Error in .External2(C_X11, paste0("png::", filename), g$width, g$height, : 解决linux R绘图问题
1、R-4.0.3安装过程中隐患
2、查看当前系统
[root@centos8 test]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.3.2011
[root@centos8 test]# hostnamectl
Static hostname: centos8
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: d5fd22581df140c192815b766d6ec0d7
Boot ID: c7ff573d91e34d83a0c2b0caec78aafc
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:8
Kernel: Linux 4.18.0-240.el8.x86_64
Architecture: x86-64
3、查看R版本
[root@centos8 test]# R --version
R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10) -- "Bunny-Wunnies Freak Out"
Copyright (C) 2020 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under the terms of the
GNU General Public License versions 2 or 3.
For more information about these matters see
https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
4、启动R，检查绘图功能
[root@centos8 test]# R R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10) -- "Bunny-Wunnies Freak Out" Copyright (C) 2020 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit) R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details. Natural language support but running in an English locale R is a collaborative project with many contributors. Type 'contributors()' for more information and 'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications. Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or 'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help. Type 'q()' to quit R. > capabilities() jpeg png tiff tcltk X11 aqua FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE http/ftp sockets libxml fifo cledit iconv TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE NLS profmem cairo ICU long.double libcurl TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
5、测试
> getwd()
[1] "/home/test"
> dir()
character(0)
> png("test.png")
Error in .External2(C_X11, paste0("png::", filename), g$width, g$height, :
unable to start device PNG
In addition: Warning message:
In png("test.png") : no png support in this version of R
> jpeg("test.jpg")
Error in .External2(C_X11, paste0("jpeg::", quality, ":", filename), g$width, :
unable to start device JPEG
In addition: Warning message:
In jpeg("test.jpg") : no jpeg support in this version of R
> bmp("test.bmp")
Error in .External2(C_X11, paste0("bmp::", filename), g$width, g$height, :
unable to start device BMP
In addition: Warning message:
In bmp("test.bmp") : unable to open connection to X11 display ''
> quit()
Save workspace image? [y/n/c]: n
6、
[root@centos8 test]# yum install libpng-devel libtiff-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel pango-devel libpng-devel -y
…………
…………
Verifying : freetype-2.9.1-4.el8_3.1.x86_64 23/24
Verifying : freetype-2.9.1-4.el8.x86_64 24/24
Installed products updated.
Upgraded:
freetype-2.9.1-4.el8_3.1.x86_64
Installed:
cairo-devel-1.15.12-3.el8.x86_64 expat-devel-2.2.5-4.el8.x86_64 fontconfig-devel-2.13.1-3.el8.x86_64
freetype-devel-2.9.1-4.el8_3.1.x86_64 fribidi-devel-1.0.4-8.el8.x86_64 glib2-devel-2.56.4-8.el8.x86_64
graphite2-devel-1.3.10-10.el8.x86_64 harfbuzz-devel-1.7.5-3.el8.x86_64 libXext-devel-1.3.4-1.el8.x86_64
libXft-devel-2.3.3-1.el8.x86_64 libXrender-devel-0.9.10-7.el8.x86_64 libicu-devel-60.3-2.el8_1.x86_64
libjpeg-turbo-devel-1.5.3-10.el8.x86_64 libpng-devel-2:1.6.34-5.el8.x86_64 libtiff-devel-4.0.9-18.el8.x86_64
libuuid-devel-2.32.1-24.el8.x86_64 pango-devel-1.42.4-6.el8.x86_64 pcre-cpp-8.42-4.el8.x86_64
pcre-devel-8.42-4.el8.x86_64 pcre-utf16-8.42-4.el8.x86_64 pcre-utf32-8.42-4.el8.x86_64
pixman-devel-0.38.4-1.el8.x86_64
Complete!
7、
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# cd /home/R-4.0.3/ ## R安装包所在目录
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# make uninstall
…………
…………
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/doc'
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/R-4.0.3/tools'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/tools'
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/R-4.0.3/m4'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'uninstall'.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/m4'
8、
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# ./configure --prefix=/home/software/R/ --enable-R-shlib
…………
…………
Interfaces supported: X11
External libraries: pcre2, readline, curl
Additional capabilities: PNG, JPEG, TIFF, NLS, cairo, ICU
Options enabled: shared R library, shared BLAS, R profiling
Capabilities skipped:
Options not enabled: memory profiling
Recommended packages: yes
configure: WARNING: you cannot build info or HTML versions of the R manuals
configure: WARNING: you cannot build PDF versions of the R manuals
configure: WARNING: you cannot build PDF versions of vignettes and help pages
9、
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# make
…………
…………
make[2]: Leaving directory '/tmp/Rjavareconf.OW1bvr'
JAVA_HOME : /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.275.b01-1.el8_3.x86_64/jre
Java library path: $(JAVA_HOME)/lib/amd64/server
JNI cpp flags : -I$(JAVA_HOME)/../include -I$(JAVA_HOME)/../include/linux
JNI linker flags : -L$(JAVA_HOME)/lib/amd64/server -ljvm
Updating Java configuration in /home/R-4.0.3
Done.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3'
10、
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# make install
…………
…………
mkdir -p -- /home/software/R/lib64/R/library
installing packages ...
building HTML index ...
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/src/library'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/src'
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/R-4.0.3/tests'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for 'install'.
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/R-4.0.3/tests'
11、测试R
[root@centos8 R-4.0.3]# cd /home/test/
[root@centos8 test]# R
R version 4.0.3 (2020-10-10) -- "Bunny-Wunnies Freak Out"
Copyright (C) 2020 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
Natural language support but running in an English locale
R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.
> capabilities()
jpeg png tiff tcltk X11 aqua
TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE
http/ftp sockets libxml fifo cledit iconv
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
NLS profmem cairo ICU long.double libcurl
TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
> dir()
character(0)
> png("test.png")
> plot(1:10,col="red",pch=15,cex=2)
> dev.off()
null device
1
> dir()
[1] "test.png"
> jpeg("test.jpg")
> plot(1:10,col="blue",pch=17,cex=2)
> dev.off()
null device
1
> dir()
[1] "test.jpg" "test.png"
> bmp("test.bmp")
> plot(1:10,col="purple",pch=18,cex=2)
> dev.off()
null device
1
> dir()
[1] "test.bmp" "test.jpg" "test.png"
问题解决。
参考：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_db13b2400102v5p2.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/liujiaxin2018/p/14357922.html
https://blog.csdn.net/wa2003/article/details/46310811/
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17243648/cant-display-png
