linux中常用的查看后台进程ps命令

 

1、

-a:  列出所有用户

-u：列出状态

-x：列出更详细的信息

通常使用

ps -aux | grep  "xxx" 查看特定的进程

ps -ef | grep “xxx”查看特定进程

 

示例：

root@PC1:/home/test# ps -aux | grep "admixture"         ## 查看后台包含admixture关键字的进程
root        9499  100  0.3  60084 59500 pts/1    R+   21:27   0:15 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        9502  0.0  0.0  12116   660 pts/0    S+   21:27   0:00 grep --color=auto admixture
root@PC1:/home/test# ps -ef | grep "admixture"          ## 查看后台包含admixture关键字的进程
root        9499    9160 99 21:27 pts/1    00:00:28 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        9505    4371  0 21:27 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto admixture

 

2、对后台占用cpu的进程进行排序

root@PC1:/home/test# ps -aux --sort -pcpu | head           ## 对后台占用cpu最多的进程进行排序
USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        9499  100  0.9 161344 160976 pts/1   R+   21:27   2:32 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        9439 99.9  0.2 181800 39884 pts/2    Sl+  21:20   9:49 SNeP1.1 -ped outcome.ped
rstudio+    1121  0.1  0.0 175600 15632 ?        Ssl  10:02   0:44 /usr/lib/rstudio-server/bin/rserver
root           1  0.0  0.0 168936 12660 ?        Ss   10:01   0:03 /sbin/init splash
root           2  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S    10:01   0:00 [kthreadd]
root           3  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        I<   10:01   0:00 [rcu_gp]
root           4  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        I<   10:01   0:00 [rcu_par_gp]
root           6  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        I<   10:01   0:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri]
root           7  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        I    10:01   0:17 [kworker/0:1-mm_percpu_wq]

 

3、对后台占用内存最多的进程进行排序

root@PC1:/home/test# ps -aux --sort -pmem | head       ##  对后台占用内存最多的进程进行排序
USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        1750  0.0  1.5 4092840 245300 ?      Ssl  10:02   0:14 /usr/bin/gnome-shell
root        9499  100  1.3 215248 214564 pts/1   R+   21:27   4:02 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        1906  0.0  0.3 642760 61260 ?        Sl   10:02   0:00 /usr/libexec/evolution-data-server/evolution-alarm-notify
root        1612  0.0  0.3 285356 60020 tty2     Sl+  10:02   0:00 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/0/gdm/Xauthority -background none -noreset -keeptty -verbose 3
root        1986  0.0  0.2 294452 41044 ?        Sl   10:02   0:22 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd -n vmusr --blockFd 3
root        9439  100  0.2 181800 39884 pts/2    Sl+  21:20  11:20 SNeP1.1 -ped outcome.ped
root        2966  0.0  0.2 1465688 38496 ?       Ssl  10:07   0:02 /usr/lib/snapd/snapd
liujiax+    2600  0.0  0.2 550584 37388 ?        Sl   10:07   0:00 /usr/libexec/goa-daemon
root        1829  0.0  0.2 550584 37012 ?        Sl   10:02   0:00 /usr/libexec/goa-daemon

 

4、结合watch命令对占用cpu最高的进程进行动态监测

root@PC1:/home/test# watch -n 1 'ps -aux --sort -pcpu | head -5'          ## 每个1秒刷新，输出占用cpu最高的五个进程
Every 1.0s: ps -aux --sort -pcpu | head -5                                                              PC1: Sun May  1 21:38:50 2022

USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        9439 99.9  0.2 181800 33492 pts/2    Sl+  21:20  18:38 SNeP1.1 -ped outcome.ped
root        9697 99.5  1.2 208560 207964 pts/1   R+   21:35   3:17 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        9858  7.8  0.2  45208 36280 pts/3    D+   21:37   0:07 sort
root        9802  2.0  0.0      0     0 ?        D    21:36   0:02 [kworker/u256:0+flush-8:0]

 

5、结合watch命令对占用内存最高的进程进行动态监测

root@PC1:/home/test# watch -n 1 'ps -aux --sort -pmem | head -5'    ## 每隔1秒杀心，输出占用内存最高的五个进程
Every 1.0s: ps -aux --sort -pmem | head -5                                                              PC1: Sun May  1 21:40:50 2022

USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        1750  0.0  1.5 4092840 245300 ?      Ssl  10:02   0:14 /usr/bin/gnome-shell
root        9697 99.8  1.3 215248 214564 pts/1   R+   21:35   5:16 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root        1906  0.0  0.3 642760 61260 ?        Sl   10:02   0:00 /usr/libexec/evolution-data-server/evolution-alarm-notify
root        1612  0.0  0.3 285356 60020 tty2     Sl+  10:02   0:00 /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/0/gdm/Xauthori

 

6、同时对cpu和内存进行监测

root@PC1:/home/test# watch -n 1 'ps -aux --sort -pcpu,+pmem | head -5'        ## 同时对cpu和内存进行监测
Every 1.0s: ps -aux --sort -pcpu,+pmem | head -5                                                        PC1: Sun May  1 21:42:29 2022

USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root        9439  100  0.2 181800 46428 pts/2    Sl+  21:20  22:17 SNeP1.1 -ped outcome.ped
root        9697 99.9  1.3 215248 214564 pts/1   R+   21:35   6:55 admixture --cv test.bed 20
root       10382 49.8  0.2  45208 36416 pts/3    S+   21:42   0:06 sort
root       10383  9.9  0.1  28032 19164 pts/3    D+   21:42   0:01 sort