xml模块

 1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 2 <data>
 3     <country name="Liechtenstein">
 4         <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
 5         <year>2008</year>
 6         <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
 7         <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
 8         <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
 9     </country>
10     <country name="Singapore">
11         <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
12         <year>2011</year>
13         <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
14         <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
15     </country>
16     <country name="Panama">
17         <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
18         <year>2011</year>
19         <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
20         <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
21         <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
22     </country>
23 </data>

查找的三种方式

# print(root.iter('year')) #全文搜索
# print(root.find('country')) #在root的子节点找，只找一个
# print(root.findall('country')) #在root的子节点找，找所有

练一练，什么都会了

 1 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 2  
 3 tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
 4 root = tree.getroot()
 5 print(root.tag)
 6  
 7 #遍历xml文档
 8 for child in root:
 9     print('========>',child.tag,child.attrib,child.attrib['name'])
10     for i in child:
11         print(i.tag,i.attrib,i.text)
12  
13 #只遍历year 节点
14 for node in root.iter('year'):
15     print(node.tag,node.text)
16 #---------------------------------------
17 
18 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
19  
20 tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
21 root = tree.getroot()
22  
23 #修改
24 for node in root.iter('year'):
25     new_year=int(node.text)+1
26     node.text=str(new_year)
27     node.set('updated','yes')
28     node.set('version','1.0')
29 tree.write('test.xml')
30  
31  
32 #删除node
33 for country in root.findall('country'):
34    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
35    if rank > 50:
36      root.remove(country)
37  
38 tree.write('output.xml')
39 
40 #在country内添加（append）节点year2
41 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
42 tree = ET.parse("a.xml")
43 root=tree.getroot()
44 for country in root.findall('country'):
45     for year in country.findall('year'):
46         if int(year.text) > 2000:
47             year2=ET.Element('year2')
48             year2.text='新年'
49             year2.attrib={'update':'yes'}
50             country.append(year2) #往country节点下添加子节点
51 
52 tree.write('a.xml.swap')

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")
name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})
age = ET.SubElement(name, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})
sex = ET.SubElement(name, "sex")
sex.text = '33'
name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})
age = ET.SubElement(name2, "age")
age.text = '19'
 
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成文档对象
et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)
 
ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式