android消息线程和消息队列








基于消息队列的线程通信:
          消息队列与线程循环
          

MessageQueue:     
     利用链表来管理消息
     
          

Message:

     通常由Handler的子类的handleMessage()函数来处理该消息。


由android.os.Handler类来处理消息Message:
     
Handler:
     由Handler来处理消息,由其函数dispatchMessage()完成。
    public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);
        } else {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg); //若消息没有指定处理消息的对象,则由Handler的子类来完成。其子类必须实现handleMessage()方法。
        }
    }



Looper:

     Looper与线程关联,一个线程最多有一个Looper。Looper实例保存到宿主线程的线程局部存储中。

     指定了Looper就意味着指定了在哪个线程中处理;为消息指定的Handler则决定如何处理消息。
     
     Looper中拥有一个消息队列MessageQueue,该消息队列由Looper创建,属于它所有。

    private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);//创建Looper要处理的消息队列,是否运行线程退出,由消息队列决定。
        mRun = true;
        mThread = Thread.currentThread();//得到当前线程
    }

    public static void loop() {
        final Looper me = myLooper();
        if (me == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
        }
        final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;

        // Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,
        // and keep track of what that identity token actually is.
        Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();

        for (;;) {
            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block//取得一个消息
            if (msg == null) {//消息体为空则表示退出
                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
                return;
            }

            // This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger
            Printer logging = me.mLogging;
            if (logging != null) {
                logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " +
                        msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);
            }

            msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);//调用消息指定的接收者Handler来处理它

            if (logging != null) {
                logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);
            }

            final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            if (ident != newIdent) {
                Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed from 0x"
                        + Long.toHexString(ident) + " to 0x"
                        + Long.toHexString(newIdent) + " while dispatching to "
                        + msg.target.getClass().getName() + " "
                        + msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what);
            }

            msg.recycle();//丢弃消息,循环再利用
        }
    }


Handler:消息的处理者。一旦为消息指定了某个特定的处理者Handler,也就确定了在哪个线程的上下文中去处理以及如何处理消息。

          实际上是根据Handler的变量mLooper所代表的Looper所在的线程,来决定该Handler运行在哪个线程中。

         在一个线程中创建的Handler并不一定运行在该线程中,需要判断该Handler的Looper变量在哪个线程中。

       public Handler() {
        if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) {
            final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass();
            if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&
                    (klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
                Log.w(TAG, "The following Handler class should be static or leaks might occur: " +klass.getCanonicalName());
            }
        }

        mLooper = Looper.myLooper();//通过线程局部存储,获得本线程的Looper:当程序没有另启一个线程时,该Looper就是主线程的Looper。
          
        if (mLooper == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare()");
        }
        mQueue = mLooper.mQueue;
        mCallback = null;
    }


         public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);//消息所指定的CallBack,实际就是Runnable
        } else {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg);//Handler的方法
        }
    }
posted @ 2014-08-30 11:09  徐小鱼  阅读(1036)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报