linux 中 grep命令限制匹配次数
001、测试数据，，匹配末尾为_一个数字的数据
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt ## 测试数据 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]$" a.txt ## -E表示扩展正则表达式， 匹配末尾为_一个数字的数据 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2
002、匹配指定次数1次
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt ## 测试数据 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{1}$" a.txt ##任意数字匹配1次，（_和$为限定符） NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2
003、匹配指定次数2次或者3次
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{2}$" a.txt ## 限制指定次数2次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{3}$" a.txt ## 限制指定次数3次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229
004、指定最少匹配次数
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{1,}$" a.txt ## 指定最少匹配次数1次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{2,}$" a.txt ## 指定最少匹配次数2次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{3,}$" a.txt ## 指定最少匹配次数3次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334
005、指定最多匹配次数
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{,1}$" a.txt ## 最多匹配1次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{,2}$" a.txt ## 最多匹配2次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{,3}$" a.txt ## 最多匹配3次 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2
006、指定匹配次数的范围
[root@pc1 test2]# ls a.txt [root@pc1 test2]# cat a.txt NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{1,2}$" a.txt ## 指定匹配次数范围1-2 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_1 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_2 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{2,3}$" a.txt ## 指定匹配次数范围2-3 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_27 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_45 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAI-AAU_12 [root@pc1 test2]# grep -E "_[0-9]{3,5}$" a.txt ## 指定匹配次数范围3-5 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_229 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAS-AGA_33445 NC_052532.1 tRNAscan-SE TRNAD-GUC_4334
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