graphviz 的使用教程
node 节点属性如下 ：
| Name | Default | Values |
|---|---|---|
| color | black | node shape color |
| comment | any string (format-dependent) | |
| distortion | 0.0 | node distortion for shape=polygon |
| fillcolor | lightgrey/black | node fill color |
| fixedsize | false | label text has no affect on node size |
| fontcolor | black | type face color |
| fontname | Times-Roman | font family |
| fontsize | 14 | point size of label |
| group | name of node’s group | |
| height | .5 | height in inches |
| label | node name | any string |
| layer | overlay range | all, id or id:id |
| orientation | 0.0 | node rotation angle |
| peripheries | shape-dependent | number of node boundaries |
| regular | false | force polygon to be regular |
| shape | ellipse | node shape; see Section 2.1 and Appendix E |
| shapefile | external EPSF or SVG custom shape file | |
| sides | 4 | number of sides for shape=polygon |
| skew | 0.0 | skewing of node for shape=polygon |
| style | graphics options, e.g. bold, dotted, filled; cf. Section 2.3 | |
| URL | URL associated with node (format-dependent) | |
| width | .75 | width in inches |
| z | 0.0 | z coordinate for VRML output |
edge 边框属性如下：
| Name | Default | Values |
|---|---|---|
| arrowhead | normal | style of arrowhead at head end |
| arrowsize | 1.0 | scaling factor for arrowheads |
| arrowtail | normal | style of arrowhead at tail end |
| color | black | edge stroke color |
| comment | any string (format-dependent) | |
| constraint | true | use edge to affect node ranking |
| decorate | if set, draws a line connecting labels with their edges | |
| dir | forward | forward, back, both, or none |
| fontcolor | black | type face color |
| fontname | Times-Roman | font family |
| fontsize | 14 | point size of label |
| headlabel | label placed near head of edge | |
| headport | n,ne,e,se,s,sw,w,nw | |
| headURL | URL attached to head label if output format is ismap | |
| label | edge label | |
| labelangle | -25.0 | angle in degrees which head or tail label is rotated off edge |
| labeldistance | 1.0 | scaling factor for distance of head or tail label from node |
| labelfloat | false | lessen constraints on edge label placement |
| labelfontcolor | black | type face color for head and tail labels |
| labelfontname | Times-Roman | font family for head and tail labels |
| labelfontsize | 14 | point size for head and tail labels |
| layer | overlay range | all, id or id:id |
| lhead | name of cluster to use as head of edge | |
| ltail | name of cluster to use as tail of edge | |
| minlen | 1 | minimum rank distance between head and tail |
| samehead | tag for head node; edge heads with the same tag are | |
| sametail | merged onto the same port | |
| style | tag for tail node; edge tails with the same tag are merged onto the same port | |
| taillabel | graphics options, e.g. bold, dotted, filled; cf. Section 2.3 | |
| tailport | label placed near tail of edge n,ne,e,se,s,sw,w,nw | |
| tailURL | URL attached to tail label if output format is ismap | |
| weight | 1 | integer cost of stretching an edge |
Digraph 图属性如下：
| Name | Default | Values |
|---|---|---|
| bgcolor | background color for drawing, plus initial fill color | |
| center | false | center drawing on page |
| clusterrank | local | may be global or none |
| color | black | for clusters, outline color, and fill color if fillcolor not defined |
| comment | any string (format-dependent) | |
| compound | false | allow edges between clusters |
| concentrate | false | enables edge concentrators |
| fillcolor | black | cluster fill color |
| fontcolor | black | type face color |
| fontname | Times-Roman | font family |
| fontpath | list of directories to search for fonts | |
| fontsize | 14 | point size of label |
| label | any string | |
| labeljust | centered | ”l” and ”r” for left- and right-justified cluster labels, respectively |
| labelloc | top | ”t” and ”b” for top- and bottom-justified cluster labels, respectively |
| layers | id:id:id… | |
| margin | .5 | margin included in page, inches |
| mclimit | 1.0 | scale factor for mincross iterations |
| nodesep | .25 | separation between nodes, in inches. |
| nslimit | if set to f, bounds network simplex iterations by (f)(number of nodes) when setting x-coordinates | |
| nslimit1 | if set to f, bounds network simplex iterations by (f)(number of nodes) when ranking nodes | |
| ordering | if out out edge order is preserved | |
| orientation | portrait | if rotate is not used and the value is landscape, use landscape orientation |
| page | unit of pagination, e.g. “8.5,11” | |
| pagedir | BL | traversal order of pages |
| quantum | if quantum ¿ 0.0, node label dimensions will be rounded to integral multiples of quantum | |
| rank | same, min, max, source or sink | |
| rankdir | TB | LR (left to right) or TB (top to bottom) |
| ranksep | .75 | separation between ranks, in inches. |
| ratio | approximate aspect ratio desired, fill or auto | |
| remincross | if true and there are multiple clusters, re-run crossing minimization | |
| rotate | If 90, set orientation to landscape | |
| samplepoints | 8 | number of points used to represent ellipses and circles on output (cf. Appendix C |
| searchsize | 30 | maximum edges with negative cut values to check when looking for a minimum one during network simplex |
| size | maximum drawing size, in inches | |
| style | graphics options, e.g. filled for clusters | |
| URL | URL associated with graph (format-dependent) |
from graphviz import Graph from graphviz import Digraph # 绘制无向图 def draw_Graph(): # 创建对象，设置对象属性 dot = Graph(name='无向图', filename=r'D:\Cache\python\无向图', format='png') # 设置节点属性, 修改 fontname 属性可解决中文输出乱码问题 dot.node_attr.update(shape='ellipse', color='black', fillcolor='lightgrey', fontcolor='black', fontsize='18', fontname='Microsoft YaHei', width='4', height='2', style='bold') # 创建节点, 设置节点名字、内容 dot.node('A', '小朋友') dot.node('B', '小学生') dot.node('C', '初中生') dot.node('D', '高中生') dot.node('E', '大学生') dot.node('F', '研究生') dot.node('G', '博士生') dot.node('H', '医生') dot.node('I', '老师') dot.node('J', '程序员') dot.node('K', '会计') dot.node('L', '公务员') dot.node('M', '教授') # 设置边属性 dot.edge_attr.update(color='black', fontcolor='black', fontsize='18', fontname='Microsoft YaHei') # 创建单边，设置边内容 dot.edge('A', 'B', '升级') dot.edge('B', 'C', '升级') dot.edge('C', 'D', '升级') dot.edge('D', 'E', '升级') dot.edge('E', 'F', '升级') dot.edge('F', 'G', '升级') # 创建多边，不能设置边内容 dot.edges(['EI', 'FI', 'GI', 'FH', 'GH', 'EJ', 'FJ', 'GJ', 'EK', 'FK', 'GK', 'EL', 'FL', 'GL', 'GM']) # 打印生成的源代码，pdf 格式无法打印 print(dot.source) # 保存图片，不显示图片 dot.render(filename='无向图', directory=r'D:\Cache\python') # 保存图片，并显示图片 dot.view(filename='无向图', directory=r'D:\Cache\python') # 绘制有向图 def draw_Digraph(): # 创建对象，设置对象属性 dot = Digraph(name='有向图', filename=r'D:\Cache\python\有向图', format='pdf') # 设置节点属性, 修改 fontname 属性可解决中文输出乱码问题 dot.node_attr.update(shape='ellipse', color='black', fillcolor='lightgrey', fontcolor='black', fontsize='18', fontname='Microsoft YaHei', width='4', height='2', style='bold') # 创建节点, 设置节点名字、内容 dot.node('A', '小朋友') dot.node('B', '小学生') dot.node('C', '初中生') dot.node('D', '高中生') dot.node('E', '大学生') dot.node('F', '研究生') dot.node('G', '博士生') dot.node('H', '医生') dot.node('I', '老师') dot.node('J', '程序员') dot.node('K', '会计') dot.node('L', '公务员') dot.node('M', '教授') # 设置边属性, arrowhead 为前端箭头样式, arrowsize 为箭头缩放比例, minlen 为边头部和尾部的距离, pnewidth 为边宽度 dot.edge_attr.update(color='black', fontcolor='black', fontsize='18', fontname='Microsoft YaHei', arrowhead='diamond', arrowsize='2.0', minlen='3', penwidth='2', style='dashed') # 创建单边，设置边内容 dot.edge('A', 'B', '升级') dot.edge('B', 'C', '升级') dot.edge('C', 'D', '升级') dot.edge('D', 'E', '升级') dot.edge('E', 'F', '升级') dot.edge('F', 'G', '升级') # 创建多边，不能设置边内容 dot.edges(['EI', 'FI', 'GI', 'FH', 'GH', 'EJ', 'FJ', 'GJ', 'EK', 'FK', 'GK', 'EL', 'FL', 'GL', 'GM']) # 保存图片，不显示图片 dot.render(filename='有向图', directory=r'D:\Cache\python') # 保存图片，并显示图片 dot.view(filename='有向图', directory=r'D:\Cache\python') if __name__ == '__main__': draw_Graph()
