Windows phone 8 学习笔记(9) 集成

本节整理了之前并没有提到的Windows phone 8 系统相关集成支持，包括选择器、锁定屏幕的、联系人的访问等。选择器列举了若干内置应用提供的相关支持；锁定屏幕展示了我们可以对锁定屏幕提供背景图像，屏幕通知等功能；联系人访问演示了对联系人的管理维护和只读访问。

快速导航：
    一、选择器
    二、锁定屏幕
    三、联系人访问

一、选择器

选择器为手机内置应用对您的开发提供的相关支持，通过选择器你可以直接调用相机应用捕获一张照片到你的应用，或者调用联系人的相关资料，保存铃声等操作。

下面列举了大部分常用选择器：
    1.地址选择器
    2.相机拍照选择器
    3.邮箱选择器
    4.电话选择器
    5.照片选择器
    6.保存联系人选择器
    7.保存电子邮件地址选择器
    8.保存电话号码选择器
    9.保存铃声选择器

下面代码罗列了调用方法。

[C#]

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//地址选择器
void showAddressChooserTask()
{
    var addressChooserTask = new AddressChooserTask();
    addressChooserTask.Completed += new EventHandler<AddressResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        if (b.TaskResult == TaskResult.OK)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(b.DisplayName + "的地址是：" + b.Address);
        }
    });
    addressChooserTask.Show();
}
 
//相机拍照选择器
void showCameraCaptureTask()
{
    var cameraCaptureTask = new CameraCaptureTask();
    cameraCaptureTask.Completed += new EventHandler<PhotoResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        if (b.TaskResult == TaskResult.OK)
        {
            Image image = new Image();
            var bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(b.ChosenPhoto);
            image.Source = bitmapImage;
            ContentPanel.Children.Add(image);
            MessageBox.Show(b.OriginalFileName);
        }
    });
    cameraCaptureTask.Show();
}
 
//邮箱选择器
void showEmailAddressChooserTask()
{
    var emailAddressChooserTask = new EmailAddressChooserTask();
    emailAddressChooserTask.Completed += new EventHandler<EmailResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        if (b.TaskResult == TaskResult.OK)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(b.DisplayName + "的邮箱是：" + b.Email);
        }
    });
    emailAddressChooserTask.Show();
}
 
//电话选择器
void showPhoneNumberChooserTask()
{
    var phoneNumberChooserTask = new PhoneNumberChooserTask();
    phoneNumberChooserTask.Completed += new EventHandler<PhoneNumberResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        if (b.TaskResult == TaskResult.OK)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(b.DisplayName + "的电话是：" + b.PhoneNumber);
        }
    });
    phoneNumberChooserTask.Show();
}
 
//照片选择器
void showPhotoChooserTask()
{
    var photoChooserTask = new PhotoChooserTask();
    photoChooserTask.Completed += new EventHandler<PhotoResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        if (b.TaskResult == TaskResult.OK)
        {
            Image image = new Image();
            var bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(b.ChosenPhoto);
            image.Source = bitmapImage;
            ContentPanel.Children.Add(image);
            MessageBox.Show(b.OriginalFileName);
        }
    });
    photoChooserTask.Show();
}
 
//保存联系人选择器
void showSaveContactTask()
{
    var saveContactTask = new SaveContactTask();
    saveContactTask.Completed += new EventHandler<SaveContactResult>((a, b) =>
    {
        switch (b.TaskResult)
        {
            case TaskResult.OK:
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.Cancel:
                MessageBox.Show("取消保存。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.None:
                MessageBox.Show("保存失败。");
                break;
        }
    });
    //添加一些默认值
    saveContactTask.FirstName = "三";
    saveContactTask.LastName = "张";
    saveContactTask.MobilePhone = "13900000000";
    saveContactTask.Show();
}
 
//保存电子邮件地址选择器
void showSaveEmailAddressTask()
{
    var saveEmailAddressTask = new SaveEmailAddressTask();
    saveEmailAddressTask.Completed += new EventHandler<TaskEventArgs>((a, b) =>
    {
        switch (b.TaskResult)
        {
            case TaskResult.OK:
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.Cancel:
                MessageBox.Show("取消保存。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.None:
                MessageBox.Show("保存失败。");
                break;
        }
    });
    //添加默认值
    saveEmailAddressTask.Email = "mail@163.com";
    saveEmailAddressTask.Show();
}
 
//保存电话号码选择器
void showSavePhoneNumberTask()
{
    var savePhoneNumberTask = new SavePhoneNumberTask();
    savePhoneNumberTask.Completed += new EventHandler<TaskEventArgs>((a, b) =>
    {
        switch (b.TaskResult)
        {
            case TaskResult.OK:
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.Cancel:
                MessageBox.Show("取消保存。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.None:
                MessageBox.Show("保存失败。");
                break;
        }
    });
    //添加默认值
    savePhoneNumberTask.PhoneNumber = "13900000000";
    savePhoneNumberTask.Show();
}
 
//保存铃声选择器
void showSaveRingtoneTask()
{
    var saveRingtoneTask = new SaveRingtoneTask();
    saveRingtoneTask.Completed += new EventHandler<TaskEventArgs>((a, b) =>
    {
        switch (b.TaskResult)
        {
            case TaskResult.OK:
                MessageBox.Show("保存成功。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.Cancel:
                MessageBox.Show("取消保存。");
                break;
            case TaskResult.None:
                MessageBox.Show("保存失败。");
                break;
        }
    });
    //铃声文件路径
    saveRingtoneTask.Source = new Uri("appdata:/烟花易冷.mp3");
    //铃声在列表中的显示名称
    saveRingtoneTask.DisplayName = "烟花易冷";
    saveRingtoneTask.Show();
}

二、锁定屏幕

在手机锁定屏幕界面，我们的应用可以更新背景图像和添加屏幕通知。

2.锁定屏幕背景

要使应用能够更新锁定屏幕背景图像，我们必须在应用程序清单文件中声明。右键选择打开方式，选择XML文本编辑器打开WMAppManifest.xml，在Tokens下添加扩展内容。

[XML]

<Extensions>
  <!--指示当前应用可以为锁定屏幕提供背景图像-->
  <Extension ExtensionName="LockScreen_Background" ConsumerID="{111DFF24-AA15-4A96-8006-2BFF8122084F}" TaskID="_default" />
</Extensions>

下面看看如何更新手机锁定屏幕背景为安装文件夹下的1.jpg图片。

[C#]

private async void SetLockImg()
{
    try
    {
        //指示当前应用是否为锁定屏幕提供程序
        var isProvider = Windows.Phone.System.UserProfile.LockScreenManager.IsProvidedByCurrentApplication;
        if (!isProvider)
        {
            //设置当前应用为锁定屏幕提供程序
            var op = await Windows.Phone.System.UserProfile.LockScreenManager.RequestAccessAsync();
            //应用是否已设置为锁定屏幕提供程序
            isProvider = op == Windows.Phone.System.UserProfile.LockScreenRequestResult.Granted;
        }
 
        if (isProvider)
        {
            // 设置锁定屏幕的背景图像
            Windows.Phone.System.UserProfile.LockScreen.SetImageUri(new Uri("ms-appx:///1.jpg", UriKind.Absolute));
 
            // 获取锁定屏幕的图像
            var currentImage = Windows.Phone.System.UserProfile.LockScreen.GetImageUri();
            System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("The new lock screen background image is set to {0}", currentImage.ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            MessageBox.Show("不能提供锁定屏幕背景 ");
        }
    }
    catch
    {
    }
}

2.锁定屏幕通知

应用可以设置通知信息并展示到锁定屏幕的通知区域，我们需要首先在应用程序清单文件中指定用于显示徽标的png图片文件。我们右键选择打开方式，选择XML文本编辑器打开WMAppManifest.xml，设定徽标为LockImage.png。修改Tokens标记的DeviceLockImageURI元素如下：

[XML]

1	`<DeviceLockImageURI` `IsRelative="true" IsResource="false">LockImage.png</DeviceLockImageURI>`

另外，我们还需要在清单文件中声明我们可以在锁定屏幕中显示通知。右键选择打开方式，选择XML文本编辑器打开WMAppManifest.xml，在Tokens下添加扩展内容。

[XML]

<Extensions>
  <!--指示当前应用可以添加屏幕通知-->
  <Extension ExtensionName="LockScreen_Notification_IconCount" ConsumerID="{111DFF24-AA15-4A96-8006-2BFF8122084F}" TaskID="_default" />
  <Extension ExtensionName="LockScreen_Notification_TextField" ConsumerID="{111DFF24-AA15-4A96-8006-2BFF8122084F}" TaskID="_default" />
</Extensions>

设置完成后，我们就可以在锁定屏幕展示通知了，但具体的展示还需要用户在系统设置的锁定屏幕页，添加我们的应用为锁定屏幕通知提供程序。全部设置好后，只要默认的图标有通知的数值，这个时候锁定屏幕提示就会展示。

3.从锁定屏幕设置页启动应用

注册为锁定屏幕背景提供程序后，我们的应用可以从锁定屏幕设置页启动，默认打开mainpage，我们需要处理启动uri。

[C#]

//从系统锁定屏幕设置页面打开时的处理
protected override void OnNavigatedTo(System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs e)
{
    base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
 
    string lockscreenKey = "WallpaperSettings";
    string lockscreenValue = "0";
 
    bool lockscreenValueExists = NavigationContext.QueryString.TryGetValue(lockscreenKey, out lockscreenValue);
 
    if (lockscreenValueExists)
    {
        //这里可以定义一个锁定屏幕背景增强设置的页面。
        MessageBox.Show("从锁定屏幕设置打开。");
    }
}

三、联系人访问

手机内置的联系人数据库支持编程的方式去访问。我们有两种方式访问，一种是只读访问，还有一种是可以执行增删改查操作。

1.只读联系人访问

下面演示了通过查询返回只读联系人列表。

[C#]

//联系人数据
private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
 
    Contacts cons = new Contacts();
    cons.SearchCompleted += new EventHandler<ContactsSearchEventArgs>(Contacts_SearchCompleted);
    //参数1： 关键字；参数2：过滤类型，包含显示名称、电话号码、邮件地址、是否固定到开始屏幕等
    cons.SearchAsync("139", FilterKind.PhoneNumber, "状态");
}
 
void Contacts_SearchCompleted(object sender, ContactsSearchEventArgs e)
{
    //获取到的联系人的集合
    listbox1.ItemsSource = e.Results;
}

2.自定义联系人存储

通过这种方式我们可以对系统联系人列表做各类增删改查操作，我们将演示如何操作。

[XAML]

<Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
    <ListBox x:Name="listbox1" Margin="0,10,10,173">
        <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
            <DataTemplate>
                <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding Id}"></TextBlock>
                    <TextBlock Text="  "></TextBlock>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding FamilyName}"></TextBlock>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding GivenName}"></TextBlock>
                </StackPanel>
            </DataTemplate>
        </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
    </ListBox>
    
    <Button Content="新增" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,603,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
    <Button Content="修改" Margin="106,603,251,21" Click="Button_Click_2"/>
    <Button Content="删除" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="205,603,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_3"/>
    <TextBlock x:Name="textblock1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="24,556,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
    <Button Content="查看手机号" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="291,603,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_4"/>
    <Button Content="只读联系人访问〉" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="224,533,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="232" Click="Button_Click_5"/>
</Grid>

[C#]

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public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
{
    // 构造函数
    public MainPage()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        Query();
    }
 
    //新增联系人
    async Task Add(string familyName, string givenName)
    {
        ContactStore store = await ContactStore.CreateOrOpenAsync();
        StoredContact contact = new StoredContact(store);
        contact.FamilyName = familyName;
        contact.GivenName = givenName;
 
        //获取已知联系人属性
        IDictionary<string, object> props = await contact.GetPropertiesAsync();
        props.Add(KnownContactProperties.Telephone, "18600000000");
 
        //获取扩展的联系人属性
        IDictionary<string, object> extprops = await contact.GetExtendedPropertiesAsync();
        extprops.Add("扩展", "扩展属性");
 
        await contact.SaveAsync();
 
    }
 
    //查询联系人，并绑定到列表
    async void Query()
    {
        ContactStore store = await ContactStore.CreateOrOpenAsync();
        ContactQueryResult result = store.CreateContactQuery();
        IReadOnlyList<StoredContact> contacts = await result.GetContactsAsync();
 
        listbox1.ItemsSource = contacts;
    }
 
    //查询已知属性
    async void GetPropertie(StoredContact contact)
    {
        IDictionary<string, object> props = await contact.GetPropertiesAsync();
        if (props.Keys.Contains(KnownContactProperties.Telephone))
        {
            MessageBox.Show("手机：" + props[KnownContactProperties.Telephone].ToString());
        }
    }
 
    //更新联系人
    async Task Update(string Id)
    {
        try
        {
            ContactStore store = await ContactStore.CreateOrOpenAsync();
            var contact = await store.FindContactByIdAsync(Id);
            if (contact != null)
            {
                contact.FamilyName = "赵";
                contact.GivenName = "六";
                await contact.SaveAsync();
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            textblock1.Text = e.Message;
        }
    }
 
    //删除联系人
    async private Task Delete(string Id)
    {
        try
        {
            ContactStore store = await ContactStore.CreateOrOpenAsync();
            await store.DeleteContactAsync(Id);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            textblock1.Text = e.Message;
        }
    }
 
    //新增
    private async void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        string[] familyNames = new string[] { "赵", "钱", "孙", "李", "周" };
        string[] givenNames = new string[] {"云","权","飞燕","白","公瑾" };
        Random r = new Random();
 
        await Add(familyNames[r.Next(0, familyNames.Length)], givenNames[r.Next(0, givenNames.Length)]);
        Query();
    }
    //修改
    private async void Button_Click_2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
 
       var contact= listbox1.SelectedValue as StoredContact;
       if (contact == null) return;
       await Update(contact.Id);
       Query();
    }
 
    //删除
    private async void Button_Click_3(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var contact = listbox1.SelectedValue as StoredContact;
        if (contact == null) return;
        await Delete(contact.Id);
        Query();
    }
 
    //查看手机号
    private void Button_Click_4(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var contact = listbox1.SelectedValue as StoredContact;
        if (contact == null) return;
        GetPropertie(contact);
    }
 
    private void Button_Click_5(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/Page1.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
    }
}