LVS入门篇(五)之LVS+Keepalived实战

一、实验架构和环境说明

(1)本次基于VMware Workstation搭建一个四台Linux(CentOS 7.4)系统所构成的一个服务器集群,其中两台负载均衡服务器(一台为主机,另一台为备机),另外两台作为真实的Web服务器。
(2)本次实验基于DR负载均衡模式,设置了一个VIP(Virtual IP)为192.168.56.20,用户只需要访问这个IP地址即可获得网页服务。其中,负载均衡主机为192.168.56.12,备机为192.168.56.13。Web服务器RS1为192.168.56.11,Web服务器B为192.168.56.14。

 二、配置2台web服务器

(1)在realserver上部署Nginx并配置主页

[root@rs1 ~]# yum install -y nginx
[root@rs2 ~]# yum install -y nginx
[root@rs1 ~]# echo "welcome to use RS1 192.168.56.11" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@rs1 ~]# echo "welcome to use RS1 192.168.56.14" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@rs1 ~]# curl 192.168.56.11
<h1>welcome to use RS1 192.168.56.11</h1>
[root@rs2 ~]# curl 192.168.56.14
<h1>welcome to use RS1 192.168.56.14</h1>

(2)在rs1和rs2上编辑realserver脚本并执行,此处贴rs1脚本详情

[root@rs1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/realserver
#!/bin/bash
SNS_VIP=192.168.56.20
/etc/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
       ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
       /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "RealServer Start OK"
       ;;
stop)
       ifconfig lo:0 down
       route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       echo "RealServer Stoped"
       ;;
*)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
       exit 1
esac
exit 0

[root@rs1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/realserver 
[root@rs1 ~]# /etc/init.d/realserver start
RealServer Start OK

三、配置主负载均衡器

(1)lb01和lb02上安装Keepalived

[root@lb01 ~]# yum install -y keepalived
[root@lb02 ~]# yum install -y keepalived

(2)编辑lb01和lb02上的keepalived.conf配置文件

[root@lb01 ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf{,.bak}  #备份源文件
[root@lb01 ~]# > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf       #清空源文件
[root@lb01 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf      #编辑keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
    123456@qq.com
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id lb01
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER  #指定Keepalived的角色,MASTER为主,BACKUP为备
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 55  #虚拟路由id号,主备需要一直
    priority 150  #优先级,数值越大,优先级越高
    advert_int 1  #检测间隔,默认为1s
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS  #认证类型
        auth_pass 1111  #认证密码
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.56.20/24   #设置DR的虚拟ip,可以多设,一行一个
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.56.20 80 {  #定义LVS对外提供服务的VIP为192.168.56.20和port为80
    delay_loop 6  #设置健康检查时间,单位为秒
    lb_algo wrr   #设置负载均衡调度算法为wrr
    lb_kind DR    #设置LVS实现负载均衡机制为DR模式
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0  
    persistence_timeout 20  #会话保持超时配置
    protocol TCP  #使用TCP协议检查realserver的状态
    
    real_server 192.168.56.11 80 {  #配置真实服务器节点和端口
        weight 100  #权重
        TCP_CHECK {
    connect_timeout 10  #连接超时,单位为秒
     nb_get_retry 3    #重试连接次数
    connect_port 80     #连接端口
        }
    }
    
    real_server 192.168.56.14 80 {
        weight 100
       TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        connect_port 80
    }
    }
}

从负载均衡服务器与主负载服务器大致相同,只是在keepalived的配置文件中需要改以下两处:
  (1)将state由MASTER改为BACKUP
  (2)将priority由100改为99

 配置完成后,启动Keepalived

[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@lb02 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@lb01 ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.56.20:80 wrr persistent 20
  -> 192.168.56.11:80             Route   100    0          0         
  -> 192.168.56.14:80             Route   100    0          0         
[root@lb02 ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.56.20:80 wrr persistent 20
  -> 192.168.56.11:80             Route   100    0          0         
  -> 192.168.56.14:80             Route   100    0          0         
[root@lb01 ~]# ip addr |grep 192.168.56.20  #查看lb01上是否存在VIP
    inet 192.168.56.20/24 scope global secondary eth0
[root@lb02 ~]# ip addr |grep 192.168.56.20  #查看lb02上是否存在VIP,如果有说明存在脑裂

四、验证测试访问http://192.168.56.20

(1)指定请求的均衡转发:因为两个Web服务器的权重都一样,所以会依次转发给两个Web服务器

 

(2)Web服务器发生故障时

模拟停止192.168.56.14,暂停其Nginx服务,再进行访192.168.56.20,可以看到只会从11上获取页面

[root@rs2 html]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
Stopping nginx:                                            [  OK  ]

从负载均衡器的状态监控上,也可以看到192.168.56.14这台服务器已经从集群中剔除,当故障修复后,再查看调度器状态信息,可以看到rs2已经重新加入集群当中

[root@lb01 ~]# ipvsadm -L -n  #lb01上查看调度信息,可以看到rs2已经从集群中剔除
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.56.20:80 wrr persistent 20
  -> 192.168.56.11:80             Route   100    0          2       
[root@rs2 html]#
/etc/init.d/nginx start  #重启rs2上的nginx服务 Starting nginx:    [ OK ] [root@lb01 ~]# ipvsadm -L -n  #可以看到rs2又重新加入到集群当中提供服务 IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 192.168.56.20:80 wrr persistent 20 -> 192.168.56.11:80 Route 100 2 1 -> 192.168.56.14:80 Route 100 0 0

(3)主负载均衡服务器发生故障时,备机立即充当主机角色提供请求转发服务

 模拟停止lb01上的keepalived服务,可以看到lb01上的vip漂移到了lb02上,但继续访问vip却不受影响。当主负载均衡器(lb01)服务恢复时,vip又会重新漂移到主负载均衡器上(lb01)

[root@lb01 ~]# ip addr |grep 192.168.56.20
    inet 192.168.56.20/24 scope global secondary eth0
[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@lb01 ~]# ip addr |grep 192.168.56.20
[root@lb02 ~]# ip addr |grep 192.168.56.20
    inet 192.168.56.20/24 scope global secondary eth0

posted @ 2018-07-25 11:56  烟雨浮华  阅读(1277)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报