Maven多模块,Dubbo分布式服务框架,SpringMVC,前后端分离项目,基础搭建,搭建过程出现的问题
Maven多模块,Dubbo分布式服务框架,SpringMVC,前后端分离项目,基础搭建,搭建过程出现的问题
首先说一下这篇文章的主要内容分为:
1、Maven多模块项目的创建;
2、Maven与SpringMVC的整合;
3、Dubbo的环境配置及与整合;
4、新手在整合过程易犯的错误。
通过一个简单的demo来说明,大家多多指教,分享经验!
一、Maven多模块项目的创建
我们需要建立一个多模块的maven项目,其目录结构为
其中student-api用于暴露接口;student-service用语处理业务逻辑及调用数据访问对象,返回相应数据;student-web主要用于提供dubbo服务,及其他db、spring、springMVC、mybatis等配置。这样设计能够将业务逻辑与数据访问隔离开,同时贴合了spring目标之一,就是允许我们在开发应用的程序时,能够遵循面向对象(OO)原则中的“针对接口编程”,很大程度上达到松耦合。这里将接口API隔离出来作为dubbo生产者的服务接口,供消费应用调用(在后续详细讲解)。
1.新建Maven项目
2.选择项目存放路径后,选择创建一个简单的maven项目
3.填写GroupId和ArtifactId,注意选择或者填写版本号
点击完成后,建立好了student-demo项目。之后删除项目src目录,打开pom.xml将<packaging>jar</packaging>修改为<packaging>pom</packaging>,pom表示它是一个被继承的模块。修改后的pom.xml如下
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <packaging>pom</packaging>
- <name>student-demo</name>
- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- </properties>
- <!--模块建立好以后自动生成的-->
- <modules>
- <module>student-service</module>
- <module>student-api</module>
- <module>student-web</module>
- </modules>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junit</groupId>
- <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
- <version>3.8.1</version>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </project>
在建成的项目student-demo上右键选择Maven Module后创建子项目student-api。
填写子模块名字:
项目类型选择:
点击完成,建立好第一个模块后,同样的过程建立好student-service模块和student-web模块,需要注意的是student-web选择的maven类型是:
修改子模块项目目录中的pom.xml文件,把<groupId>XXX</groupId>和<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>去掉,加上<packaging>jar</packaging>,因为groupId和version会继承student-demo中的groupId和version,packaging设置打包方式为jar。例如修改后的student-service模块的pom.xml如下:
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <parent>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </parent>
- <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
- <packaging>jar</packaging>
- </project>
至此,maven多模块项目已经创建完成,现在我们需要在student-demo项目的pom中增加<dependencyManagement>标签定义可被子项目继承的第三方依赖包,打包配置,资源插件等,同时注意统一定义依赖的版本,避免冲突。这里还利用Maven配置了profiles,可根据情况增加不同的运行环境,并方便快捷地切换项目运行环境,目前我们只设置了dev开发环境。
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <packaging>pom</packaging>
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <dep.ver.lombok>1.16.10</dep.ver.lombok>
- <dep.ver.druid>1.0.1</dep.ver.druid>
- <dep.ver.mysql>5.1.21</dep.ver.mysql>
- <dep.ver.springframework>4.2.5.RELEASE</dep.ver.springframework>
- <dep.ver.mybatis>3.3.0</dep.ver.mybatis>
- <dep.ver.mybatis-spring>1.3.0</dep.ver.mybatis-spring>
- <dep.ver.pagehelper>4.1.6</dep.ver.pagehelper>
- <dep.ver.aspectjrt>1.5.4</dep.ver.aspectjrt>
- <dep.ver.aspectjweaver>1.8.0</dep.ver.aspectjweaver>
- <dep.ver.servlet>3.1.0</dep.ver.servlet>
- <dep.ver.orika-core>1.4.6</dep.ver.orika-core>
- <dep.ver.javassist>3.20.0-GA</dep.ver.javassist>
- <dep.ver.paranamer>2.7</dep.ver.paranamer>
- <dep.ver.concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru>1.4.2</dep.ver.concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru>
- <dep.ver.gson>2.2.4</dep.ver.gson>
- <dep.ver.guava>15.0</dep.ver.guava>
- <dep.ver.slf4j>1.7.21</dep.ver.slf4j>
- <dep.ver.logback>1.1.7</dep.ver.logback>
- <dep.ver.log4j>1.2.12</dep.ver.log4j>
- <dep.ver.slf4j-log4j12>1.7.5</dep.ver.slf4j-log4j12>
- <dep.ver.logback-ext-spring>0.1.2</dep.ver.logback-ext-spring>
- <dep.ver.dubbo>2.5.3</dep.ver.dubbo>
- <dep.ver.zookeeper>3.4.8</dep.ver.zookeeper>
- <dep.ver.zkclient>0.8</dep.ver.zkclient>
- <dep.ver.commons-lang3>3.1</dep.ver.commons-lang3>
- <dep.ver.jackson>1.9.12</dep.ver.jackson>
- <dep.ver.shiro>1.2.3</dep.ver.shiro>
- <dep.ver.freemarker>2.3.22</dep.ver.freemarker>
- <dep.ver.commons-beanutils>1.9.2</dep.ver.commons-beanutils>
- <dep.ver.junit>4.11</dep.ver.junit>
- <dep.ver.mockito>1.10.19</dep.ver.mockito>
- <dep.ver.joda-time>2.9.3</dep.ver.joda-time>
- <dep.ver.commons-collections4>4.1</dep.ver.commons-collections4>
- <dep.ver.httpclient>4.5.2</dep.ver.httpclient>
- <dep.ver.fastjson>1.2.11</dep.ver.fastjson>
- <plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin>2.7</plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin>
- <plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin>2.5.1</plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin>
- <plg.ver.maven-source-plugin>3.0.0</plg.ver.maven-source-plugin>
- <plg.ver.lombok-maven-plugin>1.14.8.0</plg.ver.lombok-maven-plugin>
- <jdk.ver>1.8</jdk.ver>
- <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
- <center.project.name>${project.artifactId}</center.project.name>
- <profiles.dir>src/profiles</profiles.dir>
- <jackson.version>2.6.0</jackson.version>
- </properties>
- <modules>
- <module>student-service</module>
- <module>student-api</module>
- <module>student-web</module>
- </modules>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
- <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
- <version>5.2.4.Final</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- <dependencyManagement>
- <dependencies>
- <!-- spring -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- spring -->
- <!-- db -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.druid}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.mysql}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- db -->
- <!-- mybatis -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.mybatis}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.mybatis-spring}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
- <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.pagehelper}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- mybatis -->
- <!-- apache -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.commons-lang3}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- apache -->
- <!-- commons-beanutils -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.commons-beanutils}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <!-- commons-beanutils -->
- <!-- log -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.slf4j}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
- <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.logback}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- log -->
- <!-- dubbo -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.dubbo}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- </exclusion>
- <exclusion>
- <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
- <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <!-- dubbo -->
- <!-- zookeeper -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
- <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.zookeeper}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>log4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
- <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.zkclient}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>log4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <!-- zookeeper -->
- <!-- jackson -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.jackson}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.jackson}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- jackson -->
- <!-- aspectj -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.aspectjrt}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.aspectjweaver}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- aspectj -->
- <!-- servlet -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
- <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.servlet}</version>
- <scope>provided</scope>
- </dependency>
- <!-- servlet -->
- <!-- javassist -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
- <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.javassist}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- javassist -->
- <!-- test start -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junit</groupId>
- <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.junit}</version>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.springframework}</version>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
- <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.mockito}</version>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- <!-- test end -->
- <!-- google -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
- <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.gson}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
- <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.guava}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- google -->
- <!-- lombok -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
- <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.lombok}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- lombok -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.commons-collections4}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
- <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.httpclient}</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </dependencyManagement>
- <profiles>
- <profile>
- <id>local</id>
- <build>
- <resources>
- <resource>
- <directory>${profiles.dir}/local</directory>
- </resource>
- </resources>
- </build>
- </profile>
- <profile>
- <id>dev</id>
- <build>
- <resources>
- <resource>
- <directory>${profiles.dir}/dev</directory>
- </resource>
- </resources>
- </build>
- </profile>
- </profiles>
- <build>
- <finalName>${center.project.name}</finalName>
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
- <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
- <version>${plg.ver.maven-resources-plugin}</version>
- <configuration>
- <encoding>${encoding}</encoding>
- </configuration>
- </plugin>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
- <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
- <version>${plg.ver.maven-compiler-plugin}</version>
- <configuration>
- <source>${jdk.ver}</source>
- <target>${jdk.ver}</target>
- <encoding>${encoding}</encoding>
- </configuration>
- </plugin>
- <plugin>
- <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
- <version>${plg.ver.maven-source-plugin}</version>
- <configuration>
- <attach>true</attach>
- </configuration>
- <executions>
- <execution>
- <phase>compile</phase>
- <goals>
- <goal>jar</goal>
- </goals>
- </execution>
- </executions>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
- <resources>
- <resource>
- <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
- <filtering>true</filtering>
- </resource>
- </resources>
- </build>
- </project>
在student-api中继承父pom的依赖,并且直接引入。
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <parent>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </parent>
- <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.fastjson}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
- <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- google -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
- <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
- <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- google -->
- </dependencies>
- </project>
在student-service中添加继承依赖,添加对student-api的依赖。
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <parent>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </parent>
- <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>${dep.ver.fastjson}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- oss相关依赖 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
- <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
- <version>2.0.7</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <!-- oss相关依赖 结束 -->
- <!-- db -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- db -->
- <!-- mybatis -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
- <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- mybatis -->
- <!-- spring配置 -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- spring配置 -->
- <!-- jackson -->
- <!-- <dependency> -->
- <!-- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> -->
- <!-- <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> -->
- <!-- </dependency> -->
- <!-- <dependency> -->
- <!-- <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> -->
- <!-- <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> -->
- <!-- </dependency> -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
- <version>${jackson.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
- <version>${jackson.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
- <version>${jackson.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <!-- jackson -->
- <!-- log -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
- <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- log -->
- <!-- google -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
- <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- <dependency> -->
- <!-- <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId> -->
- <!-- <artifactId>gson</artifactId> -->
- <!-- </dependency> -->
- <!-- google -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
- <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
- <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- aspectj -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <!-- aspectj -->
- <!-- dubbo -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- </exclusion>
- <exclusion>
- <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
- <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
- <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
- <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <!-- dubbo -->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
- <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cglib</groupId>
- <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
- <version>3.1</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </project>
在student-web中继承依赖,添加对student-api,student-service的依赖。注意子项目依赖版本都为<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <parent>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-demo</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </parent>
- <artifactId>student-web</artifactId>
- <packaging>war</packaging>
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junit</groupId>
- <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-service</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- <build>
- <finalName>student-web</finalName>
- </build>
- </project>
二、Maven与SpringMVC的整合
1.第一部分已经在项目pom文件中配置了spring的相关依赖
2.在student-web项目根路径上添加profiles源目录及配置文件
注意是建立源文件不是普通文件夹。
然后在此源文件夹下建立普通文件夹props,用于存放配置文件。在props下新建db-config.properties资源文件,用于配置mysql,其配置内容为:
1 database.database=mysql 2 database.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 3 database.url=jdbc:mysql://172.0.0.1:3306/student_data?characterEncoding=utf8 4 database.user=root 5 database.password=root 6 database.show_sql=true
在mysql数据库中建立一张简单的student数据表,其结构为:
3.在student-web的src/main/resources目录中新建spring文件夹,新建spring-base.xml和spring-dispatcher.xml。其中值得说明一下的是,spring监听器ContextLoaderListener和控制器DispatcherServlet会加载应用上下文。其中上下文参数contextConfigLocation的value值是根应用上下文路径classpath:spring/spring-base.xml,它会被ContextLoaderListener加载bean定义。spring-base.xml中的内容为:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
- <!-- 开启aspectj自动注解 -->
- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true" />
- <context:component-scan base-package="org.student" />
- <context:annotation-config />
- <!-- 配置文件加载 -->
- <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
- class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
- <property name="order" value="1" />
- <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
- <property name="locations">
- <list>
- <value>classpath:props/db-config.properties</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <import resource="classpath:spring/spring-db.xml" />
- </beans>
同样DispatcherServlet会从classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml加载它的bean。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
- <mvc:annotation-driven>
- <mvc:message-converters>
- <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter " />
- </mvc:message-converters>
- </mvc:annotation-driven>
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
- <!-- 相当于注册了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter两个bean,配置一些messageconverter。即解决了@Controller注解的使用前提配置 -->
- </beans>
4.在Web.xml中声明DispatcherServlet
SpringMVC所有请求都会通过一个前端控制器DispatcherServlet,通过这个控制器将请求委托给应用程序的其它执行单元来处理,所以需要通过web.xml来注册。打开student-web项目目录下src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml,修改web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
- id="schedule-console" version="3.0">
- <display-name>student-web</display-name>
- <!-- web.xml中加载顺序是 context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet -->
- <!-- spring基础配置文件位置 -->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-base.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <!-- Spring监听 -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- 设置servlet编码开始 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 设置servlet编码结束 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- </web-app>
5.spring与Mybatis的整合
在student-web的src/main/resources目录中新建mybatis文件夹,再在此目录新建mybatis.xml和mapper文件夹。在spring文件夹下新建spring-db.xml用于spring加载mybatis配置。spring-db.xml内容如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
- <!-- 采用druid作为连接池 -->
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
- init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
- <!-- 基本属性 url、user、password -->
- <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driverClassName}" />
- <property name="url" value="${database.url}" />
- <property name="username" value="${database.user}" />
- <property name="password" value="${database.password}" />
- <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
- <property name="initialSize" value="1" />
- <property name="minIdle" value="1" />
- <property name="maxActive" value="20" />
- <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
- <property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
- <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
- <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
- <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 -->
- <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
- <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" />
- <property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
- <property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
- <property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
- <!-- 打开PSCache,并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 -->
- <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
- <property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
- value="20" />
- <!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters -->
- <property name="filters" value="stat" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 配置mybatis的sqlSessionFactory -->
- <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis.xml" />
- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml" />
- </bean>
- <!-- mybatis mapper接口扫描 -->
- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
- <property name="basePackage" value="org.student.service.mapper" />
- <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="transactionManager"
- class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 开启@Transactional事务注解 -->
- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
- </beans>
三、Dubbo的环境配置及与整合
我们已经搭建好student-demo项目来作为provider,为其它服务提供接口,所以我们需要先配置好dubbo提供者,PS:这里不会讲解zookeeper的搭建,请自行百度。其项目结构为:
1.首先在student-web中配置dubbo
由于我们已经在student-demo中添加了dubbo和zookeeper的相关依赖,下一步字啊resources目录中建立dubbo文件夹,再新建dubbo-producer.xml,同时在profiles的dev环境中添加dubbo-producer.properties配置文件,设置zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址,配置group分组,服务端口,注册中心请求超时时间(毫秒)和版本。其中组别+接口地址+版本号唯一的标识了一个接口。文件内容为:
1 student-registry-address=172.0.0.1:2181 2 student-group=student-min 3 student-service-port=22026 4 student-timeout=120000 5 student-version=1.0.0
这样我们就可以来配置dubbo-producer.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
- http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
- http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:props/dubbo-producer.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
- <dubbo:application name="provider-student-demo"/>
- <dubbo:registry address="${student-registry-address}" protocol="zookeeper"/>
- <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="${student-service-port}" accesslog="true" />
- </beans>
2.写一个简单的服务接口
1)首先在student-service中建立Student实体类
- package org.student.bean;
- public class Student {
- private Long id;
- private String name;
- private Integer age;
- public Long getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Long id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Integer getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(Integer age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- }
2)同时在student-api中建立与实体bean对应的DTO类实现Serializable接口,并重写toString方法。一般为了不破坏实体类和数据库表一一对应的接口,我们会新建一个DTO实体类,并且加入一些冗余的字段,作为前后端的传输对象。
- package org.student.api.dto;
- import java.io.Serializable;
- public class StudentDTO implements Serializable{
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- private Long id;
- private String name;
- private Integer age;
- public Long getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Long id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Integer getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(Integer age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "id = " + id + ", name = " + name + ",age = " + age;
- }
- }
3)在student-api中建立StudentApi接口,值得注意的是@service注解中的对象
- package org.student.api;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.student.api.dto.StudentDTO;
- public interface StudentApi {
- List<StudentDTO> listStudents();
- }
4)在dubbo-producer.xml中注册StudentApi,添加配置:
<dubbo:service interface="org.student.api.StudentApi" ref="studentApi" group="${student-group}" version="${student-version}" timeout="${student-timeout}" />
5)从service业务逻辑层子模块开始编写接口实现,新建在student-service中新建StudentBiz实现StudentApi接口
- package org.student.service.biz;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.student.api.StudentApi;
- import org.student.api.dto.StudentDTO;
- import org.student.bean.Student;
- import org.student.service.StudentService;
- import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
- @Service("studentApi")
- public class StudentBiz implements StudentApi{
- private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StudentBiz.class);
- @Autowired
- private StudentService studentService;
- @Override
- public List<StudentDTO> listStudents() {
- List<Student> listStudent = studentService.listStudent();
- List<StudentDTO> listStudentDTO = Lists.newArrayList();
- for(Student student: listStudent){
- StudentDTO studentDTO = new StudentDTO();
- studentDTO.setId(student.getId());
- studentDTO.setAge(student.getAge());
- studentDTO.setName(student.getName());
- listStudentDTO.add(studentDTO);
- }
- return listStudentDTO;
- }
- }
6)在student-service中创建service层接口StudentService
- package org.student.service;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.student.bean.Student;
- @Service
- public interface StudentService {
- List<Student> listStudent();
- }
7)在student-service中实现StudentService接口
- package org.student.service.impl;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import org.student.bean.Student;
- import org.student.service.StudentService;
- import org.student.service.mapper.StudentMapper;
- @Service("studentService")
- public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
- @Resource
- private StudentMapper studentMapper;
- @Override
- public List<Student> listStudent() {
- List<Student> listStudent = studentMapper.listStudent();
- return listStudent;
- }
- }
8)在student-service中创建数据层StudentMapper接口
- package org.student.service.mapper;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.student.bean.Student;
- public interface StudentMapper {
- List<Student> listStudent();
- }
9)在student-web中创建实体映射的XML文件,注意StudentMapper类与sql ID的对应关系
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
- <mapper namespace="org.student.service.mapper.StudentMapper">
- <!--查询字段-->
- <sql id="columns">
- a.id,
- a.name,
- a.age
- </sql>
- <!--查询结果集-->
- <resultMap id="beanMap" type="org.student.bean.Student">
- <result property="id" column="id"/>
- <result property="name" column="name"/>
- <result property="age" column="age"/>
- </resultMap>
- <!--根据主键获取实体-->
- <select id="listStudent" resultMap="beanMap">
- SELECT
- <include refid="columns"/>
- FROM
- student a
- </select>
- </mapper>
dubbo提供者已创建完成,创建完成子应用结构为
1)dubbo-consumer.properties的service-group应该与提供者一致,否者找不到提供者方的接口。
同时pom.xml中需要增加对的依赖
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.student.demo</groupId>
- <artifactId>student-api</artifactId>
- <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- </dependency>
- student-registry-address=172.0.0.1:2181
- student-service-group=student-min
- student-service-version=1.0.0
- student-service-timeout=120000
2)spring-dubbo-consumer.xml的配置及接口调用方式
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
- http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
- http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
- <dubbo:application name="consumer-student-test" />
- <dubbo:registry address="${student-registry-address}" protocol="zookeeper" />
- <dubbo:reference id="studentApi" interface="org.student.api.StudentApi"
- group="${student-service-group}" version="${student-service-version}"
- check="false" />
- </beans>
3)调用者的controller层
- package org.student.controller;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
- import org.student.api.StudentApi;
- @RestController
- @RequestMapping("/student")
- public class StudentController {
- private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StudentController.class);
- @Resource
- private StudentApi studentApi;
- @RequestMapping(path = "/listStudent", method = RequestMethod.POST)
- public void listStudent(){
- logger.info("get students...");
- logger.info("the data are " + studentApi.listStudents());
- }
- }
4)服务器同时启动provider和consumer,会看到启动信息
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>查看zookeeper注册中心发现提供者消费者都已成功注册
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20161110162252922?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" width="800" height="30" alt="" />
- <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20161110162424347?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" width="800" height="90" alt="" />
- 由于我并没有写view层来展示数据,现在只能通过控制台的日志信息来简单测试接口。(logback的用法不做解释)利用浏览器post请求访问
- ://172.0.0.1:8080/student-test/student/listStudent,控制台输出为
- [http-nio-8080-exec-2] INFO 2016-11-07 18:33:24.450 o.s.c.StudentController[24] - get students...
- [DubboServerHandler-172.28.19.7:22026-thread-2] INFO 2016-11-07 18:33:24.729 d.a.o.s.a.StudentApi[58] - [DUBBO] [2016-11-07 18:3:24] 172.28.19.7:56346 -> 172.28.19.7:22026 - student-min/org.student.api.StudentApi:1.0.0 listStudents() , dubbo version: 2.5.3, current host: 127.0.0.1
- [http-nio-8080-exec-2] INFO 2016-11-07 18:33:25.026 o.s.c.StudentController[25] - the data are [id = 1, name = 张三,age = 20]
四、新手在整合过程易犯的错误。
1.ClassNotFound异常
- 严重: Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1332)
- at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1166)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClass(DefaultInstanceManager.java:518)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.loadClassMaybePrivileged(DefaultInstanceManager.java:499)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.DefaultInstanceManager.newInstance(DefaultInstanceManager.java:118)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4764)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5303)
- at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1407)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1397)
- at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
eclipse会自动将deployment assembly指定的工程,打成jar包,放入到web-inf/lib目录下,tomcat在发布项目的时候没有同时发布maven依赖所添加的jar包,但是如果在deployment assembly没有配置相应的依赖包,就会抛出异常。解决方法:项目 —> properties -> Deployment Assembly -> Add -> Java Build Path Entries -> 选择Maven Dependencies -> Finish -> OK 把对应的Maven依赖包也发布到tomcat,调试时会自动把那些jar发布到指定目录下,tomcat也能找到那些jar了。
另外,同样的报错可能由于不同的原因造成,如果没有激活Maven profile也会报这种错误,激活profile的方式有很多,通过命令首先需要在pom.xml中用<profiles>配置(详细配置请查看上文)再通过命令行:
mvn install -Pdev #激活dev环境
也可以通过eclipse的配置:项目-->properties-->Maven-->填写profile名-->apply-->finish
2.启动student-web,spring创建bean对象失败
- 十一月 07, 2016 8:19:24 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
- 严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.student.api.StudentApi': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'studentApi' while setting bean property 'ref'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'studentApi' is defined
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:359)
- ...
- at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839)
- ...
- Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'studentApi' is defined
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:698)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1175)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:284)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:351)
- ...
spring有强大的注解帮助我们简化很大部分代码,并降低的耦合。@Autowired或@Resource在 Bean 类中使用自动注入功能,但是 Bean 还是在 XML 文件中通过 <bean> 进行定义 —— 也就是说,在 XML 配置文件中定义 Bean,通过@Autowired或@Resource为 Bean 的成员变量、方法入参或构造函数入参提供自动注入的功能。以前通过在spring文件中配置<bean>的方式被移除,仅需要添加一行 <context:component-scan/> 配置就解决所有问题了——Spring XML 配置文件得到了极致的简化。<context:component-scan/> 的 base-package 属性指定了需要扫描的类包,类包及其递归子包中所有的类都会被处理。解决:在spring-base.xml中添加
<context:component-scan base-package="org.student" />
3.消费者访问dubbo接口被拒绝
- 严重: Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcher] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Forbid consumer 172.0.0.1 access service org.student.api.StudentApi from registry 172.0.0.1:2181 use dubbo version 2.5.3, Please check registry access list (whitelist/blacklist).] with root cause
- com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.RpcException: Forbid consumer 172.0.0.1 access service org.student.api.StudentApi from registry 172.0.0.1:2181 use dubbo version 2.5.3, Please check registry access list (whitelist/blacklist). at com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.integration.RegistryDirectory.doList(RegistryDirectory.java:579) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.directory.AbstractDirectory.list(AbstractDirectory.java:73) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.list(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:260) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke(AbstractClusterInvoker.java:219) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.cluster.support.wrapper.MockClusterInvoker.invoke(MockClusterInvoker.java:72) at com.alibaba.dubbo.rpc.proxy.InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke(InvokerInvocationHandler.java:52) at com.alibaba.dubbo.common.bytecode.proxy0.listStudents(proxy0.java) at org.student.controller.StudentController.listStudent(StudentController.java:25) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
- ....
如果消费者访问的接口路径不正确,则无法调用接口。出现这种错误是我没有把消费者的组设置成提供者的组,解决方法是group保持一致
4.访问所有接口都报404错误
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:28.507 o.s.w.s.DispatcherServlet[488] - FrameworkServlet 'dispatcher': initialization started
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:28.518 o.s.w.c.s.XmlWebApplicationContext[578] - Refreshing WebApplicationContext for namespace 'dispatcher-servlet': startup date [Tue Nov 08 12:42:28 CST 2016]; parent: Root WebApplicationContext
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:28.519 o.s.b.f.x.XmlBeanDefinitionReader[317] - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/spring-dispatcher.xml]
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:28.657 o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory[839] - Overriding bean definition for bean 'org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping' with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null] with [Root bean: class [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null]
- ...
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:29.545 o.s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter[532] - Looking for @ControllerAdvice: WebApplicationContext for namespace 'dispatcher-servlet': startup date [Tue Nov 08 12:42:28 CST 2016]; parent: Root WebApplicationContext
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:29.810 o.s.w.s.v.v.VelocityConfigurer[140] - ClasspathResourceLoader with name 'springMacro' added to configured VelocityEngine
- INFO 2016-11-08 12:42:30.193 o.s.w.s.DispatcherServlet[507] - FrameworkServlet 'dispatcher': initialization completed in 1684 ms
- WARN 2016-11-08 12:42:30.206 o.s.w.s.PageNotFound[1136] - No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/student/listStudent] in DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcher'
这个错误我找了很久才发现,并不是简单的访问路径错误。仔细查看日志信息会发现spring加载dispatcher的过程,截取在web.xml中配置
<!--spring加载--> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-base.xml</param-value> </context-param> ...
<!--springMVC加载-->
<servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-dispatcher.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
在Tomcat启动时,web.xml中加载顺序是 context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet,ContextLoaderListener基于Web上下文级别的监听器在启动服务器时就创建ApplicationContext并且将配置的Spring Bean加载到XML中。DispatcherServlet是一个请求分发控制器,所有匹配的URL都会通过该Servlet分发执行,在创建Servlet对象时会初始化Spring MVC相关配置。spring-dispatcher.xml中定义了控制器映射,使用Controller+RequestMapping注解映射时,相关controller组件扫描要定义在spring-dispatcher.xml中,而非spring-base.xml中。依据这样的分析,我去查看了student-test项目中spring-dispatcher.xml和spring-base.xml的配置,发现spring-base.xml配置了
<context:component-scan base-package="org.student"/>
而在spring-dispatcher.xml中未配置扫描路径。所以spring无法加载controller中的映射,自然会404了,解决方式则是在spring-dispatcher.xml中加上扫描。
博客推荐:
http://blessht.iteye.com/blog/2121845