自动化测试知识点

一、Properties

1.读取properties文件

Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(new FileInputStream(propertyFileName));

 2.读取.properties文件数据数据

Configuration config = config = new PropertiesConfiguration();
       
String.valueOf(config.getProperty(key));

3.获取Name

Enumeration<?> en = properties.propertyNames
 while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
                String key = (String) en.nextElement();
                if (key.toLowerCase().equals(RETRYCOUNT)) {
                    sRetryCount = properties.getProperty(key);
                }
                if (key.toLowerCase().equals(SOURCEDIR)) {
                    sourceCodeDir = properties.getProperty(key);
                }
                if (key.toLowerCase().equals(SOURCEENCODING)) {
                    sourceCodeEncoding = properties.getProperty(key);
                }

 二、Logger

1.获得Logger对象

static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(BaseParpare.class);
logger.error("浏览器不能正常工作，请检查是不是被手动关闭或者其他原因",e);
logger.info("当前操作系统是:[" + currentPlatform + "]");
logger.warn("注意：页面没有完全加载出来，刷新重试！！");

三、ITestContext：当前测试的上下文信息

String[] groups = context.getIncludedGroups();

 @Override
    public void generateReport(List<XmlSuite> xmlSuites, List<ISuite> suites, String outputDirectory) {
        List<ITestResult> list = new ArrayList<ITestResult>();
        for (ISuite suite : suites) {          
            Map<String, ISuiteResult> suiteResults = suite.getResults();
            for (ISuiteResult suiteResult : suiteResults.values()) {
                ITestContext testContext = suiteResult.getTestContext();           
                IResultMap passedTests = testContext.getPassedTests();
                IResultMap failedTests = testContext.getFailedTests();
                IResultMap skippedTests = testContext.getSkippedTests();
                IResultMap failedConfig = testContext.getFailedConfigurations();   
                list.addAll(this.listTestResult(passedTests));
                list.addAll(this.listTestResult(failedTests));
                list.addAll(this.listTestResult(skippedTests));
                list.addAll(this.listTestResult(failedConfig));
            }          
        }
        this.sort(list);
        this.outputResult(list, outputDirectory+"/test.txt");
    }

 从.xml获取参数数据

//从testng.xml文件中获取浏览器的属性值
String browserName = context.getCurrentXmlTest().getParameter("browserName");

<!-- chrome,firefox,ghost和ie不区分大小写 -->
    <parameter name="browserName" value="chrome" />
    <!-- 页面元素10秒不出现超时时间 -->

context.setAttribute("SELENIUM_DRIVER", seleniumUtil.driver);//添加参数

 四、从.properties文件获取数据

 public class getProperties {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
       Properties pps = new Properties();
        pps.load(new FileInputStream("Test.properties"));
      Enumeration enum1 = pps.propertyNames();//得到配置文件的名字
        while(enum1.hasMoreElements()) {
             String strKey = (String) enum1.nextElement();
            String strValue = pps.getProperty(strKey);
             System.out.println(strKey + "=" + strValue);
         }
     }
 }

name=JJ
Weight=4444
Height=3333

五、获取系统信息

Properties props = System.getProperties();//获得系统属性集
String currentPlatform = props.getProperty("os.name");//获得操作系统名称

六、执行Javascript命令

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
String status =(String)js.executeScript("return document.readyState");

七、Assert 断言

Assert.fail("浏览器driver没有获得对象,退出操作失败");

 八、用Log4j实现日志输出

Log4j是开源的jar包，通过http://maven.ibiblio.org/maven/log4j/jars/下载最新版本

1、创建log4j.properties文件，详细配置说明:http://www.cnblogs.com/chenxqNo01/p/6370340.html；

      https://www.cnblogs.com/signheart/p/3a41989df3a6a20c6592d6d03d3a75d1.html

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,CONSOLE,R,HTML,TTCC  
   
// 定义一个appender  
log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender  
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.TTCC=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.HTML=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender  
   
// 定义log文件保存路径，三种日志文件格式  
log4j.appender.R.File=./Log/testlog.log  
log4j.appender.TTCC.File=./Log/testlog1.log  
log4j.appender.HTML.File=./Log/application.html  
  
// 定义layout和pattern  
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern= %5p [%t] (%F:%L)- %m%n  
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d - %c -%p - %m%n  
log4j.appender.TTCC.layout=org.apache.log4j.TTCCLayout  
log4j.appender.TTCC.layout.DateFormat=ISO8601  
log4j.appender.HTML.layout=org.apache.log4j.HTMLLayout  
log4j.appender.HTML.layout.Title=Application log  
log4j.appender.HTML.layout.LocationInfo=true

代码：

public class TestBaidu {  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
          
         Logger logger=Logger.getLogger("baidu");  
           
         PropertyConfigurator.configure(".\\Log4j.properties");  
           
         // 打开浏览器  
         System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", ".\\Tools\\chromedriver.exe");    
         WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();   
         logger.info("启动浏览器");  
           
         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  
         logger.info("隐式等待10秒");  
           
         driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");  
         logger.info("打开百度首页");  
           
         driver.findElement(By.id("kw")).sendKeys("Selenium");  
         logger.info("在搜索输入框输入selenium");  
           
           
    }  
  
}  

九、TestNG实现日志的输出

通过Report.log("log message")这样的方式，给每个步骤添加日志解释，这些日志解释会显示在TestNG生成的html报告中。

    package lessons;  
      
    import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;  
    import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;  
    import org.testng.Reporter;  
    import org.testng.annotations.Test;  
      
    public class TestngReportDemo {  
          
         @Test  
         public void testReport(){  
                  
             WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver();  
                  
             Reporter.log("launch chrome browser instance");  
                  
             driver.manage().window().maximize();  
                  
             Reporter.log("Max the browser");  
                  
             driver.get("https://www.baidu.com");  
                  
             Reporter.log("open baidu site");  
                  
             driver.quit();  
                  
             Reporter.log("退出浏览器");  
                  
            }  
      
    }