containerd取而代之docker

https://www.itzgeek.com/how-tos/linux/ubuntu-how-tos/install-containerd-on-ubuntu-22-04.html
https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md

1. 安装containerd

$ axel -n 10 https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.6.8/containerd-1.6.8-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /tmp/containerd-1.6.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo tar Czxvf /usr/local /tmp/containerd-1.6.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz

$ axel -n 10 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containerd/containerd/main/containerd.service -o /tmp/containerd.service
$ sudo mv /tmp/containerd.service /lib/systemd/system/
$ sudo ln -s /lib/systemd/system/containerd.service /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service

$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl enable --now containerd

2. 安装runC

$ axel -n 10 https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/releases/download/v1.1.4/runc.amd64 -o /tmp/runc.amd64
$ sudo install -m 755 /tmp/runc.amd64 /usr/local/sbin/runc

3. containerd配置文件

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd

# 生成模板
$ containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml

$ sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml << EOF
version = 2
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
plugin_dir = ""
disabled_plugins = []
required_plugins = []
oom_score = 0

[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216

[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  uid = 0
  gid = 0

[debug]
  address = ""
  uid = 0
  gid = 0
  level = ""

[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false

[cgroup]
  path = ""

[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"

[plugins]
  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"
  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    disable_tcp_service = true
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    enable_selinux = false
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    sandbox_image = "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2" # 更改沙箱镜像地址
    stats_collect_period = 10
    systemd_cgroup = true # 设置为true 
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    disable_proc_mount = false
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      no_pivot = false
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        runtime_type = ""
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        base_runtime_spec = ""
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        runtime_type = ""
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        base_runtime_spec = ""
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      max_conf_num = 1
      conf_template = ""
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn", "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"] # 变更为国内镜像库
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."gcr.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://gcr.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."k8s.gcr.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://gcr.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/google-containers"]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."quay.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://quay.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."harbor.local"] # harbor私有镜像库
          endpoint = ["https://http://harbor.local"]
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = ""
    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""
  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"
  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"
  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"
  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false
  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    no_shim = false
    shim_debug = false
  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]
  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    root_path = ""
    pool_name = ""
    base_image_size = ""
    async_remove = false
EOF

4. 安装CNI plugins

$ sudo mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin/
$ sudo axel -n 10 https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.1.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz -o /tmp/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz
$ sudo tar Cxzvf /opt/cni/bin /tmp/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz

5. 启动containerd服务

$ sudo systemctl restart containerd
$ sudo systemctl status containerd

$ sudo ctr version
Client:
  Version:  v1.6.8
  Revision: 9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
  Go version: go1.17.13

Server:
  Version:  v1.6.8
  Revision: 9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
  UUID: e1c3202b-e6c6-4237-92a2-daffeac4e26c

$ sudo runc -version
runc version 1.1.4
commit: v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d1
spec: 1.0.2-dev
go: go1.17.10
libseccomp: 2.5.4

6. 安装nerdctl(兼容docker)

$ axel -n 10 https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/releases/download/v0.22.2/nerdctl-0.22.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o /tmp/nerdctl-0.22.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo tar Cxzvf /usr/local/bin /tmp/nerdctl-0.22.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz 

$ sudo nerdctl run -d -p 80:80 --name=nginx nginx
$ sudo nerdctl container exec -i -t nginx bash

7. containerd客户端(不太好用)

$ ctr -h