Net学习日记_ASP.Net_MVC_路由
路由映射后调用方法时为方法同名参数传值
mvc查找控制器类
在BundleConfige里面可以手动合并js文件和css文件，用于浏览器加载过程中，一次性加载。
//1.用户可以 手动 添加 js绑定对象，取一个 名字（虚拟路径），添加要绑定的JS文件 路径 bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/jsValid") .Include("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.1.min.js") .Include("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js") .Include("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")); //2.合并 css 文件 bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/cssMy").Include("~/content/1.css", "~/content/2.css")); //2.用户 开启 js/css 压缩合并功能 BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;
在RouteConfige里面指定浏览器访问过程，匹配url
routes.MapRoute( name: "Default", url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Add", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, constraints: new {id = @"\d*" }//为{id}占位符 设置约束，必须是 数值 ); routes.MapRoute( name: "Default2", url: "{controller}/{action}/{name}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Add", name = UrlParameter.Optional }, constraints: new { name = "[a-z]+" }//为{name}占位符 设置约束，必须是 字母 ); routes.MapRoute( name: "Default3", url: "{action}/{controller}/{name}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Add", name = UrlParameter.Optional }, constraints: new { name = "[a-z]+" }//为{name}占位符 设置约束，必须是 字母 );
建立Area区域时，要具有区域约束
namespace P01MVCRoute.Areas.admin { public class adminAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration { public override string AreaName { get { return "admin"; } } public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) { context.MapRoute( "admin_default", "admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } ); } } }
其中，1.return "admin"不能改，应为返回这个就是AreaName，指向哪个文件夹下寻找；
2.namespace不易更改，如果更改，则去RouteConfige里面重新约束
区域注册类里的AreaName属性用处
当服务器在浏览文件夹下，查找相应的文件，但我们可以自Global.asax.cs里面约束，指定查找某类玩文件
namespace P01MVCRoute { // 注意: 有关启用 IIS6 或 IIS7 经典模式的说明， // 请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801 public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { protected void Application_Start()//整个mvc网站被访问时，执行这个方法一次 { PureViewEngines(); //ViewEngines.Engines.RemoveAt(0); //ViewEngineCollection vec = ViewEngines.Engines; //RazorViewEngine rve = vec[0] as RazorViewEngine; //string[] oldPaths = rve.ViewLocationFormats; //string[] newPaths = new string[oldPaths.Length + 1]; //oldPaths.CopyTo(newPaths, 0); //newPaths[newPaths.Length - 1] = "~/MyViews/{1}/{0}.cshtml"; //1.注册区域路由 AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); //注册当前网站 路由 RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); } #region 1.0 保留razor视图引擎，其它的都去掉 -void PureViewEngines() /// <summary> /// 保留razor视图引擎，其它的都去掉 /// </summary> void PureViewEngines() { //System.Web.Razor.RazorCodeLanguage.Languages.Remove("vbhtml"); //移除 集合中 默认添加的 WebFormViewEngine ViewEngines.Engines.RemoveAt(0); //ViewEngines.Engines.Clear(); //ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new RazorViewEngine()); RazorViewEngine razor = ViewEngines.Engines[0] as RazorViewEngine; //移除RazorViewEngine中的 vbhtml 路径模版。 razor.FileExtensions = new string[] { "cshtml" }; razor.AreaViewLocationFormats = new string[] { "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; razor.AreaMasterLocationFormats = new string[]{ "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; razor.AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new string[]{ "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; razor.MasterLocationFormats = new string[]{ "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; razor.PartialViewLocationFormats = new string[]{ "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; razor.ViewLocationFormats = new string[]{ "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml", "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml" }; } #endregion } }
过滤器的调用过程
Action过滤器是控制方法的；而Result过滤器则是控制视图的。
过滤器的基本用法
public class FilterConfig { public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters) { //filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute()); //3. 添加全局过滤器 filters.Add(new Filters.MyActionFilterAttribute()); filters.Add(new Filters.MyHandleErrorAttribute()); } }
//[Filters.MyActionFilter]//2.将 过滤器 加到当前类上 public class HomeController : Controller { public HomeController() { System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(" HomeController 构造函数<br/> "); } //[Filters.MyActionFilter]//1.将 过滤器 加到方法上 //[Filters.Money] [Filters.MyResultFilter] [Filters.MyAuthorize] public ActionResult Index() { Response.Write("Index 方法<br/>"); ViewBag.name = "时间：" + DateTime.Now; return View(); } public ActionResult GetDate() { return View(); } //[Filters.MyHandleError] public ActionResult GetErr() { int a = 0; int b = 1 / a; return View(); } }
/// <summary> /// Action方法 过滤器 类 /// </summary> public class MyActionFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute { /// <summary> /// 在 Action方法之前 调用 /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext"></param> public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { //1. RouteData 中 保存了 当前请求 匹配的 路由信息和路由对象 // 如果本次请求 是请求了某个 区域 里的 控制器方法，还可以通过filterContext.RouteData.DataTokens["area"]获取区域名 //string strArea = filterContext.RouteData.DataTokens["area"].ToString(); string strController = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString(); string strAction = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString(); //filterContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString //2.另一种方式 获取 请求的 类名和方法名 string strAction2 = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.ActionName; string strController2 = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName; //2.1检查 被请求方法 是否 加了 MoneyAttribute 特性 if (filterContext.ActionDescriptor.IsDefined(typeof(Filters.MoneyAttribute), false)) { //直接为 请求 设置 返回结果，而不执行 对应的 Action 方法，也不执行 OnActionExcuted，但是，会执行 Result过滤器和 生成视图 filterContext.Result = new ContentResult() { Content = "<br/>哈哈哈，直接被跳过了吧~~~！<br/>" }; } filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("哇哈哈哈~！OnActionExecuting<br/>"); base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); } /// <summary> /// 在 Action方法之后 调用 /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext"></param> public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext) { filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("哇哈哈哈~！OnActionExecuted<br/>"); base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext); } }
/// <summary> /// 授权过滤器 - 在 Action过滤器前 执行 /// </summary> public class MyAuthorizeAttribute:AuthorizeAttribute { public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext) { filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("<br/>OnAuthorization<br/>"); //注释掉 父类方法，因为 父类里的 OnAuthorization 方法会 调用 asp.net的授权验证机制！ //base.OnAuthorization(filterContext); } }
/// <summary> /// 异常处理 过滤器 /// </summary> public class MyHandleErrorAttribute : HandleErrorAttribute { public override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext) { //1.获取异常对象 Exception ex = filterContext.Exception; //2.记录异常日志 //3.重定向友好页面 filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult("~/error.html"); //4.标记异常已经处理完毕 filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true; base.OnException(filterContext); } }
/// <summary> /// Result 过滤器 类 - 如果请求的是 要加载视图的 Action 方法的话 /// 在 视图加载 前 后 调用方法 /// </summary> public class MyResultFilterAttribute:System.Web.Mvc.ActionFilterAttribute { /// <summary> /// 加载 "视图" 前执行 /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext"></param> public override void OnResultExecuting(System.Web.Mvc.ResultExecutingContext filterContext) { filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("加载 视图 前执行 OnResultExecuting <br/>"); base.OnResultExecuting(filterContext); } /// <summary> /// 加载"视图" 后执行 /// </summary> /// <param name="filterContext"></param> public override void OnResultExecuted(System.Web.Mvc.ResultExecutedContext filterContext) { filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("加载 视图 后执行 OnResultExecuted <br/>"); base.OnResultExecuted(filterContext); } }
还可以在Global里面修改，在11个管道内，执行哪类请求。
namespace P01MVCFilter { public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); } //public void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) //{ //} public void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; obj.Context.Response.Write("1Application_BeginRequest<br/>"); } //public void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) //{ // HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; // obj.Context.Response.Write("2Application_AuthenticateRequest<br/>"); //} //public void Application_PostAuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) //{ // HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; // obj.Context.Response.Write("3Application_PostAuthenticateRequest<br/>"); //} //public void Application_AunthorizeRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) //{ // HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; // obj.Context.Response.Write("4Application_AunthorizeRequest<br/>"); //} //public void Application_PostAuthorizeRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) //{ // HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; // obj.Context.Response.Write("5Application_PostAuthorizeRequest<br/>"); //} public void Application_ResolveRequestCache(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; obj.Context.Response.Write("6Application_ResolveRequestCache<br/>"); } public void Application_PostResolveRequestCache(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; obj.Context.Response.Write("7Application_PostResolveRequestCache<br/>"); } public void Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute(object sender, EventArgs e) { HttpApplication obj = sender as HttpApplication; obj.Context.Response.Write("11Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute<br/>"); } } } /* 1.BeginRequest 开始处理请求 2.AuthenticateRequest 授权验证请求，获取用户授权信息 3.PostAuthenticateRequest 获取成功 4.AunthorizeRequest 授权，一般来检查用户是否获得权限 5.PostAuthorizeRequest 获得授权 6.ResolveRequestCache 获取页面缓存结果(如果没有则执行) 7.PostResolveRequestCache 已获取缓存 8.PostMapRequestHandler 创建页面对象 9.AcquireRequestState 获取Session -- 先判断当前页面对象是否实现了IRequiresSessionState接口，如果实现了，则从浏览器发来的请求报文头中获得SessionId，并到服务器的 Session池中获得对应的Session对象，最后赋值给 HttpContext的Session属性。 10.PostAcquireRequestState 获得Session 11.PreRequestHandlerExecute 准备执行页面对象 ×执行页面对象的ProcessRequest方法(1.ashx,1.aspx)，如果请求的是1.aspx，则会运行页面生命周期 12.PostRequestHandlerExecute 执行完页面对象了 13.ReleaseRequestState 释放请求状态 14.PostReleaseRequestState 已释放请求状态 15.UpdateReuqestCache 更新缓存 16.PostUpdateRequestCache 已更新缓存 17.LogRequest 日志记录 18.PostLogRequest 已完成日志 19.EndRequest 完成 */
