centos7 中安装 docker并配置阿里镜像加速器

001、系统内核

[root@PC1 test01]# uname -a
Linux PC1 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

002、删除旧版本的docker

[root@PC1 test01]# sudo yum -y remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine

003、设置仓库

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
#国外镜像
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
#阿里云镜像
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

004、更新yum软件包索引(使用阿里云)

[root@PC1 test01]# sudo yum makecache fast

005、安装docker 引擎

[root@PC1 test01]# sudo yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

006、启动docker并查看docker状态

[root@PC1 test01]# systemctl start docker     ## 启动
[root@PC1 test01]# systemctl status docker    ## 查看状态

007、配置阿里镜像加速器（完整执行如下代码，实质是增加了一个配置文件）

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://mpn6zqak.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

008、测试docker常用命令

a、查找镜像：

[root@PC1 test01]# docker search omicsclass | head -n 5

b、拉取镜像

[root@PC1 test01]# docker pull omicsclass/samtools

c、列出镜像

[root@PC1 test01]# docker image ls

d、进入镜像

[root@PC1 test01]# docker run --rm -it omicsclass/samtools

e、退出镜像

[root@543239fa9d5d  17:45:43 /work]# exit
exit
[root@PC1 test01]# samtools --version
bash: samtools: command not found...

f、删除镜像

[root@PC1 test01]# docker image ls                           ## 列出镜像
REPOSITORY            TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
omicsclass/samtools   latest    03c0d88d7279   2 years ago   1.88GB
[root@PC1 test01]# docker image rm omicsclass/samtools       ## 删除镜像   
Untagged: omicsclass/samtools:latest
Untagged: omicsclass/samtools@sha256:6bfe450f9e293697bbba18cb1d9166a57351266c33fe1a007c20097e71788075
Deleted: sha256:03c0d88d7279ac1575de52c63aee959c62851fc43d459d27aa7850ef1cfe18dc
Deleted: sha256:7206279506c929bf8c675243b4089c48da2fd2563c803cd4ca2983d2ca6de6f8
Deleted: sha256:00c02a4943d46385e58ce0ed79b4c57e807b40506ee933fd71826c60434c8408
Deleted: sha256:9789ac1ff55c1907c32ca7031ebce5c80ecd08b87f186f8316bc70457bc2ccb6
Deleted: sha256:95560b659a25db228d8e894c2aa20ee9c4578a267cc5b64b6e04e0b8bef37c20
Deleted: sha256:1709a81cd394decd573d407906cf461a392284eac3151f365d9b1fdc54a53670
Deleted: sha256:04223ac0a9f875079311ecd2400768ff69a3118b5194022677ba2299dd1f4038
Deleted: sha256:1290edc055d116159786858f2e4613e76e11c48dfb65d7d972cfddc6ec5b70e9
Deleted: sha256:613be09ab3c0860a5216936f412f09927947012f86bfa89b263dfa087a725f81
[root@PC1 test01]# docker image ls                          ## 删除镜像
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE

009、删除docker

a、

[root@PC1 test01]# sudo yum -y remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

b、

[root@PC1 test01]# sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
[root@PC1 test01]# sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd
[root@PC1 test01]# docker --version
-bash: /usr/bin/docker: No such file or directory