linux中awk命令实现科学计数法和普通数值的相互转换

 

001、

root@PC1:/home/test2# ls
test.txt
root@PC1:/home/test2# cat test.txt                           ## 测试数据
chr     logl_H1 l_remle p_wald
1       -3.078836e+03   1.000000e+05    6.973924e-01
1       -3.078583e+03   1.000000e+05    4.170767e-01
1       -3.078921e+03   1.000000e+05    9.387895e-01
1       -3.076761e+03   1.000000e+05    3.819984e-02
1       -3.078793e+03   1.000000e+05    6.359079e-01
1       -3.078882e+03   1.000000e+05    8.279424e-01
1       -3.077049e+03   1.000000e+05    5.450867e-02
1       -3.078782e+03   1.000000e+05    6.191698e-01
1       -3.078870e+03   1.000000e+05    7.736763e-01
root@PC1:/home/test2# awk '{for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {printf("%.2f\t", $i)}; {printf("\n")}}' test.txt
0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00                                  ## 转换浮点表示
1.00    -3078.84        100000.00       0.70
1.00    -3078.58        100000.00       0.42
1.00    -3078.92        100000.00       0.94
1.00    -3076.76        100000.00       0.04
1.00    -3078.79        100000.00       0.64
1.00    -3078.88        100000.00       0.83
1.00    -3077.05        100000.00       0.05
1.00    -3078.78        100000.00       0.62
1.00    -3078.87        100000.00       0.77
root@PC1:/home/test2# awk '{for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {printf("%.4f\t", $i)}; {printf("\n")}}' test.txt
0.0000  0.0000  0.0000  0.0000                                ## 转换为浮点，四位小数
1.0000  -3078.8360      100000.0000     0.6974
1.0000  -3078.5830      100000.0000     0.4171
1.0000  -3078.9210      100000.0000     0.9388
1.0000  -3076.7610      100000.0000     0.0382
1.0000  -3078.7930      100000.0000     0.6359
1.0000  -3078.8820      100000.0000     0.8279
1.0000  -3077.0490      100000.0000     0.0545
1.0000  -3078.7820      100000.0000     0.6192
1.0000  -3078.8700      100000.0000     0.7737

 

002、数值转换为科学计数法

root@PC1:/home/test2# ls
test.txt
root@PC1:/home/test2# cat test.txt
0.00000000      0.00000000      0.00000000      0.00000000
1.00000000      -3078.83600000  100000.00000000 0.69739240
1.00000000      -3078.58300000  100000.00000000 0.41707670
1.00000000      -3078.92100000  100000.00000000 0.93878950
1.00000000      -3076.76100000  100000.00000000 0.03819984
1.00000000      -3078.79300000  100000.00000000 0.63590790
1.00000000      -3078.88200000  100000.00000000 0.82794240
1.00000000      -3077.04900000  100000.00000000 0.05450867
1.00000000      -3078.78200000  100000.00000000 0.61916980
1.00000000      -3078.87000000  100000.00000000 0.77367630
root@PC1:/home/test2# awk '{for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {printf("%e\t", $i)}; {printf("\n")}}' test.txt
0.000000e+00    0.000000e+00    0.000000e+00    0.000000e+00
1.000000e+00    -3.078836e+03   1.000000e+05    6.973924e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.078583e+03   1.000000e+05    4.170767e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.078921e+03   1.000000e+05    9.387895e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.076761e+03   1.000000e+05    3.819984e-02
1.000000e+00    -3.078793e+03   1.000000e+05    6.359079e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.078882e+03   1.000000e+05    8.279424e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.077049e+03   1.000000e+05    5.450867e-02
1.000000e+00    -3.078782e+03   1.000000e+05    6.191698e-01
1.000000e+00    -3.078870e+03   1.000000e+05    7.736763e-01