接口继承：
基类不用实现内部逻辑，只是为了规范子类，可以用abc模块中以添加装饰器的方式实现
1 import abc 2 class All_file(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): 3 4 @abc.abstractmethod 5 def read(self): 6 pass 7 8 @abc.abstractmethod 9 def write(self): 10 pass 11 12 class Disk(All_file): 13 def read(self): 14 print("Disk read") 15 def write(self): 16 pass 17 class Cdrom(All_file): 18 def read(self): 19 pass 20 def write(self): 21 pass 22 23 m1 = Disk() 24 m1.read() 25 m1.write()
在子类中调用父类方法：
1 class Vehiale: 2 country = "China" 3 def __init__(self,name,speed,load,power): 4 self.name = name 5 self.speed = speed 6 self.load = load 7 self.power = power 8 9 def run(self): 10 print("kaidongla") 11 12 class Subway(Vehiale): 13 def __init__(self,name,speed,load,power,line): 14 Vehiale.__init__(self,name,speed,load,power) 15 self.line = line 16 def show_info(self): 17 print(self.speed,self.line,self.load,self.name,self.power) 18 def run(self): 19 Vehiale.run(self) 20 print("%s %s 线,开动啦" %(self.name,self.line)) 21 22 line13=Subway("100m/s",13,1000,"北京地铁","电") 23 line13.show_info() 24 line13.run()
多态：
不同的实例可以去调用同一个方法，但实现的效果不同。
1 class H2O: 2 def __init__(self,name,temperature): 3 self.name = name 4 self.temperature = temperature 5 def turn_ice(self): 6 if self.temperature < 0: 7 print('[%s]温度太低结冰了'%self.name) 8 elif self.temperature > 0 and self.temperature < 100: 9 print('[%s]液化成水'%self.name) 10 elif self.temperature>100: 11 print('[%s]温度太高变成水蒸气了'%self.name) 12 13 class Water(H2O): 14 pass 15 class Ice(H2O): 16 pass 17 class Steam(H2O): 18 pass 19 20 21 22 w1 = Water('水',25) 23 i1 = Ice('冰',-20) 24 s1 = Steam('蒸汽',300) 25 26 # w1.turn_ice() 27 # i1.turn_ice() 28 # s1.turn_ice() 29 #多态反映的是一种运行时候的状态 30 def func(obj): 31 obj.turn_ice() 32 33 func(w1) 34 func(i1) 35 func(s1)
