中国药科大学《药学英语》期中口语

都是我和老师写的！！不可以复制！！不然我就撤稿了！！

Mid-term oral test

Task 1: Text reading

In this part, you are required to read one paragraph that is randomly chosen by the teacher from the texts we have learned. (about 1min)

Task 2: Topic Discussion

In this part, you are required to talk about one (randomly chosen by the teacher) of the following 8 topics for about 1.5 minutes. You only need to prepare one topic for each of the three units.

1.What is cell differentiation? Why is it important? (Unit 1)

The building blocks of the body are the cells, which are grouped together to form tissues. The principal types of tissue are epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular, each with its own characteristics. Cell differentiation is that while organism engendering, cells in its body grow and change their character and functions, in order to make the organism live. Only unicellular organisms and a few fungi have no cell differentiation. If cell differentiation is not carried out, multicellular organisms will not be able to give play to their advantages of multiple and complex cells and become able to live like unicellular organisms.

2. Please describe the significance of homeostasis to human body. (Unit 1)

Cells are tiny. They will be inactivation while the environment not fit them. So a fit extracellular fluid takes an important role in our body. Also complex mechanisms are at work to regular the composition of the extracellular fluid and individual cells have their own mechanisms for regulating their internal composition. For example, the cardiac muscle cells' activity depends on electrical signals. The signals concentrate of sodium and potassium ions. If something goes wrong in homeostasis, our body will be in trouble.

3.Animal testing is frequently used for medical and pharmaceutical research. Are you for or against animal testing? And why? (Unit 1)

Of course I support animal experiments in the development of pharmacy. Physiology is the study of how living organisms work. It is concerned with complex processes that depend on the interplay of many widely separated organs in the body. So it is really important to do animal experiments. Also, animals are quite similar to human, so while we are developing new medicines, we need animals to simulate our bodies. During the animal testing, we can find out many important data’s and hazards.

4.What is the significance of antibiotic discovery to human beings? (Unit 2)

Antibiotics have eliminated or controlled so many infectious diseases that virtually everyone has benefited from their use at one time or another. Bacterial infections are serious that may cause organisms' death. At the before-antibiotic eras, many surgical patients died. After the penicillin and other wide spectrum antibiotics being developed, it goes much better than before

5.Scientists claim that we are now living in a “Post-Antibiotic Era”. What does it actually mean? And what can we do to face the challenge? (Unit 2)

The antibiotic has been abusing during past decades. It causes the post-antibiotic era. Nowadays, we use much more antibiotics than before, but the curative effects don’t make us appreciate. Bacterial resistance still takes effects in our cure. The development of bacterial resistance can be minimized by a more discriminating use of antibiotics.

6.What is the other side of antibiotics? Please give a detailed description. (Unit 2)

The antibiotics may cause the bacterial resistance. This acquired resistance imposes on the long range value of the drugs a very important limitation, which is not adequately met by the frequent introduction of new antimicrobial agents to combat the problem.

7.What is the relationship between life and chemistry? (Unit 3)

Human production and life cannot do without chemistry. Chemical Science is an important basic subject in the development of modern science and technology. Chemistry is the science of comstantly inventing and making new substances that are more useful to human beings. Chemistry ensures human survival while constantly improving the quality of human life. Chemical penetration into every aspect of daily life.

8. How does insulin regulate blood sugar? (Unit 3)

Insulin allows the blood glucose to be transported from the blood into the cells. Insulin binds to receptors on the cell membrane. This activates a set of transport molecules so that glucose and proteins can enter the cell. The cells can then use the glucose as energy to carry out its functions. Once transported into the cell, the blood glucose level is returned to normal within hours.

9. What are the differences between Type I and Type II diabetes? (Unit 3)

Type I or juvenile-onset diabetes, is when the body does not produce any insulin. Type I diabetics usually inject themselves with different types of insulin three or four times daily. Type II diabetics produce some insulin, but it is either not enough or their cells do not respond normally to insulin. This usually occurs in obese or middle aged and older people. Type II diabetics do not necessarily need to take insulin, but they may inject insulin once or twice a day.

Notes:

1.主考在评分时使用以下标准：

a.准确性 考生的语音、语调以及所使用的语法和词汇的准确程度；

b.语言范围 考生所使用的词汇和语法结构的复杂程度和范围；

c.话语的长短 考生讲话的多少及考生发言时间；

d.连贯性 考生有能力进行语言连贯，条理清晰的发言。

2. 评分采用整体评分法，以百分计