用C#实现AES加密和解密

    AES 是一个新的可以用于保护电子数据的加密算法。明确地说，AES 是一个迭代的、对称密钥分组的密码，它可以使用128、192 和 256 位密钥，并且用 128 位（16字节）分组加密和解密数据。与公共密钥密码使用密钥对不同，对称密钥密码使用相同的密钥加密和解密数据。通过分组密码返回的加密数据 的位数与输入数据相同。迭代加密使用一个循环结构，在该循环中重复置换（permutations ）和替换(substitutions）输入数据。

需要加入引用   using System.Security.Cryptography;

 /// <summary>
        /// 有密码的AES加密 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text">加密字符</param>
        /// <param name="password">加密的密码</param>
        /// <param name="iv">密钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string AESEncrypt(string text, string password, string iv)
        {
            RijndaelManaged rijndaelCipher = new RijndaelManaged();

            rijndaelCipher.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;

            rijndaelCipher.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;

            rijndaelCipher.KeySize = 128;

            rijndaelCipher.BlockSize = 128;

            byte[] pwdBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(password);

            byte[] keyBytes = new byte[16];

            int len = pwdBytes.Length;

            if (len > keyBytes.Length) len = keyBytes.Length;

            System.Array.Copy(pwdBytes, keyBytes, len);

            rijndaelCipher.Key = keyBytes;


            byte[] ivBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv);
            rijndaelCipher.IV = ivBytes;

            ICryptoTransform transform = rijndaelCipher.CreateEncryptor();

            byte[] plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);

            byte[] cipherBytes = transform.TransformFinalBlock(plainText, 0, plainText.Length);

            return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherBytes);

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 随机生成密钥
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetIv(int n)
        {
            char[] arrChar = new char[]{
           'a','b','d','c','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','p','r','q','s','t','u','v','w','z','y','x',
           '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9',
           'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','Q','P','R','T','S','V','U','W','X','Y','Z'
          };

            StringBuilder num = new StringBuilder();

            Random rnd = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                num.Append(arrChar[rnd.Next(0, arrChar.Length)].ToString());

            }

            return num.ToString();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// AES解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text"></param>
        /// <param name="password"></param>
        /// <param name="iv"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string AESDecrypt(string text, string password, string iv)
        {
            RijndaelManaged rijndaelCipher = new RijndaelManaged();

            rijndaelCipher.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;

            rijndaelCipher.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;

            rijndaelCipher.KeySize = 128;

            rijndaelCipher.BlockSize = 128;

            byte[] encryptedData = Convert.FromBase64String(text);

            byte[] pwdBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(password);

            byte[] keyBytes = new byte[16];

            int len = pwdBytes.Length;

            if (len > keyBytes.Length) len = keyBytes.Length;

            System.Array.Copy(pwdBytes, keyBytes, len);

            rijndaelCipher.Key = keyBytes;

            byte[] ivBytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv);
            rijndaelCipher.IV = ivBytes;

            ICryptoTransform transform = rijndaelCipher.CreateDecryptor();

            byte[] plainText = transform.TransformFinalBlock(encryptedData, 0, encryptedData.Length);

            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainText);

        }