="password" /> <s:text name="welcome" /> --%> <s:form action="login.action" method="post"> <s:textfield name="username" key="userName" /> <s:password name="password" key="password"/> <s:submit key="submit"/> <s:reset key="reset" /> </s:form> <hr/><br/> <s:actionmessage /> <s:debug/> </body> </html>
LogionAction
package action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport { private String username; private String password; public String login() { if ("admin".equalsIgnoreCase(username) && "admin".equalsIgnoreCase(password)) { this.addActionMessage(this.getText("welcome", new String[] { username,password})); return SUCCESS; } this.addActionMessage(this.getText("fail")); return INPUT; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
LogionAction.login()验证文件
LogionAction-login-validation.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd"> <validators> <field name="username"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <param name="trim">true</param> <message>${getText("usermsg")}</message> </field-validator> <field-validator type="stringlength"> <param name="trim">true</param> <param name="minLength">2</param> <param name="maxLength">16</param> <message>${getText("usermsglength")}</message> </field-validator> </field> <field name="password"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <param name="trim">true</param> <message>${getText("pwdmsg")}</message> </field-validator> <field-validator type="stringlength"> <param name="trim">true</param> <param name="minLength">2</param> <param name="maxLength">16</param> <message>${getText("pwdmsglength")}</message> </field-validator> </field> </validators>
五、Jsp页面国际化传参数
<!-- First Example --> <s:i18n name="struts.action.test.i18n.Shop"> <s:text name="main.title"/> </s:i18n> <!-- Second Example --> <s:text name="main.title" /> <!-- Third Examlpe --> <s:text name="i18n.label.greetings"> <s:param >Mr Smith</s:param> </s:text>
<s:text name="welcome"> <s:param>admin</s:param> <s:param>ffff</s:param> </s:text>
六、资源查找顺序
七、在JSP中使用国际化
使用UI表单标志时，getText可以用来设置label属性，例如： <s:textfield name="name" label="%{getText('UserName')}"/>
八、资源文件里使用OGNL表达式
许多情况下，我们都需要在动行时（runtime）为国际化字符插入一些参数，例如在输入验证提示信息的时候。在Struts 2.0中，我们可以通过在资源文件的国际化字符串中使用OGNL做到这点： 格式为${表达式}，例如：
validation.require=${fileName} is required
九、资源文件查找顺序
