Windows phone 8 学习笔记(3) 通信

Windows phone 8 可利用的数据通信方式比较广泛，在硬件支持的前提下，我们可以利用WiFi、蓝牙、临近感应等多种方式。数据交互一般通过套接字来完成，我们将在本文详细的分析。

快速导航：
    一、WP8套接字
    二、蓝牙
    三、NFC
    四、获取网络状态
    五、访问web的几种方式

一、WP8套接字

1）创建套接字客户端

Windows phone 8中的套接字并不支持发布服务端，我们只能利用它在手机上创建套接字客户端，我们在此例中要用套接字去访问web服务器。首先，我们定义一个SocketClient来表示套接字客户端。

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public class SocketClient
{
 
    //缓存套接字对象以便在整个生命周期重用
    Socket _socket = null;
 
    // 信号通知对象，用于异步操作完成通知
    static ManualResetEvent _clientDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 为每个异步调用设置超时时间
    /// </summary>
    const int TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS = 30000;
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 数据缓冲区大小
    /// </summary>
    const int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 2048 * 100;
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 关闭套接字连接和释放所有相关的资源
    /// </summary>
    public void Close()
    {
        if (_socket != null)
        {
            _socket.Close();
        }
    }
}
    这个客户端包含连接服务器、发送信息和接受信息三个方法。我们将如下代码加入SocketClient类：
    连接：
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/// <summary>
/// 尝试用TCP套接字连接到指定主机端口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hostName">主机名</param>
/// <param name="portNumber">端口号</param>
/// <returns>描述连接结果</returns>
public string Connect(string hostName, int portNumber)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
 
    //创建一个终结点,主机名、端口号
    DnsEndPoint hostEntry = new DnsEndPoint(hostName, portNumber);
 
    //创建一个基于流，TCP套接字。
    _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
    //套接字上下文
    SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
    socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = hostEntry;
 
    socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    {
        //执行的状态信息
        result = e.SocketError.ToString();
        //将当前线程设置为收到信息状态，这样被阻止的线程可以继续执行
        _clientDone.Set();
    });
 
    //标识当前进程为未收到信息状态
    _clientDone.Reset();
 
    // 发送一个异步连接请求
    _socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);
    //将当前线程阻止，直到当前线程收到信息或者超时时间已到
    _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
 
    return result;
}
    发送消息：
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/// <summary>
/// 向连接的服务器发送信息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data">数据正文</param>
/// <returns>反馈</returns>
public string Send(string data)
{
    string response = "操作超时";
 
    //套接字是否准备好
    if (_socket != null)
    {
        //套接字上下文
        SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
 
        socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = _socket.RemoteEndPoint;
        socketEventArg.UserToken = null;
 
        socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
        {
            response = e.SocketError.ToString();
            _clientDone.Set();
        });
        byte[] payload = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
        socketEventArg.SetBuffer(payload, 0, payload.Length);
        _clientDone.Reset();
        _socket.SendAsync(socketEventArg);
        _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
    }
    else
    {
        response = "套接字没有准备好";
    }
 
    return response;
}

    接受消息：
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/// <summary>
/// 从连接服务器接收数据
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The data received from the server</returns>
public string Receive()
{
    string response = "操作超时";
 
    if (_socket != null)
    {
        SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
        socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = _socket.RemoteEndPoint;
 
        //设置接收数据的缓冲区
        socketEventArg.SetBuffer(new Byte[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE], 0, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE);
 
        socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.SocketError == SocketError.Success)
            {
                // Retrieve the data from the buffer
                response = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, e.Offset, e.BytesTransferred);
                response = response.Trim('\0');
            }
            else
            {
                response = "错误：" + e.SocketError.ToString();
            }
 
            _clientDone.Set();
        });
 
        _clientDone.Reset();
        _socket.ReceiveAsync(socketEventArg);
        _clientDone.WaitOne(TIMEOUT_MILLISECONDS);
    }
    else
    {
        response = "套接字没有准备好";
    }
 
    return response;
}

2）通过套接字访问HTTP网站

现在我们有了套接字客户端，这个时候我们来做一个类似于浏览器的功能，我们模拟HTTP请求发送到web服务器，代码如下：

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<!--LayoutRoot 是包含所有页面内容的根网格-->
<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
    <!--TitlePanel 包含应用程序的名称和页标题-->
    <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">
        <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="套接字访问web" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
    </StackPanel>
 
    <!--ContentPanel - 在此处放置其他内容-->
    <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
        <TextBox x:Name="textbox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="72" Margin="-10,-17,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="www.hao123.com" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="395"/>
        <Button Content="转到" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="364,-17,-9,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
    </Grid>
    <ScrollViewer Height="649" Width="468" Margin="12,47,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"  Grid.Row="1"  VerticalAlignment="Top" >
        <TextBlock ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible"  ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" x:Name="textblok1" Height="649" Width="468" MaxHeight="649" MaxWidth="468" />
    </ScrollViewer>
</Grid>

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private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
 
    string hostName = textbox1.Text.Replace("http://", string.Empty);
    SocketClient client = new SocketClient();
    //主机，端口号
    textblok1.Text = client.Connect(hostName, 80);
    //模拟一个HTTP Get请求
    textblok1.Text = client.Send("GET http://" + hostName + " HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: " + hostName + "\r\n\r\n\r\n");
    //等待相应
    textblok1.Text = client.Receive();
 
}

 

二、蓝牙

WP8蓝牙支持对等方应用连接，也支持其他蓝牙设备，下面我们看看如何连接到对等方应用和设备。

1）连接到对等方

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//已经搜索到的对等方列表
IReadOnlyList<PeerInformation> peers;
 
// 开始连接到对等应用
async void AppToApp()
{
    // 开始查找对等项，如果有这句话，即可使自己能够被其他蓝牙设备搜索到
    PeerFinder.Start();
 
    peers = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
 
    if (peers.Count == 0)
    {
       // 没有发现
    }
    else
    {
        // 选择第一个对等应用
        PeerInformation selectedPeer = peers[0];
        // 连接到第一个对等方应用
        var streamSocket = await PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(selectedPeer);
    }
}

2）连接到设备

PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:Paired"] = ""; 查找所有已配对的设备。这样连接找到的设备对应的PeerInformation.ServiceName将为空，所以我们不能通过PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(selectedPeer);的方式去连接，具体示例如下：

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//搜寻全部蓝牙设备并连接第一个
private async void AppToDevice()
{
    // 搜索所有配对的设备
    PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:Paired"] = "";
    var pairedDevices = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
 
    if (pairedDevices.Count == 0)
    {
        //没有发现设备
    }
    else
    {
        // 选择第一个连接的设备，此时selectedDevice.ServiceName为空
        PeerInformation selectedDevice = pairedDevices[0];
 
        // 主动创建一个StreamSocket
        StreamSocket socket = new StreamSocket();
        // 第二个参数是一个RFCOMM端口号，范围是1-30
        await socket.ConnectAsync(selectedDevice.HostName, "1");
    }
}

PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:SDP"] = "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX";查找使用服务发现协议 (SDP) 并通过既定 GUID 播发服务的设备

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//搜寻特定GUID的设备
private async void AppToDevice2()
{
    PeerFinder.AlternateIdentities["Bluetooth:SDP"] = "XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX";
    var pairedDevices = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync();
 
    if (pairedDevices.Count == 0)
    {
        //没有发现设备
    }
    else
    {
        // 选择第一个连接的设备
        PeerInformation selectedDevice = pairedDevices[0];
 
        // 主动创建一个StreamSocket
        StreamSocket socket = new StreamSocket();
        // 这种情况下selectedDevice.ServiceName等于您指定的GUID
        await socket.ConnectAsync(selectedDevice.HostName, selectedDevice.ServiceName);
    }
}

3）侦听连接请求

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public Page1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    //侦听连接请求需要先添加事件
    Loaded += MainPage_Loaded;
}
 
void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    //远程对等类异步连接时触发
    PeerFinder.ConnectionRequested += PeerFinder_ConnectionRequested;
}
async void PeerFinder_ConnectionRequested(object sender, ConnectionRequestedEventArgs args)
{
    // 获取到请求连接的对等方
    var peer = args.PeerInformation;
    // 回应连接
    var streamSocket = await PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(peer);
}

4）发送消息

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/// <summary>
/// 在已连接的情况下发送消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="socket"></param>
public async void Send(StreamSocket socket, string msg)
{
    var _dataWriter = new DataWriter(socket.OutputStream);
 
    //写入消息的长度
    uint strLength = _dataWriter.MeasureString(msg);
    _dataWriter.WriteUInt32(strLength);
 
    //写入消息的内容
    _dataWriter.WriteString(msg);
    uint numBytesWritten = await _dataWriter.StoreAsync();
}

5）接收消息

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/// <summary>
/// 在已连接的情况下读取消息
/// </summary>
/// <param name="socket"></param>
public async Task<string> Read(StreamSocket socket)
{
    var _dataReader = new DataReader(socket.InputStream);
    // 读取消息长度
    await _dataReader.LoadAsync(sizeof(uint));
    uint msgLength = (uint)_dataReader.ReadUInt32();
    // 读取消息的内容
    await _dataReader.LoadAsync(msgLength);
    return _dataReader.ReadString(msgLength);
}

 

三、NFC

当两个设备距离较近时，可以使用近场通信技术，本文演示一个使用近场通信制作聊天软件的例子。

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<Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
    <TextBlock x:Name="textblock1"  Text="连接状态：未连接" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,0,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top">
    </TextBlock>
    <TextBox x:Name="textbox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="72" Margin="0,27,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="386"/>
    <Button Content="发送" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="369,29,-9,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
    <ListBox x:Name="listbox1" Margin="0,100,0,0" Grid.Row="1"/>
</Grid>
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public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
{
    ProximityDevice device;
 
    long typeId = -1;
    long msgId = -1;
    public MainPage()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
 
        device = ProximityDevice.GetDefault();
        if (device == null)
        {
            IsEnabled = false;
            textblock1.Text = "您的手机不支持NFC功能";
        }
        else
        {
            //设备进入NFC识别范围时触发
            device.DeviceArrived += device_DeviceArrived;
            //设备离开NFC识别范围时触发
            device.DeviceDeparted += device_DeviceDeparted;
        }
    }
 
    //设备进入NFC识别范围时触发
    void device_DeviceArrived(ProximityDevice sender)
    {
        //创建消息订阅，创建好后就可以直接发消息了
        typeId = sender.SubscribeForMessage("Windows.MyMsgType", MsgReceivedHandler);
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock1.Text = "连接状态：已连接");
    }
 
    //设备离开NFC识别范围时触发
    void device_DeviceDeparted(ProximityDevice sender)
    {
        if (typeId != -1)
        {
            //取消消息订阅
            sender.StopSubscribingForMessage(typeId);
            typeId = -1;
        }
 
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock1.Text = "连接状态：连接中断");
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 接收到消息后的处理逻辑
    /// </summary>
    void MsgReceivedHandler(ProximityDevice sender, ProximityMessage message)
    {
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
        {
            listbox1.Items.Add(("对方：" + message.DataAsString));
        });
    }
 
    /// <summary>
    /// 发送消息按钮按下时
    /// </summary>
    private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (textbox1.Text != string.Empty)
        {
            listbox1.Items.Add("我：" + textbox1.Text);
 
            if (msgId != -1)
                device.StopPublishingMessage(msgId);
 
            msgId = device.PublishMessage("Windows.MyMsgType", textbox1.Text);
        }
    }
}

现在我们看看在模拟器中的效果，如下图。模拟器中实现NFC的模拟效果请下载：http://proximitytapper.codeplex.com


四、获取网络状态

很多时候，应用可能需要利用到网络，这个时候我们需要获取一些信息，比如网络是否连接，当前是连接到WiFi还是运营商蜂窝网络。这些信息关系到您的应用是否能正常工作，或者是否处于免费网络下可执行高流量下载等操作。

1. 数据感知

数据感知功能可以用来获取网络成本信息以及流量计划，帮助用户合理使用手机流量，我们看看使用方法。

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var connectionProfile = Windows.Networking.Connectivity.NetworkInformation.GetInternetConnectionProfile();
 
//网络接口类型
var ianaInterfaceType = connectionProfile.NetworkAdapter.IanaInterfaceType;
 
//连接成本信息
var connectionCost = connectionProfile.GetConnectionCost();
 
//当前的网络使用成本
var networkCostType = connectionCost.NetworkCostType;
//计划流量是否快用完
var approachingDataLimit = connectionCost.ApproachingDataLimit;
//是否超过计划流量
var overDataLimit = connectionCost.OverDataLimit;
//是否漫游
var roaming = connectionCost.Roaming;

2. 网络信息获取

我们可以通过API获取网络接口状态，检查手机数据网络以及WiFi连接情况等。

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<!--ContentPanel - 在此处放置其他内容-->
<Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
<TextBlock x:Name="textblock1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="157,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="17,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="移动运营商：" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
 
 
<TextBlock x:Name="textblock2" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="154,50,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="220" Width="292"/>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="14,50,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="网络信息：" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
    <TextBlock x:Name="textblock3" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="91,275,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="未知" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="182" Width="365"/>
    <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="17,275,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="106" Width="69">
        <Run Text="套接字连接信息："/>
    </TextBlock>
    <Button Content="<-" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="370,617,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="86" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
</Grid>
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Socket socket;
protected override void OnNavigatedTo(System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs e)
{
 
    //移动运营商
    textblock1.Text = DeviceNetworkInformation.CellularMobileOperator;
 
 
 
    //网络信息
    System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
    sb.Append("网络是否可用:  ");
    sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsNetworkAvailable.ToString());
    sb.Append("是否启用蜂窝数据:  ");
    sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataEnabled.ToString());
    sb.Append("是否允许漫游:  ");
    sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataRoamingEnabled.ToString());
    sb.Append("是否启用Wi-Fi:  ");
    sb.AppendLine(DeviceNetworkInformation.IsWiFiEnabled.ToString());
 
    //网络接口信息
    sb.Append("网络接口类型:  ");
    var networkInterfaceType = NetworkInterface.NetworkInterfaceType;
    var networkInterfaceTypeString = networkInterfaceType.ToString() + "(" + InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(networkInterfaceType) + ")";
    sb.AppendLine(networkInterfaceTypeString);
 
    sb.Append("网络接口子类型:  ");
    var networkSubInterfaceTypeString = string.Empty;
    DeviceNetworkInformation.ResolveHostNameAsync(new DnsEndPoint("www.baidu.com", 80),
        new NameResolutionCallback(x =>
            {
                networkSubInterfaceTypeString = x.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype.ToString() + "[" + InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(x.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype) + "]";
 
                sb.AppendLine(networkSubInterfaceTypeString);
                Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => { textblock2.Text = sb.ToString(); });
            }), null);
 
 
 
    //套接字连接信息
    DnsEndPoint hostEntry = new DnsEndPoint("www.baidu.com", 80);
    socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
    //设置连接要求，必须为使用蜂窝技术网络
    socket.SetNetworkRequirement(NetworkSelectionCharacteristics.Cellular);
    SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
    socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint = hostEntry;
    socketEventArg.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(delegate(object s, SocketAsyncEventArgs e1)
    {
        NetworkInterfaceInfo netInterfaceInfo = socket.GetCurrentNetworkInterface();
        StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();
        sb2.AppendLine("最后更新: " + DateTime.Now.ToString());
        sb2.Append("网络接口名: ");
        sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceName);
        sb2.Append("网络接口状态: ");
        sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceState.ToString());
        sb2.Append("网络接口类型: ");
        sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceType.ToString());
        sb2.Append("网络接口子类型: ");
        sb2.AppendLine(netInterfaceInfo.InterfaceSubtype.ToString());
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => textblock3.Text = sb2.ToString());
    });
    socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);
 
 
 
    base.OnNavigatedTo(e);
}
 
private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/Page1.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
}

3. 检测网络状态改变

手机的网络连接并不如电脑稳定，当你到信号不好的地方，或者自动连接上WiFi等情况，怎么通过代码自动监测呢，下面演示了当手机网络改变时，列举出日志清单，并实时刷新网络信息。

[XAML]
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<!--LayoutRoot 是包含所有页面内容的根网格-->
<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="Transparent">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
        <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
    <StackPanel x:Name="TitlePanel" Grid.Row="0" Margin="12,17,0,28">
        <TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationTitle" Text="网络状态改变测试" Style="{StaticResource PhoneTextNormalStyle}"/>
    </StackPanel>
 
    <Grid x:Name="ContentPanel" Grid.Row="1" Margin="12,0,12,0">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="可用的网络接口" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
        <ListBox Grid.Row="1" x:Name="lbNetworkInterfaces" ItemsSource="{Binding}" Background="LightGray" >
            <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding}" Margin="5,5,0,5" Foreground="Black"/>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        </ListBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Text="事件日志" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
        <ScrollViewer Grid.Row="3" Background="LightGray" BorderThickness="1">
            <ListBox x:Name="lbNetworkChanges" ItemsSource="{Binding}">
                <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                    <DataTemplate>
                        <TextBlock Text="{Binding}" Foreground="Black"
                                FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeNormal}" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="5,10,0,10"  />
                    </DataTemplate>
                </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
            </ListBox>
        </ScrollViewer>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="4" Text="网络状态" FontSize="{StaticResource PhoneFontSizeLarge}"/>
        <Grid Grid.Row="5" Background="LightGray" >
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
                <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Text="网络是否可用" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" />
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsNetworkAvailable" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black" />
 
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" >
                <Run Text="WiFi是否可用"/>
            </TextBlock>
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsWiFiEnabled" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black"/>
 
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" Text="是否启用蜂窝数据" Foreground="Black" Margin="5,5,0,5" />
            <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" x:Name="tbIsCellularDataEnabled" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Foreground="Black"/>
        </Grid>
        <Button Grid.Row="6" x:Name="btnChangeNetworkSettings" Content="飞行" Click="Button_Click_3" Margin="314,0,46,0"/>
        <Button Content="->" Margin="391,0,-15,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_1"/>
        <Button Content="刷新" Margin="-15,0,370,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_2"/>
        <Button Content="WiFi" Margin="66,0,288,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
        <Button Content="网络" Margin="150,0,204,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
        <Button Content="蓝牙" Margin="232,0,122,0" Grid.Row="6" Click="Button_Click_3" />
    </Grid>
</Grid>
[C#]
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public partial class Page1 : PhoneApplicationPage
{
 
    public ObservableCollection<string> Changes { get; set; }
 
    public ObservableCollection<string> NetworkInterfaces { get; set; }
 
    public Page1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
 
 
        // 网络可用性改变事件日志
        Changes = new ObservableCollection<string>();
        lbNetworkChanges.DataContext = Changes;
 
        //当前可用的网络接口
        NetworkInterfaces = new ObservableCollection<string>();
        lbNetworkInterfaces.DataContext = NetworkInterfaces;
        //网络可用性改变时
        DeviceNetworkInformation.NetworkAvailabilityChanged += new EventHandler<NetworkNotificationEventArgs>(ChangeDetected);
 
        UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
        UpdateNetworkStatus();
    }
 
    void ChangeDetected(object sender, NetworkNotificationEventArgs e)
    {
        string change = string.Empty;
        switch (e.NotificationType)
        {
            case NetworkNotificationType.InterfaceConnected:
                change = "连接: ";
                break;
            case NetworkNotificationType.InterfaceDisconnected:
                change = "断开: ";
                break;
            case NetworkNotificationType.CharacteristicUpdate:
                change = "变更: ";
                break;
            default:
                change = "未知: ";
                break;
        }
 
        string changeInformation = String.Format(" {0} {1} {2} ({3})",
                    DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString(), change, e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceName,
                    InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceType) + "," + InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(e.NetworkInterface.InterfaceSubtype));
 
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
        {
            Changes.Add(changeInformation);
            UpdateNetworkStatus();
            UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
 
        });
 
    }
 
    //更新网络接口
    private void UpdateNetworkInterfaces()
    {
 
        NetworkInterfaces.Clear();
        //获取网络接口列表
        NetworkInterfaceList networkInterfaceList = new NetworkInterfaceList();
        foreach (NetworkInterfaceInfo networkInterfaceInfo in networkInterfaceList)
        {
            NetworkInterfaces.Add(String.Format("{0} ({1},{2})",
                networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceName,
                InterfaceTypeConvert.Convert(networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceType),
                InterfaceTypeConvert.ConvertSub(networkInterfaceInfo.InterfaceSubtype)));
        }
    }
 
    //更新网络状态
    private void UpdateNetworkStatus()
    {
        tbIsCellularDataEnabled.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsCellularDataEnabled) ? "是" : "否";
        tbIsNetworkAvailable.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsNetworkAvailable) ? "是" : "否";
        tbIsWiFiEnabled.Text = (DeviceNetworkInformation.IsWiFiEnabled) ? "是" : "否";
    }
 
    //连接设置
    private void Button_Click_3(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        var settringTypeString = string.Empty;
        var button = sender as Button;
        if (button != null) settringTypeString = Convert.ToString(button.Content);
        var settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.WiFi;
        switch (settringTypeString)
        {
            case "飞行": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.AirplaneMode;
                break;
            case "网络": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.Cellular;
                break;
            case "蓝牙": settringType = ConnectionSettingsType.Bluetooth;
                break;
            default: break;
        }
 
        //连接设置选择框
        ConnectionSettingsTask connectionSettings = new ConnectionSettingsTask();
 
        // 连接设置的类型
        connectionSettings.ConnectionSettingsType = settringType;
        connectionSettings.Show();
    }
 
    //刷新
    private void Button_Click_2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        UpdateNetworkStatus();
        UpdateNetworkInterfaces();
        Changes.Clear();
    }
 
    private void Button_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/MainPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
    }
 
}

 

五、访问web的几种方式

Windows phone中访问Internet的方式主要有：通过套接字、WebClient 类、HttpWebRequest 类、服务引用等。套接字我们已经讲过。我主要讲解后面三种。

WebClient 类：一般用于通过访问URL获取特定的资源，下面是使用方法：

[C#]
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WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
 
webClient.DownloadStringAsync(new Uri("http://www.baidu.com", UriKind.Absolute));
webClient.DownloadStringCompleted += (a, b) =>
{
    if (b.Error == null && !b.Cancelled)
    {
        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(b.Result));
    }
};

HttpWebRequest 类：对http做了基本的实现，相当于比直接用socket方便一点。

[C#]
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Uri uri = new Uri("http://192.168.100.212");
HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri);
httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
//异步获取HTTP请求正文流
httpWebRequest.BeginGetRequestStream(new AsyncCallback(a =>
{
    var httpWebRequest2 = a.AsyncState as HttpWebRequest;
    var stream = httpWebRequest2.EndGetRequestStream(a);
    var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(stream);
    //在HTTP请求正文流中写入要POST的参数
    streamWriter.WriteLine("wd=111");
    streamWriter.Close();
    //开始异步的向远程主机发送HTTP请求
    httpWebRequest2.BeginGetResponse(new AsyncCallback(b =>
    {
        try
        {
            var httpWebRequest3 = b.AsyncState as HttpWebRequest;
            //请求执行完成，得到HTTP相应
            WebResponse webResponse = httpWebRequest3.EndGetResponse(b);
            var s = webResponse.ContentType;
            //获取到HTTP相应正文流
            var stream3 = webResponse.GetResponseStream();
            //读出来，转换成字符串
            var streamReader = new StreamReader(stream3, Encoding.UTF8);
            var text = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
 
            Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(text));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            var c = ex.Message;
        }
 
    }), httpWebRequest2);
 
}), httpWebRequest);

服务引用：其实于一般的服务引用一样，只不过这里只支持异步实现。

[C#]
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//添加服务引用后，下面代码为异步调用web服务
ServiceReference1.WebService1SoapClient c = new ServiceReference1.WebService1SoapClient();
c.HelloWorldAsync("");
c.HelloWorldCompleted += (a, b) =>
{
    Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show(b.Result));
};

 

作者：[Lipan]
出处：[http://www.cnblogs.com/lipan/]
版权声明：本文的版权归作者与博客园共有。转载时须注明原文出处以及作者，并保留原文指向型链接，不得更改原文内容。否则作者将保留追究其法律责任。
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