linux 中awk命令实现字符串的精确替换

 

001、

root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# ls
a.txt  test.txt
root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# cat a.txt   ## 测试数据， 1、2列分别为替换字符和被替换字符
1 AKCR02000001
2 AKCR02000001.1
3 AKCR02000001.2
root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# cat test.txt  ## 测试数据
AKCR02000001    df
AKCR02000001    df
AKCR02000001    er
AKCR02000001.1  dg
AKCR02000001.1  der
AKCR02000001.1  fg
AKCR02000001.2  ee
AKCR02000001.2  ss
AKCR02000001.2  aa
root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# cat a.txt | while read {i,j}; do awk -v a=$i -v b=$j '{j = 0; for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if($i == b) {j++; $i = a} if(j != 0) {print $0}}' test.txt >> result.txt; done
root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# ls
a.txt  result.txt  test.txt
root@DESKTOP-1N42TVH:/home/test3# cat result.txt   ## 结果文件
1 df
1 df
1 er
2 dg
2 der
2 fg
3 ee
3 ss
3 aa