Qt QPalette 使用总结

一、简介

在实际的应用中,经常需要对某个控件的颜色外观,如背景、前景色等,进行设置。Qt 中提供的调色板 QPalette 类就是专门用于管理控件的外观显示。QPalette 类相当于对话框或控件的调色板,管理着控件和窗体的所有颜色。每个窗体和控件都包含一个 QPalette 对象,在显示时,对其做相应的设置即可。

QPalette 有两个基本的概念:一个是ColorGroup;一个是ColorRole。

ColorGroup 有三种不同的状态:

  • Active:激活状态(获得焦点状态)
  • Disabled:禁用状态(未获得焦点状态)
  • Inactive:未激活状态(不可用状态)

ColorRole:

Qt_palette_B.png


二、常用接口

常用的设置颜色方法如下:

// 改变所有组下指定角色role的画刷颜色值
void QPalette::setBrush ( ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush )

// 改变指定组group下的指定角色role的画刷颜色值
void QPalette::setBrush ( ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QBrush & brush )

// 改变所有组下指定角色role的颜色值
void QPalette::setColor ( ColorRole role, const QColor & color )

// 改变指定组group下指定角色role的颜色值。
void QPalette::setColor ( ColorGroup group, ColorRole role, const QColor & color )   

三、示例

设置控件颜色的方法是先调用QWidget::palette()获取当前面板,修改它为自定义的值后再通过方法QWidget::setPalette设置为新修改的面板。

(1)设置窗口的背景色与文本颜色

pWidget->setAutoFillBackground(true);
QPalette palette;
palette.setColor(QPalette::Window, Qt::lightGray);  // 改变控件背景色  
palette.setColor(QPalette::WindowText, Qt::blue);   // 改变控件字体颜色
pWidget->setPalette(palette); // 设置为新修改的面板

注意:在设置控件背景色填充时,一定要调用setAutoFillBackground(true)函数,来运行自动填充背景。不然,程序中填充背景的代码不会起作用的。

(2)设置背景图片

pLabel->setAutoFillBackground(true);
QPalette palette;
palette.setBrush(QPalette::Background, QBrush(QPixmap(":/bg.jpg")));
pLabel->setPalette(palette); // 设置为新修改的面板

四、应用实例

Qt_palette_C.png


头文件:

#ifndef PALETTE_H
#define PALETTE_H

#include <QDialog>
#include <QComboBox>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QLineEdit>
class Palette : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Palette(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~Palette();
    void createCtrlFrame();			//完成窗体左半部分颜色选择区的创建
    void createContentFrame();		//完成窗体右半部分的创建
    void fillColorList(QComboBox *);
                                    //完成向颜色下拉列表框中插入颜色的工作
private slots:
    void ShowWindow();
    void ShowWindowText();
    void ShowButton();
    void ShowButtonText();
    void ShowBase();
private:
    QFrame *ctrlFrame;                  //颜色选择面板
    QLabel *windowLabel;
    QComboBox *windowComboBox;
    QLabel *windowTextLabel;
    QComboBox *windowTextComboBox;
    QLabel *buttonLabel;
    QComboBox *buttonComboBox;
    QLabel *buttonTextLabel;
    QComboBox *buttonTextComboBox;
    QLabel *baseLabel;
    QComboBox *baseComboBox;
    QFrame *contentFrame;              	//具体显示面板
    QLabel *label1;
    QComboBox *comboBox1;
    QLabel *label2;
    QLineEdit *lineEdit2;
    QTextEdit *textEdit;
    QPushButton *OkBtn;
    QPushButton *CancelBtn;
};
#endif // PALETTE_H

源文件:

#include "palette.h"
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QGridLayout>
Palette::Palette(QWidget *parent)
    : QDialog(parent)
{
    createCtrlFrame();
    createContentFrame();
    QHBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QHBoxLayout(this);
    mainLayout->addWidget(ctrlFrame);
    mainLayout->addWidget(contentFrame);
}

void Palette::createCtrlFrame()
{
    ctrlFrame =new QFrame;                  //颜色选择面板
    windowLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Window: "));
    windowComboBox =new QComboBox;			//创建一个QComboBox对象
    fillColorList(windowComboBox);			//向下拉列表框中插入各种不同的颜色选项
    connect(windowComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowWindow()));//连接下拉列表框的active()信号与高边背景色的槽函数ShowWindow()
    windowTextLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::WindowText: "));
    windowTextComboBox =new QComboBox;
    fillColorList(windowTextComboBox);
    connect(windowTextComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowWindowText()));
    buttonLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Button: "));
    buttonComboBox =new QComboBox;
    fillColorList(buttonComboBox);
    connect(buttonComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowButton()));
    buttonTextLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::ButtonText: "));
    buttonTextComboBox =new QComboBox;
    fillColorList(buttonTextComboBox);
    connect(buttonTextComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowButtonText()));
    baseLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Base: "));
    baseComboBox =new QComboBox;
    fillColorList(baseComboBox);
    connect(baseComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowBase()));
    QGridLayout *mainLayout=new QGridLayout(ctrlFrame);
    mainLayout->setSpacing(20);
    mainLayout->addWidget(windowLabel,0,0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(windowComboBox,0,1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(windowTextLabel,1,0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(windowTextComboBox,1,1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(buttonLabel,2,0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(buttonComboBox,2,1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(buttonTextLabel,3,0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(buttonTextComboBox,3,1);
    mainLayout->addWidget(baseLabel,4,0);
    mainLayout->addWidget(baseComboBox,4,1);
}

void Palette::createContentFrame()
{
    contentFrame =new QFrame;                	//具体显示面板
    label1 =new QLabel(tr("请选择一个值:"));
    comboBox1 =new QComboBox;
    label2 =new QLabel(tr("请输入字符串:"));
    lineEdit2 =new QLineEdit;
    textEdit =new QTextEdit;
    QGridLayout *TopLayout =new QGridLayout;
    TopLayout->addWidget(label1,0,0);
    TopLayout->addWidget(comboBox1,0,1);
    TopLayout->addWidget(label2,1,0);
    TopLayout->addWidget(lineEdit2,1,1);
    TopLayout->addWidget(textEdit,2,0,1,2);
    OkBtn =new QPushButton(tr("确认"));
    CancelBtn =new QPushButton(tr("取消"));
    QHBoxLayout *BottomLayout =new QHBoxLayout;
    BottomLayout->addStretch(1);
    BottomLayout->addWidget(OkBtn);
    BottomLayout->addWidget(CancelBtn);
    QVBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QVBoxLayout(contentFrame);
    mainLayout->addLayout(TopLayout);
    mainLayout->addLayout(BottomLayout);
}

void Palette::ShowWindow()
{
    //获得当前选择的颜色值
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
    QColor color = QColor(colorList[windowComboBox->currentIndex()]);
    QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();		//获得右部窗体contentFrame的调色板信息
    p.setColor(QPalette::Window,color);			//设置窗体的Window类颜色,即背景色
    //把修改后的调色板信息应用到contentFrame窗体中,更新显示
    contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    contentFrame->update();
}

void Palette::ShowWindowText()
{
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
    QColor color = colorList[windowTextComboBox->currentIndex()];
    QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
    p.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,color);
    contentFrame->setPalette(p);
}

void Palette::ShowButton()
{
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
    QColor color =QColor(colorList[buttonComboBox->currentIndex()]);
    QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
    p.setColor(QPalette::Button,color);
    contentFrame->setPalette(p);
    contentFrame->update();
}

void Palette::ShowButtonText()
{
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
    QColor color = QColor(colorList[buttonTextComboBox->currentIndex()]);
    QPalette p =contentFrame->palette();
    p.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText,color);
    contentFrame->setPalette(p);
}

void Palette::ShowBase()
{
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();
    QColor color = QColor(colorList[baseComboBox->currentIndex()]);
    QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();
    p.setColor(QPalette::Base,color);
    contentFrame->setPalette(p);
}

void Palette::fillColorList(QComboBox *comboBox)
{
    QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();	//获得qt所有内置名称的颜色名列表
    QString color;									
    foreach(color,colorList)						//对颜色名列表进行遍历
    {
        QPixmap pix(QSize(70,20));					//新建对象作为显示颜色的图标
        pix.fill(QColor(color));                    //为pix填充当前遍历的颜色
        comboBox->addItem(QIcon(pix),NULL);         //为下拉列表框插入条目
        comboBox->setIconSize(QSize(70,20));		//设置图标尺寸
        comboBox->setSizeAdjustPolicy(QComboBox::AdjustToContents);
                                                    //设置下拉列表的尺寸调整策略
    }
}

Palette::~Palette()
{

}

参考:

Qt: 调色板QPalette类用法详解(附实例、源码)


posted @ 2022-06-09 17:33  fengMisaka  阅读(1211)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报