【Netty】ByteBuf.release() was not called before it's garbage-collected

1 现象

  • 线上应用运行一段时间就发生应用重启,临时调整内存大小,降低重启频率,给定位问题和修复缺陷腾点时间,对业务使用降低影响(重启存在短时不可用状态,秒级别);
  • 线上使用过程中发现文件无法上传;文件下载没问题;业务增删改查使用正常;
  • 日志报错:
    • 提示无法申请直接内存,已超出最大可申请的直接内存;
    • 提示存在垃圾回收前ByteBuf未释放;
2021-02-18 16:17:58.399	2021-02-18 16:17:58.399 ERROR 1 --- [oServerWorker-2] c.c.c.g.p.i.ClientToProxyConnection : (AWAITING_INITIAL) [id: 0xedf191be, L:/172.30.173.45:8080 - R:/172.30.146.1:35754]: Caught an exception on ClientToProxyConnection
2021-02-18 16:17:58.399	io.netty.util.internal.OutOfDirectMemoryError: failed to allocate 16777216 byte(s) of direct memory (used: 2781194413, max: 2793406464)
2021-02-18 16:17:58.399	at io.netty.util.internal.PlatformDependent.incrementMemoryCounter(PlatformDependent.java:725) ~[netty-all-4.1.42.Final.jar:4.1.42.Final]

2021-02-18 16:33:59.636	2021-02-18 16:33:59.636 ERROR 1 --- [oServerWorker-0] i.n.u.ResourceLeakDetector : LEAK: ByteBuf.release() was not called before it's garbage-collected. See https://netty.io/wiki/reference-counted-objects.html for more information.
2021-02-18 16:33:59.636	Recent access records:
2021-02-18 16:33:59.636	#1:
2021-02-18 16:33:59.636	io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator$AggregatedFullHttpMessage.release(HttpObjectAggregator.java:379)

2021-02-18 17:13:36.840 ERROR 55896 --- [oServerWorker-3] i.n.u.ResourceLeakDetector               : LEAK: ByteBuf.release() was not called before it's garbage-collected. See https://netty.io/wiki/reference-counted-objects.html for more information.
Recent access records:
Created at:
     io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator.newDirectBuffer(PooledByteBufAllocator.java:349)
     io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:187)
     io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBufAllocator.directBuffer(AbstractByteBufAllocator.java:178)
     io.netty.buffer.CompositeByteBuf.allocBuffer(CompositeByteBuf.java:1835)
     io.netty.buffer.CompositeByteBuf.copy(CompositeByteBuf.java:1487)
     io.netty.buffer.AbstractByteBuf.copy(AbstractByteBuf.java:1209)
     io.netty.buffer.WrappedCompositeByteBuf.copy(WrappedCompositeByteBuf.java:493)
	 io.netty.buffer.AdvancedLeakAwareCompositeByteBuf.copy(AdvancedLeakAwareCompositeByteBuf.java:681)
io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator$AggregatedFullHttpRequest.copy(HttpObjectAggregator.java:405)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ClientToProxyConnection.copy(ClientToProxyConnection.java:848)
org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ClientToProxyConnection.doReadHTTPInitial(ClientToProxyConnection.java:163)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ClientToProxyConnection.readHTTPInitial(ClientToProxyConnection.java:140)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ClientToProxyConnection.readHTTPInitial(ClientToProxyConnection.java:56)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ProxyConnection.readHTTP(ProxyConnection.java:116)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ProxyConnection.read(ProxyConnection.java:101)
	org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ProxyConnection.channelRead0(ProxyConnection.java:477)
io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler.channelRead(SimpleChannelInboundHandler.java:105)

2 分析

  • Netty依赖于ByteBuf管理直接内存,但ByteBuf的引用由JVM管理,当ByteBuf引用置为空,但实际申请的直接内存未释放就会导致直接内存溢出;
  • 从提示中定位到org.littleshoot.proxy.impl.ClientToProxyConnection.copy方法;查询Github LittleProxy的issue,也有小伙伴遇到同样的问题,参考他的实现,不返回copy,而是直接返回original试试看。

3 改造

(1)添加直接内存检测日志

int maxMemoryInKb = (int) (PlatformDependent.maxDirectMemory() / 1024);
int used = (int) (PlatformDependent.usedDirectMemory() / 1024);
log.info("netty_direct_memory:used({}k) max({}k)", memoryInKb, used, maxMemoryInKb);

(2)ClientToProxyConnection的copy方法修复

private HttpRequest copy(HttpRequest original) {
    if (original instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
        return original; // 注释掉 ((FullHttpRequest) original).copy();
    } else {
        HttpRequest request = new DefaultHttpRequest(original.protocolVersion(), original.method(), original.uri());
        request.headers().set(original.headers());
        return request;
    }
}

4 本地测试

(1)本地打包应用启动

java -jar -verbose:gc -Xloggc:/tmp/gc.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=3M -XX:-TraceClassUnloading -Djava.io.tmpdir=/tmp -XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=$JAVA_HOME/bin/killjava.sh  -XX:+ExitOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:+UseG1GC -Xss228K -Xmx317161K -Xms317161K -XX:MetaspaceSize=64M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=64M -Dio.netty.leakDetectionLevel=paranoid -Dio.netty.maxDirectMemory=67108864 gateway-app.jar > log.out
  • GC日志打印相关参数:-verbose:gc -Xloggc:/tmp/gc.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=3M -XX:-TraceClassUnloading -Djava.io.tmpdir=/tmp
  • OOM退出参数:-XX:OnOutOfMemoryError=$JAVA_HOME/bin/killjava.sh -XX:+ExitOnOutOfMemoryError
  • Netty相关参数:
    • -Dio.netty.leakDetectionLevel=paranoid 溢出检测级别
      • disabled:禁用;
      • 默认为simple:取样1%的ByteBuf是否发生泄漏,不打印详细泄露日志;
      • advanced:取样1%的ByteBuf是否发生泄漏,打印详细泄露日志;
      • paranoid:检测所有的ByteBuf是否发生泄漏,打印详细泄露日志;(正式上线需去掉,以免影响性能。)
    • -Dio.netty.maxDirectMemory=67108864 Netty最大直接内存设置
      • 参数需实际情况设置,关键指标为并发数,Netty性能再高也存在内存正常占用的情况,需要使用完后‘释放’,所以当并发50与并发100配置的大小差距很大;
      • 默认不配置时,取系统中最大可用的直接内存;
  • 分代GC相关参数:-XX:+UseG1GC -Xss228K -Xmx317161K -Xms317161K -XX:MetaspaceSize=64M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=64M
  • 日志输出:gateway-app.jar > log.out

注:对溢出检测感兴趣可以看看ResourceLeakDetector、SimpleLeakAwareByteBuf、AbstractByteBufAllocator等几个类。

(2)压测

  • 使用Jmeter工具模拟文件上传,并发数缓慢提升,避免直接撑爆最大直接内存,持续压测30分钟;
  • 使用jvisualvm或jconsole观察JVM内存状态,只会发生10多次NewGC;
  • 查看log.out日志中,搜索'ERROR'级别日志;(原先版本基本高负载运行5~10分钟便可以看到内存溢出的提示日志)
  • 查看log.out日志中,查看直接内存增长情况;

5 测试环境

(1)提交代码自动化部署至测试环境

(2)压测

  • 使用Jmeter工具模拟文件上传,并发数缓慢提升,避免直接撑爆最大直接内存,持续压测30分钟;
  • 查看log.out日志,搜索'ERROR'级别日志;(原先版本基本高负载运行5~10分钟便可以看到内存溢出的提示日志);
  • 查看log.out日志中,查看直接内存增长情况;
  • jstat -gcutil pid interval:如:jstat -gcutil jvmPid 1000(1号进程每一秒输出jvm内存状态,百分比);
  • jstat -gccapacity pid interval:如:jstat -gcutil jvmPid 1000(1号进程每一秒输出jvm内存状态,字节数);
  • top 查看进程内存、CPU占用情况;

6 生产上线

  • 观察每天的请求量,请求量与原先差不多,内存短暂飙升后趋于稳定;
  • 观察直接内存使用情况:基本稳定使用163840k/2727936k = 6%;
  • 观察异常日志情况:暂无发现异常;
posted @ 2021-02-28 11:19  月下小魔王  阅读(1535)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报