C#实现倒油算法

今天把上次在同学群里提到的算法用C#实现了,居然整了几个小时。

原题如下：12（a桶 满的 有12斤油）斤桶里 取出6斤油 有 另外有8斤（b桶）和5斤(c桶)两个空桶  让程序输出取出这6斤油的步骤

现在实现的算法可以配参数（定义有几个桶，初始有多少油，要得到多少油，都可以配），并且找出任意（多条线路或者找不到）满足条件的倒油线路图：

 

运行效果：

 

 

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //在此自定义相关初始信息
            Oil.初始油量 = "12,0,0";
            Oil.桶的容量 = "12,8,5";
            Oil.需求油量 = "6";

            Oil oil = new Oil();
            Status SuperStatus = oil.GetStartState();
            oil.status.Add(SuperStatus);
            oil.执行(SuperStatus);

            if (oil.Endstatus.Count == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("无法倒出指定质量大小的油。");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("共找到" + oil.Endstatus.Count.ToString()+"条倒油线路：");
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < oil.Endstatus.Count; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(oil.翻译路线(oil.Endstatus[i]));
            }
        }
    }

    class Oil
    {
        public static string 桶的容量;
        public static string 初始油量;
        public static string 需求油量;

        //自动记录桶的总数
        int count;

        public Oil()
        {

            count = 桶的容量.Split(',').Count();
            capacity = new int[count];
            for (int i=0;i<count;i++)
            {
                capacity[i] = Convert.ToInt32(桶的容量.Split(',')[i]);
            }
        }

        public int[] capacity; //new int[] { 12, 8, 5 };
        public List<Status> status = new List<Status>();
        public List<Status> Endstatus = new List<Status>();

        Status 倒油(Status state, int a, int b)
        {
            //排除不可倒的情况
            if (state.OilState[a] == 0) return null;
            if (state.OilState[b] == capacity[b]) return null;


            //倒油操作
            //先定义成功倒油后的新状态
            Status newStatus = new Status();
            newStatus.OilState = new int[count];
            state.OilState.CopyTo(newStatus.OilState, 0);
            newStatus.Father = state;

            if (state.OilState[a] > capacity[b] - state.OilState[b])
            {
                newStatus.OilState[a] -= capacity[b] - state.OilState[b];
                newStatus.OilState[b] = capacity[b];
            }
            else
            {
                newStatus.OilState[a] = 0;
                newStatus.OilState[b] += state.OilState[a];
            }

            //判断倒油后的新状态是否在状态列表中存在
            bool IsExist = false;
            foreach (var s in status)
            {
                bool mark = true;
                for (int i = 0; i < newStatus.OilState.Count(); i++)
                {
                    if (newStatus.OilState[i] != s.OilState[i]) mark = false;
                }
                if (mark)
                {
                    IsExist = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (IsExist)
            {
                return null;
            }
            else
            {
                status.Add(newStatus);
                return newStatus;
            }
        }

        public void 执行(Status SuperStatus)
        {
            //如果找到一条路线
            if (SuperStatus.OilState.Contains(Convert.ToInt32(需求油量)))
            {
                Endstatus.Add(SuperStatus);
                ArrangeStatus();

                执行(GetStartState());
                return;
            }


            for (int a = 0; a < count; a++)
            {
                for (int b = 0; b < count; b++)
                {
                    if (b != a)
                    {
                        Status newStatus = 倒油(SuperStatus, a, b);
                        if (newStatus != null)
                        {
                            执行(newStatus);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public string 翻译路线(Status endState)
        {
            string theWay = string.Empty;
            Status s = endState;
            while (s != null)
            {
                string wayNode = string.Empty;
                foreach (var a in s.OilState)
                {
                    wayNode += a.ToString() + " ";
                }
                if (theWay == string.Empty) theWay += wayNode;
                else theWay = wayNode.Trim() + "→" + theWay;

                s = s.Father;
            }
            return theWay;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 整理状态表，为寻求新路线做准备
        /// </summary>
        public void ArrangeStatus()
        {
            status.Clear();
            for (int i = 0; i < Endstatus.Count; i++)
            {
                Status s = Endstatus[i];
                while (s != null)
                {
                    status.Add(s);
                    s = s.Father;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取开始状态
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Status GetStartState()
        {
            Status status = new Status();
            status.Father = null;
            status.OilState = new int[count];
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            {
                status.OilState[i] = Convert.ToInt32(初始油量.Split(',')[i]);
            }
            return status;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 记录各桶当前所装油量的状态信息
    /// </summary>
    class Status
    {
        public int[] OilState;
        public Status Father;
    }

}