考研英语核心词汇辨析（黑魔方系列2007版之三）
aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensify
这一组动词都有"加强"的意思。
aggravate v.加重(负担、罪行、病情等)，使之恶化。
I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的脚受伤了，而过早的下地走路又加重了伤情。
reinforce v.增援，一般用于军队或警察的行动；(以添加材料等)加固。
A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三个盗贼抢劫银行，用无线电话要求增援。
increase v.指数量上的增加。
The number of people has been increased.人数增加了。
strengthen v.加强，巩固，增强，相当于to become stronger。
Exercising every day strengthens the heart.每天锻炼可以提高心脏的功能。
Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it.人们认为竞争加强了民族性而不是破坏了它。
intensify v.使变得更强烈、剧烈，加剧，相当于to become more intense or intensive。
intensify colors加深色彩intensify hatred加深仇恨
alert, cautious, considerate
这一组形容词都表示"小心的，谨慎的"。
alert a.警惕的，留神的。
The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests' drinking need.女主人一直站在旁边，时刻准备给大家斟酒。
cautious a.细心的，谨慎的。
He has a cautious attitude about spending money.在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。
considerate a.关心他人的，体贴的。
He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他总是很体谅他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。
alive, live, living, lively
这一组形容词都跟"活"有关。
alive a.活着的，有活力的，常作表语，作定语时必须后置。
After the accident, he was barely alive.交通事故后，他奄奄一息。
all man alive所有活着的人
live a.活的，有活力的，现场直播的，
We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV.我们通过电视观看了这部歌剧的实况。
living a.活着的，作定语可前可后，可修饰人也可修饰物。
Who is the world's greatest living artist?谁是现在还健在的世界上最伟大的艺术家？
living room起居室
lively a.活泼的，栩栩如生的。
She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是个活泼可爱的小姑娘，总是欢声笑语忙个不停。
alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline
这一组动词都有"减少，减轻"的意思。
alleviate v.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和
The painkiller alleviated the pain.止疼药减缓了疼痛。
diminish v.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。
The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于战争石油的供应减少了。
reduce v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。
He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他缩减了他们的开销。
decrease v.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。
The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口数量急剧下降。
decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。
Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。
He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。
allocate, separate, detach, divide
这一组动词都有"分开"的意思。
allocate v.分配，把……拨给。
The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this year's budget.市政府在今年的预算中给学校和警察部门分配了资金。
separate v.人为地分开，使隔离开。
We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks.我们把沙拉叉与餐叉分隔开。
detach v.拆开组合的物体；远离，疏远。
We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall.我们需要一名木匠将书架从墙上拆下来。
divide v.指将整体分为若干个部分。
The huge corporation dividedsintossmaller companies.这家特大公司分成一些较小的公司。
ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim
这一组形容词都有"模糊"的意思。
ambiguous a.意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。
His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。
obscure a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。
The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾兹拉·庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。
vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。
He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。
unclear a.指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。
Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。
It is unclear whether the economy will get better.经济是否好转仍不明朗。
dim a.光线暗淡的，看不清的；记忆力模糊的；不大可能的。
Don't work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光线下工作。
His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康复的可能性十分渺茫。
amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand
amplify v.扩大，增加，尤其指通过增强电压或电流使声音扩大；补充叙述(故事、事件等)。
We must ask you to amplify your statement.我们得请你对你的说法作进一步的说明。
enlarge v.扩大，多指具体物品如相片的放大。
enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house扩建房屋
stretch v. (有弹性地)伸展，延伸，并有可能超过限度；伸长、伸出(身体某部位)并绷紧肌肉(尤指在放松后或为了够着某物)。
The pullover stretched after I had worn it a few times.这件套头毛衣我穿了几次之后就撑大了。
Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早间工作之后，职员们站到桌子后面伸伸懒腰。
magnify v.放大，指用透镜或显微镜使物体看上去大一些。
His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能够阅读。
reinforce v.增援，加固。
expand v.指范围、体积的扩大、增大，也可以指内容或细节的充实。
The balloon expanded, then exploded.气球先是膨胀，然后就爆破了。
anger, fury, indignation, resentment
这一组名词都有"愤怒、生气"的意思。
anger n.气愤，生气，是一般用语。
After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.争吵之后，他一拳打在那个人的脸上以发泄怒气。
fury n.暴怒，大怒，程度较anger要强。
indignation n.义愤，尤其指出于道义上的激愤。
general indignation at the sudden steep rise in bus fares公共汽车票价突然猛增激起的公愤
resentment n.愤恨，怨恨，不满，是正式用语，尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到伤害后而产生的愤慨。
There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyone's pay was lowered.大家的工资降低后，办公室里怨声载道。
apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct
这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。
apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤其指容易观察到或认识到的事物。
He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴，显然他现在想走了。
evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。
It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的，在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。
manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。
Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众，但长相并不动人。
obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。
It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然，那个妇女酒喝的太多了。
distinct a.清楚的，明显的；不同的，独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。
Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。
From: http://www.hxen.com/word/kaoyan/2008-02-19/25682.html
这一组动词都有"加强"的意思。
aggravate v.加重(负担、罪行、病情等)，使之恶化。
I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的脚受伤了，而过早的下地走路又加重了伤情。
reinforce v.增援，一般用于军队或警察的行动；(以添加材料等)加固。
A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三个盗贼抢劫银行，用无线电话要求增援。
increase v.指数量上的增加。
The number of people has been increased.人数增加了。
strengthen v.加强，巩固，增强，相当于to become stronger。
Exercising every day strengthens the heart.每天锻炼可以提高心脏的功能。
Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it.人们认为竞争加强了民族性而不是破坏了它。
intensify v.使变得更强烈、剧烈，加剧，相当于to become more intense or intensive。
intensify colors加深色彩intensify hatred加深仇恨
alert, cautious, considerate
这一组形容词都表示"小心的，谨慎的"。
alert a.警惕的，留神的。
The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests' drinking need.女主人一直站在旁边，时刻准备给大家斟酒。
cautious a.细心的，谨慎的。
He has a cautious attitude about spending money.在花钱的问题上他态度谨慎。
considerate a.关心他人的，体贴的。
He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他总是很体谅他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。
alive, live, living, lively
这一组形容词都跟"活"有关。
alive a.活着的，有活力的，常作表语，作定语时必须后置。
After the accident, he was barely alive.交通事故后，他奄奄一息。
all man alive所有活着的人
live a.活的，有活力的，现场直播的，
We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV.我们通过电视观看了这部歌剧的实况。
living a.活着的，作定语可前可后，可修饰人也可修饰物。
Who is the world's greatest living artist?谁是现在还健在的世界上最伟大的艺术家？
living room起居室
lively a.活泼的，栩栩如生的。
She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是个活泼可爱的小姑娘，总是欢声笑语忙个不停。
alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline
这一组动词都有"减少，减轻"的意思。
alleviate v.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和
The painkiller alleviated the pain.止疼药减缓了疼痛。
diminish v.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。
The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于战争石油的供应减少了。
reduce v.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。
He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他缩减了他们的开销。
decrease v.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。
The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口数量急剧下降。
decline v. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。
Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明显下降。
He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我们请他吃饭的邀请。
allocate, separate, detach, divide
这一组动词都有"分开"的意思。
allocate v.分配，把……拨给。
The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this year's budget.市政府在今年的预算中给学校和警察部门分配了资金。
separate v.人为地分开，使隔离开。
We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks.我们把沙拉叉与餐叉分隔开。
detach v.拆开组合的物体；远离，疏远。
We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall.我们需要一名木匠将书架从墙上拆下来。
divide v.指将整体分为若干个部分。
The huge corporation dividedsintossmaller companies.这家特大公司分成一些较小的公司。
ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim
这一组形容词都有"模糊"的意思。
ambiguous a.意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。
His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。
obscure a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。
The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾兹拉·庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。
vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。
He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。
unclear a.指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。
Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。
It is unclear whether the economy will get better.经济是否好转仍不明朗。
dim a.光线暗淡的，看不清的；记忆力模糊的；不大可能的。
Don't work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光线下工作。
His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康复的可能性十分渺茫。
amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand
amplify v.扩大，增加，尤其指通过增强电压或电流使声音扩大；补充叙述(故事、事件等)。
We must ask you to amplify your statement.我们得请你对你的说法作进一步的说明。
enlarge v.扩大，多指具体物品如相片的放大。
enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house扩建房屋
stretch v. (有弹性地)伸展，延伸，并有可能超过限度；伸长、伸出(身体某部位)并绷紧肌肉(尤指在放松后或为了够着某物)。
The pullover stretched after I had worn it a few times.这件套头毛衣我穿了几次之后就撑大了。
Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早间工作之后，职员们站到桌子后面伸伸懒腰。
magnify v.放大，指用透镜或显微镜使物体看上去大一些。
His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能够阅读。
reinforce v.增援，加固。
expand v.指范围、体积的扩大、增大，也可以指内容或细节的充实。
The balloon expanded, then exploded.气球先是膨胀，然后就爆破了。
anger, fury, indignation, resentment
这一组名词都有"愤怒、生气"的意思。
anger n.气愤，生气，是一般用语。
After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.争吵之后，他一拳打在那个人的脸上以发泄怒气。
fury n.暴怒，大怒，程度较anger要强。
indignation n.义愤，尤其指出于道义上的激愤。
general indignation at the sudden steep rise in bus fares公共汽车票价突然猛增激起的公愤
resentment n.愤恨，怨恨，不满，是正式用语，尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到伤害后而产生的愤慨。
There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyone's pay was lowered.大家的工资降低后，办公室里怨声载道。
apparent, evident, manifest, obvious, distinct
这一组形容词都有"明显的"之意。
apparent a.明显的，显而易见的，尤其指容易观察到或认识到的事物。
He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants to leave now.他很不高兴，显然他现在想走了。
evident a.明白的，明显的，与apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事实证明的事物。
It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.显然他是有罪的，在犯罪现场发现了他的指纹。
manifest a.清楚的，明显的，多指根据外部特征或迹象便能看出或了解其意义，常作表语。
Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出众，但长相并不动人。
obvious a.明显的，显而易见的，含有无可辩白，不需证明之意。
It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很显然，那个妇女酒喝的太多了。
distinct a.清楚的，明显的；不同的，独特的。修饰性质明显不同的东西。
Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治疗已使他的健康有了明显的好转。
From: http://www.hxen.com/word/kaoyan/2008-02-19/25682.html
