python的socketserver模块实现TCP/UDP并发
基于tcp的套接字,关键就是两个循环,一个链接循环,一个通信循环
socketserver模块中分两大类:server类(解决链接问题)和request类(解决通信问题)
server类:
request类:
继承关系:
以下述代码为例,分析socketserver源码:
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找属性的顺序:ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
- 实例化得到ftpserver,先找类ThreadingTCPServer的init,在TCPServer中找到,进而执行server_bind,server_active
- 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到,进而执行self._handle_request_noblock(),该方法同样是在BaseServer中
- 执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()(就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()),然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
- 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request,开启多线程应对并发,进而执行process_request_thread,执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
- 上述四部分完成了链接循环,本部分开始进入处理通讯部分,在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化,去找init方法,而我们自己定义的类没有该方法,则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
源码分析总结:
基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.server即套接字对象
- self.request即一个链接
- self.client_address即客户端地址
基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.request是一个元组(第一个元素是客户端发来的数据,第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象),如(b'adsf', )
- self.client_address即客户端地址
FtpServer
import socketserver
import struct
import json
import os
class FtpServer(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
coding='utf-8'
server_dir='file_upload'
max_packet_size=1024
BASE_DIR=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
def handle(self):
print(self.request)
while True:
data=self.request.recv(4)
data_len=struct.unpack('i',data)[0]
head_json=self.request.recv(data_len).decode(self.coding)
head_dic=json.loads(head_json)
# print(head_dic)
cmd=head_dic['cmd']
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(head_dic)
def put(self,args):
file_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
self.BASE_DIR,
self.server_dir,
args['filename']
))
filesize = args['filesize']
recv_size = 0
print('----->', file_path)
with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
while recv_size < filesize:
recv_data = self.request.recv(self.max_packet_size)
f.write(recv_data)
recv_size += len(recv_data)
print('recvsize:%s filesize:%s' % (recv_size, filesize))
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
FtpClient
import socket
import struct
import json
import os
class MYTCPClient:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding='utf-8'
request_queue_size = 5
def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True):
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if connect:
try:
self.client_connect()
except:
self.client_close()
raise
def client_connect(self):
self.socket.connect(self.server_address)
def client_close(self):
self.socket.close()
def run(self):
while True:
inp=input(">>: ").strip()
if not inp:continue
l=inp.split()
cmd=l[0]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(l)
def put(self,args):
cmd=args[0]
filename=args[1]
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
print('file:%s is not exists' %filename)
return
else:
filesize=os.path.getsize(filename)
head_dic={'cmd':cmd,'filename':os.path.basename(filename),'filesize':filesize}
print(head_dic)
head_json=json.dumps(head_dic)
head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding)
head_struct=struct.pack('i',len(head_json_bytes))
self.socket.send(head_struct)
self.socket.send(head_json_bytes)
send_size=0
with open(filename,'rb') as f:
for line in f:
self.socket.send(line)
send_size+=len(line)
print(send_size)
else:
print('upload successful')
client=MYTCPClient(('127.0.0.1',8080))
client.run()
一、socketserver模块基本使用
# 服务端
# encoding=utf-8
# auther:lsj
# 使用socketserver模块实现TCP协议
import socketserver
class MyRequestHandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
print(self.request) # 如果是tcp协议,self.request-->conn
print(self.client_address) # self.client_address-->客户端的IP地址
s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyRequestHandle)
s.serve_forever() # 服务到永远,类似于下面的while True循环
# 服务端做两件事
# 第一件事:循环地从半连接池中取出链接请求与其建立双双向链接,拿到链接对象
# while True:
# conn,client_addr = socketserver
# 启动一个线程(conn,client_addr)
# 第二件事:拿到链接对象,与其进行通讯循环--》写入handle方法中去
socketserver模块的客户端(客户端、客户端1、客户端2代码都相同)
# 客户端
# encoding=utf-8
# auther:lsj
# 使用socketserver模块实现TCP协议的并发
from socket import *
client = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM) # AF_INET:基于网络通信,SOCK_STREAM:基于TCP协议
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080))
while True:
cmd = input('请输入命令>>:').strip()
if len(cmd) == 0:continue
client.send(cmd.encode('utf-8'))
cmd_res = client.recv(1024) # 本次接收,最大接收1024Bytes(我们发送的命令越简单越好所以1024就够了)
print(cmd_res.decode('GBK')) # 强调:windows系统用gbk,Linux系统用utf-8。
运行结果:
# 先启动服务端,后陆续启动客户端、客户端1、客户端2,查看服务端状态如下:
# 服务端启动后没有客户端启动
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/服务端.py
# 启动了客户端
<socket.socket fd=528, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 59384)>
('127.0.0.1', 59384)
# 启动了客户端1
<socket.socket fd=116, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 59386)>
('127.0.0.1', 59386)
# 启动了客户端2
<socket.socket fd=536, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 59390)>
('127.0.0.1', 59390)
二、使用socketserver模块实现TCP协议的并发(修改服务端代码)
# encoding=utf-8
# auther:lsj
# 使用socketserver模块实现TCp协议的并发
import socketserver
class MyRequestHandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
# print(self.request) # 如果是tcp协议,self.request-->conn
# print(self.client_address) # self.client_address-->客户端的IP地址
while True:
try:
cmd = self.request.recv(1024)
if len(cmd) == 0: break
self.request.send(cmd.upper())
except Exception:
break
self.request.close()
s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyRequestHandle)
s.serve_forever() # 服务到永远,类似于下面的while True循环
# 服务端做两件事
# 第一件事:循环地从半连接池中取出链接请求与其建立双双向链接,拿到链接对象
# while True:
# conn,client_addr = socketserver
# 启动一个线程(conn,client_addr)
# 第二件事:拿到链接对象,与其进行通讯循环--》写入handle方法中去
先启动服务端,后陆续启动客户端、客户端1、客户端2,查看服务端状态如下:
# 启动客户端
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/客户端.py
请输入命令>>:hello
HELLO
请输入命令>>:
# 启动客户端1
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/客户端1.py
请输入命令>>:world
WORLD
请输入命令>>:
# 启动客户端2
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/客户端2.py
请输入命令>>:lsj
LSJ
请输入命令>>:
三、使用socketserver模块实现UDP协议的并发
# 服务端
# encoding=utf-8
# auther:lsj
# 模拟服务端
# 服务端应该满足的特点:
"""
1、一直提供服务
2、并发地提供服务
"""
import socketserver
class MyRequestHanlde(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
client_data = self.request[0]
server=self.request[1]
client_address=self.client_address
print(self.request)
print("客户端发来的数据%s"%client_data)
server.sendto(client_data.upper(),client_address)
s =socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyRequestHanlde)
s.serve_forever()
# 相当于whlie True:循环只负责循环的接收
# while True:
# data,client_adr = server.recvfrom(1024)
# 启动一个线程处理后续的事情(data,client_adr)
# server.sendto(data.upper(),client_adr)
# server.close()
# 客户端
# encoding=utf-8
# auther:lsj
# 模拟客户端
import socket
client=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
while True:
msg=input('>>>:').strip()
client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'),('127.0.0.1',8080))
res = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(res)
client.close()
启动服务端和客户端、客户端1,运行结果如下:
# 客户端
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/基于UDP协议的socketserver的使用/客户端.py
>>>:hello
(b'HELLO', ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
>>>:world
(b'WORLD', ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
>>>:
# 客户端1
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/基于UDP协议的socketserver的使用/客户端1.py
>>>:lsj
(b'LSJ', ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
>>>:
# 服务端
D:\Python38\python.exe D:/pycharm/oldboy_29/day037/day037_06socketserver模块基本使用/基于UDP协议的socketserver的使用/服务端.py
(b'hello', <socket.socket fd=508, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)
客户端发来的数据b'hello'
(b'world', <socket.socket fd=508, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)
客户端发来的数据b'world'
(b'lsj', <socket.socket fd=508, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)
客户端发来的数据b'lsj'