RabbitMQ第四篇：Spring集成RabbitMQ
前面几篇讲解了如何使用rabbitMq，这一篇主要讲解spring集成rabbitmq。
首先引入配置文件org.springframework.amqp，如下
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
<version>1.6.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
一：配置消费者和生成者公共部分
<rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbit.hosts}"
port="${rabbit.port}" username="${rabbit.username}" password="${rabbit.password}" virtual-host="${rabbit.virtualHost}"
channel-cache-size="50"/>
<rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
<!--定义消息队列-->
<rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.1" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
<rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.2" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
<rabbit:queue name="spittle.alert.queue.3" durable="true" auto-delete="false"/>
<!--绑定队列-->
<rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spittle.fanout" name="spittle.fanout" durable="true">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.1"></rabbit:binding>
<rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.2"></rabbit:binding>
<rabbit:binding queue="spittle.alert.queue.3"></rabbit:binding>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:fanout-exchange>
二：配置生成者
<import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>
<!--创建消息队列模板-->
<rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
exchange="spittle.fanout" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter">
</rabbit:template>
<bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>
三：生产者程序
public class Spittle implements Serializable {
private Long id;
private Spitter spitter;
private String message;
private Date postedTime;
public Spittle(Long id, Spitter spitter, String message, Date postedTime) {
this.id = id;
this.spitter = spitter;
this.message = message;
this.postedTime = postedTime;
}
public Long getId() {
return this.id;
}
public String getMessage() {
return this.message;
}
public Date getPostedTime() {
return this.postedTime;
}
public Spitter getSpitter() {
return this.spitter;
}
}
public class ProducerMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-producer.xml");
AmqpTemplate template = (AmqpTemplate) context.getBean("rabbitTemplate");
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("Sending message #" + i);
Spittle spittle = new Spittle((long) i, null, "Hello world (" + i + ")", new Date());
template.convertAndSend(spittle);
Thread.sleep(5000);
}
System.out.println("Done!");
}
}
其中convertAndSend方法默认第一个参数是交换机名称，第二个参数是路由名称，第三个才是我们发送的数据，现在我们启动程序，效果如下
第四个：消费者程序
首先编写一个用于监听生产者发送信息的代码
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2016/11/18.
*/
public class SpittleAlertHandler implements MessageListener {
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String body=new String(message.getBody(),"UTF-8");
System.out.println(body);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
一定要注意实现MessageListener，我们只需要获取message的body即可，通过json来转换我们需要的程序（比如我们可以发送一个map，map存放方法和实体，这样我们可以通过反射来调用不同的程序来运行）。
下面我们配置消费者
<import resource="amqp-share.xml"/>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
<rabbit:listener ref="spittleListener" method="onMessage" queues="spittle.alert.queue.1,spittle.alert.queue.3,spittle.alert.queue.2"/>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<bean id="spittleListener" class="com.lp.summary.rabbitmq.impl.SpittleAlertHandler"/>
其中spittleListener是监听的程序，method是执行的方法，queues是我们监听的队列，多个队列可以逗号隔开（因为我们采用的是分发，所以三个队列获取的消息是相同的，这里为了简便我放在一个监听程序中了，其实我们可以写三个消费者，每个消费者监听一个队列）
现在只需要启动程序即可运行
public class ConsumerMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("amqp/amqp-consumer.xml");
}
}
当然direct跟上面的情况差不多，只不过这个是根据路由匹配，先把数据发送到交换机，然后绑定路由和队列，通过交换机id和路由来找到队列，下面是一些主要的配置
<rabbit:queue id="spring-test-queue1" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false" name="spring-test-queue1"></rabbit:queue>
<rabbit:queue name="spring-test-queue2" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"></rabbit:queue>
<!--交换机定义-->
<!--rabbit:direct-exchange：定义exchange模式为direct，
意思就是消息与一个特定的路由键完全匹配，才会转发。
rabbit:binding：设置消息queue匹配的key-->
<rabbit:direct-exchange name="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" durable="true" auto-delete="false" id="${rabbit.exchange.direct}">
<rabbit:bindings>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue1" key="spring.test.queueKey1"/>
<rabbit:binding queue="spring-test-queue2" key="spring.test.queueKey2"/>
</rabbit:bindings>
</rabbit:direct-exchange>
<!--spring template声明-->
<rabbit:template exchange="${rabbit.exchange.direct}" id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"></rabbit:template>
<!--消息对象转成成json-->
<bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.JsonMessageConverter"></bean>
下面是消费者监听配置
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue1" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
</rabbit:listener-container>
<rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<rabbit:listener queues="spring-test-queue2" method="onMessage" ref="queueListenter"></rabbit:listener>
</rabbit:listener-container>
下面是程序
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-rabbitmq-producer.xml");
MQProducer mqProducer=(MQProducer) context.getBean("mqProducer");
mqProducer.sendDateToQueue("spring.test.queueKey1","Hello World spring.test.queueKey1");
mqProducer.sendDateToQueue("spring.test.queueKey2","Hello World spring.test.queueKey2");
}
实际情况可能需要我们去分离消费者和生成者的程序。当然spring还有负载均衡的配置，这里就不多介绍了。
