树的基本操作(C语言)

 

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <queue>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

typedef struct _btree
{
    int data;
    struct _btree *left;
    struct _btree *right;
}btree,*ptree;

ptree BuildTree(int data[]);
void PrintTree(ptree ptr);
void CountLeaf(ptree ptr,int &count);
void leaveorderoutput(ptree ptr);
int depth(ptree ptr);
void countElem(ptree ptr,int &elem);
ptree copyTree(ptree ptr);
void DeleteTree(ptree ptr);

int main(void)
{
    int array[10];
    int count=0;
    int countelem=0;
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
    {
        array[i]=rand()%10;
    }
    
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
    {
        printf("%d ",array[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    ptree root=BuildTree(array);
    
    PrintTree(root);
    printf("\n");
    
    CountLeaf(root,count);
    printf("CountLeaf:%d\n",count);
    
    leaveorderoutput(root);
    printf("\n");
    int depthval=depth(root);
    printf("depth:%d\n",depthval);
    countElem(root,countelem);
    printf("count elem:%d\n",countelem);
    
    ptree root2=copyTree(root);
    PrintTree(root2);
    printf("\n");
    
    DeleteTree(root);
    DeleteTree(root2);
}

ptree BuildTree(int data[])
{
    ptree root=NULL;
    int i=0;
    root=(ptree)malloc(sizeof(btree));
    root->data=data[i++];
    root->left=NULL;
    root->right=NULL;
    ptree ptr=root,pre;
    while(i!=10)
    {
        ptr=root;
    while(ptr != NULL)
    {
        pre=ptr;
        if(data[i]>ptr->data)
        {
            ptr=ptr->left;
        }
        else
        {
            ptr=ptr->right;
        }
    }
    
    ptr=(ptree)malloc(sizeof(btree));
    ptr->data=data[i++];
    ptr->left=NULL;
    ptr->right=NULL;
    
    if(ptr->data > pre->data)
    {
        pre->left=ptr;
    }
    else
    {
        pre->right=ptr;
    }
    }
    
    return root;
}

void PrintTree(ptree ptr)
{
    if(ptr != NULL)
    {
        PrintTree(ptr->left);
        printf("%d ",ptr->data);
        //PrintTree(ptr->left);
        PrintTree(ptr->right);
    }
}

void CountLeaf(ptree ptr,int &count)
{
    if(ptr != NULL)
    {
        if(ptr->left == NULL && ptr->right == NULL)
        {
            ++count;
        }
        CountLeaf(ptr->left,count);
        CountLeaf(ptr->right,count);
    }
}

void leaveorderoutput(ptree ptr)    // 显示每层元素 
{
    queue<ptree> q;
    ptree p;
    
    q.push(ptr);
    
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        p=q.front();
        q.pop();
        printf("%d ",p->data);
        if(p->left != NULL)
        {
            q.push(p->left);
        }
        if(p->right != NULL)
        {
            q.push(p->right);
        }
    } 
}

int depth(ptree ptr)
{
    int depthLeft,depthRight,depthval;
    
    if(ptr == NULL)
    {
        depthval=-1;
    }
    else
    {
        depthLeft=depth(ptr->left);
        depthRight=depth(ptr->right);
        depthval=1+(depthLeft>depthRight ? depthLeft:depthRight);
    }
    return depthval;
}

void countElem(ptree ptr,int &elem)
{
    if(ptr != NULL)
    {
        ++elem;
        countElem(ptr->left,elem);
        countElem(ptr->right,elem);
    }
}

ptree copyTree(ptree ptr)
{
    ptree newLeft,newRight,newNode;
    if(ptr==NULL)
    {
        return NULL;
    }
    
    newLeft=copyTree(ptr->left);
    newRight=copyTree(ptr->right);
    newNode=(ptree)malloc(sizeof(btree));
    newNode->data=ptr->data;
    newNode->left=newLeft;
    newNode->right=newRight;
    return newNode;
}

void DeleteTree(ptree ptr)
{
    if(ptr != NULL)
    {
        DeleteTree(ptr->left);
        DeleteTree(ptr->right);
        free(ptr);
    }
}