VMware虚拟机下为Ubuntu添加磁盘

20G的磁盘还是不够用啊，正好复习下磁盘分区和逻辑卷。

关闭虚拟机，打开VMware，右键虚拟机点击设置，点下下方的添加，就可以添加磁盘了。

进入虚拟机，查看：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

root@ubuntu:/# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xe0f58c4a   Device     Boot    Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type /dev/sda1  *        2048 39845887 39843840   19G 83 Linux /dev/sda2       39847934 41940991  2093058 1022M  5 Extended /dev/sda5       39847936 41940991  2093056 1022M 82 Linux swap / Solaris     Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

新的磁盘/dev/sdb已添加。

创建分区

创建一个5G分区：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

root@ubuntu:/# fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): n Partition type    p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)    e   extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 3 First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +5G   Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 5 GiB.

格式修改为8e(逻辑卷必须)：

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Command (m for help): t   Selected partition 3 Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.   Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x1df1b6c7   Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdb3        2048 10487807 10485760   5G 8e Linux LVM

保存：

?

1 2 3 4

Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

创建物理卷PV

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

root@ubuntu:/# pvcreate /dev/sdb3   Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created root@ubuntu:/# pvdisplay   "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB"   --- NEW Physical volume ---   PV Name               /dev/sdb3   VG Name                 PV Size               5.00 GiB   Allocatable           NO   PE Size               0     Total PE              0   Free PE               0   Allocated PE          0   PV UUID               2rydZg-wXnl-vBlo-EhZ7-T2YC-CRoc-Gw3NyP      root@ubuntu:/# pvs   PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize PFree   /dev/sdb3       lvm2 ---  5.00g 5.00g

创建卷组VG

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

root@ubuntu:/# vgcreate vgvg /dev/sdb3   Volume group "vgvg" successfully created root@ubuntu:/# vgdisplay   --- Volume group ---   VG Name               vgvg   System ID               Format                lvm2   Metadata Areas        1   Metadata Sequence No  1   VG Access             read/write   VG Status             resizable   MAX LV                0   Cur LV                0   Open LV               0   Max PV                0   Cur PV                1   Act PV                1   VG Size               5.00 GiB   PE Size               4.00 MiB   Total PE              1279   Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0     Free  PE / Size       1279 / 5.00 GiB   VG UUID               t9Ehku-ALdl-FCjl-sakI-sqDe-vx4H-lLqmIz      root@ubuntu:/# vgs   VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree   vgvg   1   0   0 wz--n- 5.00g 5.00g

创建逻辑卷LV

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

root@ubuntu:/# lvcreate -L 4G -n lvlv vgvg   Logical volume "lvlv" created. root@ubuntu:/# lvdisplay   --- Logical volume ---   LV Path                /dev/vgvg/lvlv   LV Name                lvlv   VG Name                vgvg   LV UUID                nP2sGc-KGyU-zJZ1-IFk7-aMjC-39tm-sdgkue   LV Write Access        read/write   LV Creation host, time ubuntu, 2018-01-06 10:20:19 -0800   LV Status              available   # open                 0   LV Size                4.00 GiB   Current LE             1024   Segments               1   Allocation             inherit   Read ahead sectors     auto   - currently set to     256   Block device           253:0      root@ubuntu:/# lvs   LV   VG   Attr       LSize Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert   lvlv vgvg -wi-a----- 4.00g

格式化并且挂载

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

root@ubuntu:/# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgvg/lvlv mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) Creating filesystem with 1048576 4k blocks and 262144 inodes Filesystem UUID: fcffe231-a2b5-429c-b95c-1884cef6cfeb Superblock backups stored on blocks:     32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736   Allocating group tables: done                            Writing inode tables: done                            Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   root@ubuntu:/# mkdir /lvmdata root@ubuntu:/# mount /dev/vgvg/lvlv /lvmdata

快照卷命令：

?

1 2 3 4

lvcreate             -s ：指定快照卷；             -p r：限定快照卷为只读； 格式： lvcreate -L SIZE-s -p r -n LV_NAME /path/to/lv

创建快照卷：

?

1	lvcreate -L 100M -s -p r -n lvm-snap /dev/vgvg/lvlv

挂载：

?

1	mount -o ro /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap  /media/

删除：

?

1 2	umount /media/ lvremove /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap

要恢复快照的话，首先卸载：

?

1	umount /lvmdata/

然后使用快照恢复：

?

1 2 3 4

root@ubuntu:~# lvconvert --merge /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap   Merging of volume lvm-snap started.   lvlv: Merged: 100.0%   lvlv: Merged: 100.0%

再挂载即可：

?

1	root@ubuntu:~# mount /dev/vgvg/lvlv /lvmdata/

内容已恢复快照内容。