07-2.部署 kubelet 组件
07-2.部署 kubelet 组件
kublet 运行在每个 worker 节点上，接收 kube-apiserver 发送的请求，管理 Pod 容器，执行交互式命令，如 exec、run、logs 等。
kublet 启动时自动向 kube-apiserver 注册节点信息，内置的 cadvisor 统计和监控节点的资源使用情况。
为确保安全，本文档只开启接收 https 请求的安全端口，对请求进行认证和授权，拒绝未授权的访问(如 apiserver、heapster)。
下载和分发 kubelet 二进制文件
安装依赖包
创建 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 文件
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_name in ${NODE_NAMES[@]}
do
echo ">>> ${node_name}"
# 创建 token
export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(kubeadm token create \
--description kubelet-bootstrap-token \
--groups system:bootstrappers:${node_name} \
--kubeconfig ~/.kube/config)
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap-${node_name}.kubeconfig
# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap-${node_name}.kubeconfig
# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap-${node_name}.kubeconfig
# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap-${node_name}.kubeconfig
done
- 证书中写入 Token 而非证书，证书后续由 controller-manager 创建。
查看 kubeadm 为各节点创建的 token：
$ kubeadm token list --kubeconfig ~/.kube/config
TOKEN TTL EXPIRES USAGES DESCRIPTION EXTRA GROUPS
k0s2bj.7nvw1zi1nalyz4gz 23h 2018-06-14T15:14:31+08:00 authentication,signing kubelet-bootstrap-token system:bootstrappers:kube-node1
mkus5s.vilnjk3kutei600l 23h 2018-06-14T15:14:32+08:00 authentication,signing kubelet-bootstrap-token system:bootstrappers:kube-node3
zkiem5.0m4xhw0jc8r466nk 23h 2018-06-14T15:14:32+08:00 authentication,signing kubelet-bootstrap-token system:bootstrappers:kube-node2
- 创建的 token 有效期为 1 天，超期后将不能再被使用，且会被 kube-controller-manager 的 tokencleaner 清理(如果启用该 controller 的话)；
- kube-apiserver 接收 kubelet 的 bootstrap token 后，将请求的 user 设置为 system:bootstrap:，group 设置为 system:bootstrappers；
各 token 关联的 Secret：
$ kubectl get secrets -n kube-system
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
bootstrap-token-k0s2bj bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token 7 1m
bootstrap-token-mkus5s bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token 7 1m
bootstrap-token-zkiem5 bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token 7 1m
default-token-99st7 kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 2d
分发 bootstrap kubeconfig 文件到所有 worker 节点
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_name in ${NODE_NAMES[@]}
do
echo ">>> ${node_name}"
scp kubelet-bootstrap-${node_name}.kubeconfig k8s@${node_name}:/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
done
创建和分发 kubelet 参数配置文件
从 v1.10 开始，kubelet 部分参数需在配置文件中配置，kubelet --help 会提示：
DEPRECATED: This parameter should be set via the config file specified by the Kubelet's --config flag
创建 kubelet 参数配置模板文件：
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
cat > kubelet.config.json.template <<EOF
{
"kind": "KubeletConfiguration",
"apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1",
"authentication": {
"x509": {
"clientCAFile": "/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem"
},
"webhook": {
"enabled": true,
"cacheTTL": "2m0s"
},
"anonymous": {
"enabled": false
}
},
"authorization": {
"mode": "Webhook",
"webhook": {
"cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s",
"cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s"
}
},
"address": "##NODE_IP##",
"port": 10250,
"readOnlyPort": 0,
"cgroupDriver": "cgroupfs",
"hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge",
"serializeImagePulls": false,
"featureGates": {
"RotateKubeletClientCertificate": true,
"RotateKubeletServerCertificate": true
},
"clusterDomain": "${CLUSTER_DNS_DOMAIN}",
"clusterDNS": ["${CLUSTER_DNS_SVC_IP}"]
}
EOF
- address：API 监听地址，不能为 127.0.0.1，否则 kube-apiserver、heapster 等不能调用 kubelet 的 API；
- readOnlyPort=0：关闭只读端口(默认 10255)，等效为未指定；
- authentication.anonymous.enabled：设置为 false，不允许匿名访问 10250 端口；
- authentication.x509.clientCAFile：指定签名客户端证书的 CA 证书，开启 HTTP 证书认证；
- authentication.webhook.enabled=true：开启 HTTPs bearer token 认证；
- 对于未通过 x509 证书和 webhook 认证的请求(kube-apiserver 或其他客户端)，将被拒绝，提示 Unauthorized；
- authroization.mode=Webhook：kubelet 使用 SubjectAccessReview API 查询 kube-apiserver 某 user、group 是否具有操作资源的权限(RBAC)；
- featureGates.RotateKubeletClientCertificate、featureGates.RotateKubeletServerCertificate：自动 rotate 证书，证书的有效期取决于 kube-controller-manager 的 --experimental-cluster-signing-duration 参数；
- 需要 root 账户运行；
为各节点创建和分发 kubelet 配置文件：
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do
echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
sed -e "s/##NODE_IP##/${node_ip}/" kubelet.config.json.template > kubelet.config-${node_ip}.json
scp kubelet.config-${node_ip}.json root@${node_ip}:/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.config.json
done
替换后的 kubelet.config.json 文件： kubelet.config.json
创建和分发 kubelet systemd unit 文件
创建 kubelet systemd unit 文件模板：
cat > kubelet.service.template <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/kubelet \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/cert \\
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.config.json \\
--hostname-override=##NODE_NAME## \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--alsologtostderr=true \\
--logtostderr=false \\
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \\
--v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
- 如果设置了
--hostname-override选项，则kube-proxy也需要设置该选项，否则会出现找不到 Node 的情况； --bootstrap-kubeconfig：指向 bootstrap kubeconfig 文件，kubelet 使用该文件中的用户名和 token 向 kube-apiserver 发送 TLS Bootstrapping 请求；- K8S approve kubelet 的 csr 请求后，在
--cert-dir目录创建证书和私钥文件，然后写入--kubeconfig文件；
替换后的 unit 文件：kubelet.service
为各节点创建和分发 kubelet systemd unit 文件：
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_name in ${NODE_NAMES[@]}
do
echo ">>> ${node_name}"
sed -e "s/##NODE_NAME##/${node_name}/" kubelet.service.template > kubelet-${node_name}.service
scp kubelet-${node_name}.service root@${node_name}:/etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service
done
Bootstrap Token Auth 和授予权限
kublet 启动时查找配置的 --kubeletconfig 文件是否存在，如果不存在则使用 --bootstrap-kubeconfig 向 kube-apiserver 发送证书签名请求 (CSR)。
kube-apiserver 收到 CSR 请求后，对其中的 Token 进行认证（事先使用 kubeadm 创建的 token），认证通过后将请求的 user 设置为 system:bootstrap:，group 设置为 system:bootstrappers，这一过程称为 Bootstrap Token Auth。
默认情况下，这个 user 和 group 没有创建 CSR 的权限，kubelet 启动失败，错误日志如下：
$ sudo journalctl -u kubelet -a |grep -A 2 'certificatesigningrequests'
May 06 06:42:36 kube-node1 kubelet[26986]: F0506 06:42:36.314378 26986 server.go:233] failed to run Kubelet: cannot create certificate signing request: certificatesigningrequests.certificates.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:bootstrap:lemy40" cannot create certificatesigningrequests.certificates.k8s.io at the cluster scope
May 06 06:42:36 kube-node1 systemd[1]: kubelet.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/n/a
May 06 06:42:36 kube-node1 systemd[1]: kubelet.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
解决办法是：创建一个 clusterrolebinding，将 group system:bootstrappers 和 clusterrole system:node-bootstrapper 绑定：
$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --group=system:bootstrappers
启动 kubelet 服务
source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
for node_ip in ${NODE_IPS[@]}
do
echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet"
ssh root@${node_ip} "/usr/sbin/swapoff -a"
ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p /var/log/kubernetes && chown -R k8s /var/log/kubernetes"
ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl restart kubelet"
done
- 关闭 swap 分区，否则 kubelet 会启动失败；
- 必须先创建工作和日志目录；
$ journalctl -u kubelet |tail
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.388242 22343 feature_gate.go:226] feature gates: &{{} map[RotateKubeletServerCertificate:true RotateKubeletClientCertificate:true]}
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.394342 22343 mount_linux.go:211] Detected OS with systemd
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: W0613 16:05:40.394494 22343 cni.go:171] Unable to update cni config: No networks found in /etc/cni/net.d
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.399508 22343 server.go:376] Version: v1.10.4
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.399583 22343 feature_gate.go:226] feature gates: &{{} map[RotateKubeletServerCertificate:true RotateKubeletClientCertificate:true]}
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.399736 22343 plugins.go:89] No cloud provider specified.
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.399752 22343 server.go:492] No cloud provider specified: "" from the config file: ""
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.399777 22343 bootstrap.go:58] Using bootstrap kubeconfig to generate TLS client cert, key and kubeconfig file
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.446068 22343 csr.go:105] csr for this node already exists, reusing
Jun 13 16:05:40 kube-node2 kubelet[22343]: I0613 16:05:40.453761 22343 csr.go:113] csr for this node is still valid
kubelet 启动后使用 --bootstrap-kubeconfig 向 kube-apiserver 发送 CSR 请求，当这个 CSR 被 approve 后，kube-controller-manager 为 kubelet 创建 TLS 客户端证书、私钥和 --kubeletconfig 文件。
注意：kube-controller-manager 需要配置 --cluster-signing-cert-file 和 --cluster-signing-key-file 参数，才会为 TLS Bootstrap 创建证书和私钥。
$ kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk 43s system:bootstrap:zkiem5 Pending
node-csr-oVbPmU-ikVknpynwu0Ckz_MvkAO_F1j0hmbcDa__sGA 27s system:bootstrap:mkus5s Pending
node-csr-u0E1-ugxgotO_9FiGXo8DkD6a7-ew8sX2qPE6KPS2IY 13m system:bootstrap:k0s2bj Pending
$ kubectl get nodes
No resources found.
- 三个 work 节点的 csr 均处于 pending 状态；
approve kubelet CSR 请求
可以手动或自动 approve CSR 请求。推荐使用自动的方式，因为从 v1.8 版本开始，可以自动轮转approve csr 后生成的证书。
手动 approve CSR 请求
查看 CSR 列表：
$ kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk 43s system:bootstrap:zkiem5 Pending
node-csr-oVbPmU-ikVknpynwu0Ckz_MvkAO_F1j0hmbcDa__sGA 27s system:bootstrap:mkus5s Pending
node-csr-u0E1-ugxgotO_9FiGXo8DkD6a7-ew8sX2qPE6KPS2IY 13m system:bootstrap:k0s2bj Pending
approve CSR：
$ kubectl certificate approve node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io "node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk" approved
查看 Approve 结果：
$ kubectl describe csr node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk
Name: node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
CreationTimestamp: Wed, 13 Jun 2018 16:05:04 +0800
Requesting User: system:bootstrap:zkiem5
Status: Approved
Subject:
Common Name: system:node:kube-node2
Serial Number:
Organization: system:nodes
Events: <none>
Requesting User：请求 CSR 的用户，kube-apiserver 对它进行认证和授权；Subject：请求签名的证书信息；- 证书的 CN 是 system:node:kube-node2， Organization 是 system:nodes，kube-apiserver 的 Node 授权模式会授予该证书的相关权限；
自动 approve CSR 请求
创建三个 ClusterRoleBinding，分别用于自动 approve client、renew client、renew server 证书：
cat > csr-crb.yaml <<EOF
# Approve all CSRs for the group "system:bootstrappers"
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: auto-approve-csrs-for-group
subjects:
- kind: Group
name: system:bootstrappers
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:nodeclient
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
# To let a node of the group "system:nodes" renew its own credentials
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: node-client-cert-renewal
subjects:
- kind: Group
name: system:nodes
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeclient
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
# A ClusterRole which instructs the CSR approver to approve a node requesting a
# serving cert matching its client cert.
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: approve-node-server-renewal-csr
rules:
- apiGroups: ["certificates.k8s.io"]
resources: ["certificatesigningrequests/selfnodeserver"]
verbs: ["create"]
---
# To let a node of the group "system:nodes" renew its own server credentials
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: node-server-cert-renewal
subjects:
- kind: Group
name: system:nodes
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: approve-node-server-renewal-csr
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
EOF
- auto-approve-csrs-for-group：自动 approve node 的第一次 CSR； 注意第一次 CSR 时，请求的 Group 为 system:bootstrappers；
- node-client-cert-renewal：自动 approve node 后续过期的 client 证书，自动生成的证书 Group 为 system:nodes;
- node-server-cert-renewal：自动 approve node 后续过期的 server 证书，自动生成的证书 Group 为 system:nodes;
生效配置：
$ kubectl apply -f csr-crb.yaml
查看 kublet 的情况
等待一段时间(1-10 分钟)，三个节点的 CSR 都被自动 approve：
$ kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
csr-98h25 6m system:node:kube-node2 Approved,Issued
csr-lb5c9 7m system:node:kube-node3 Approved,Issued
csr-m2hn4 14m system:node:kube-node1 Approved,Issued
node-csr-7q7i0q4MF_K2TSEJj16At4CJFLlJkHIqei6nMIAaJCU 28m system:bootstrap:k0s2bj Approved,Issued
node-csr-ND77wk2P8k2lHBtgBaObiyYw0uz1Um7g2pRvveMF-c4 35m system:bootstrap:mkus5s Approved,Issued
node-csr-Nysmrw55nnM48NKwEJuiuCGmZoxouK4N8jiEHBtLQso 6m system:bootstrap:zkiem5 Approved,Issued
node-csr-QzuuQiuUfcSdp3j5W4B2UOuvQ_n9aTNHAlrLzVFiqrk 1h system:bootstrap:zkiem5 Approved,Issued
node-csr-oVbPmU-ikVknpynwu0Ckz_MvkAO_F1j0hmbcDa__sGA 1h system:bootstrap:mkus5s Approved,Issued
node-csr-u0E1-ugxgotO_9FiGXo8DkD6a7-ew8sX2qPE6KPS2IY 1h system:bootstrap:k0s2bj Approved,Issued
所有节点均 ready：
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
kube-node1 Ready <none> 18m v1.10.4
kube-node2 Ready <none> 10m v1.10.4
kube-node3 Ready <none> 11m v1.10.4
kube-controller-manager 为各 node 生成了 kubeconfig 文件和公私钥：
$ ls -l /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
-rw------- 1 root root 2293 Jun 13 17:07 /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
$ ls -l /etc/kubernetes/cert/|grep kubelet
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1046 Jun 13 17:07 kubelet-client.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 227 Jun 13 17:07 kubelet-client.key
-rw------- 1 root root 1334 Jun 13 17:07 kubelet-server-2018-06-13-17-07-45.pem
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 58 Jun 13 17:07 kubelet-server-current.pem -> /etc/kubernetes/cert/kubelet-server-2018-06-13-17-07-45.pem
- kubelet-server 证书会周期轮转；
kubelet 提供的 API 接口
kublet 启动后监听多个端口，用于接收 kube-apiserver 或其它组件发送的请求：
$ sudo netstat -lnpt|grep kubelet
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.107:4194 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2490/kubelet
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:10248 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2490/kubelet
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.107:10250 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2490/kubelet
- 4194: cadvisor http 服务；
- 10248: healthz http 服务；
- 10250: https API 服务；注意：未开启只读端口 10255；
例如执行 kubectl ec -it nginx-ds-5rmws -- sh 命令时，kube-apiserver 会向 kubelet 发送如下请求：
POST /exec/default/nginx-ds-5rmws/my-nginx?command=sh&input=1&output=1&tty=1
kubelet 接收 10250 端口的 https 请求：
- /pods、/runningpods
- /metrics、/metrics/cadvisor、/metrics/probes
- /spec
- /stats、/stats/container
- /logs
- /run/、"/exec/", "/attach/", "/portForward/", "/containerLogs/" 等管理；
详情参考：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/pkg/kubelet/server/server.go#L434:3
由于关闭了匿名认证，同时开启了 webhook 授权，所有访问 10250 端口 https API 的请求都需要被认证和授权。
预定义的 ClusterRole system:kubelet-api-admin 授予访问 kubelet 所有 API 的权限：
$ kubectl describe clusterrole system:kubelet-api-admin
Name: system:kubelet-api-admin
Labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping=rbac-defaults
Annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate=true
PolicyRule:
Resources Non-Resource URLs Resource Names Verbs
--------- ----------------- -------------- -----
nodes [] [] [get list watch proxy]
nodes/log [] [] [*]
nodes/metrics [] [] [*]
nodes/proxy [] [] [*]
nodes/spec [] [] [*]
nodes/stats [] [] [*]
kublet api 认证和授权
kublet 配置了如下认证参数：
- authentication.anonymous.enabled：设置为 false，不允许匿名访问 10250 端口；
- authentication.x509.clientCAFile：指定签名客户端证书的 CA 证书，开启 HTTPs 证书认证；
- authentication.webhook.enabled=true：开启 HTTPs bearer token 认证；
同时配置了如下授权参数：
- authroization.mode=Webhook：开启 RBAC 授权；
kubelet 收到请求后，使用 clientCAFile 对证书签名进行认证，或者查询 bearer token 是否有效。如果两者都没通过，则拒绝请求，提示 Unauthorized：
$ curl -s --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem https://192.168.1.107:10250/metrics
Unauthorized
$ curl -s --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem -H "Authorization: Bearer 123456" https://192.168.1.107:10250/metrics
Unauthorized
通过认证后，kubelet 使用 SubjectAccessReview API 向 kube-apiserver 发送请求，查询证书或 token 对应的 user、group 是否有操作资源的权限(RBAC)；
证书认证和授权：
$ # 权限不足的证书；
$ curl -s --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem --cert /etc/kubernetes/cert/kube-controller-manager.pem --key /etc/kubernetes/cert/kube-controller-manager-key.pem https://192.168.1.107:10250/metrics
Forbidden (user=system:kube-controller-manager, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=metrics)
$ # 使用部署 kubectl 命令行工具时创建的、具有最高权限的 admin 证书；
$ curl -s --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem --cert ./admin.pem --key ./admin-key.pem https://192.168.1.107:10250/metrics|head
# HELP apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds Distribution of the remaining lifetime on the certificate used to authenticate a request.
# TYPE apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds histogram
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="0"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="21600"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="43200"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="86400"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="172800"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="345600"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="604800"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="2.592e+06"} 0
--cacert、--cert、--key的参数值必须是文件路径，如上面的./admin.pem不能省略./，否则返回401 Unauthorized；
bear token 认证和授权：
创建一个 ServiceAccount，将它和 ClusterRole system:kubelet-api-admin 绑定，从而具有调用 kubelet API 的权限：
kubectl create sa kubelet-api-test
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-api-test --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --serviceaccount=default:kubelet-api-test
SECRET=$(kubectl get secrets | grep kubelet-api-test | awk '{print $1}')
TOKEN=$(kubectl describe secret ${SECRET} | grep -E '^token' | awk '{print $2}')
echo ${TOKEN}
$ curl -s --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem -H "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" https://192.168.1.107:10250/metrics|head
# HELP apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds Distribution of the remaining lifetime on the certificate used to authenticate a request.
# TYPE apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds histogram
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="0"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="21600"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="43200"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="86400"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="172800"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="345600"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="604800"} 0
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{le="2.592e+06"} 0
cadvisor 和 metrics
cadvisor 统计所在节点各容器的资源(CPU、内存、磁盘、网卡)使用情况，分别在自己的 http web 页面(4194 端口)和 10250 以 promehteus metrics 的形式输出。
浏览器访问 https://192.168.1.106:4194/containers/ 可以查看到 cadvisor 的监控页面：
浏览器访问 https://172.27.129.80:10250/metrics 和 https://172.27.129.80:10250/metrics/cadvisor 分别返回 kublet 和 cadvisor 的 metrics。
注意：
- kublet.config.json 设置 authentication.anonymous.enabled 为 false，不允许匿名证书访问 10250 的 https 服务；
- 参考A.浏览器访问kube-apiserver安全端口.md，创建和导入相关证书，然后访问上面的 10250 端口；
获取 kublet 的配置
从 kube-apiserver 获取各 node 的配置：
$ source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
$ # 使用部署 kubectl 命令行工具时创建的、具有最高权限的 admin 证书；
$ curl -sSL --cacert /etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem --cert ./admin.pem --key ./admin-key.pem ${KUBE_APISERVER}/api/v1/nodes/kube-node1/proxy/configz | jq \
'.kubeletconfig|.kind="KubeletConfiguration"|.apiVersion="kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1"'
{
"syncFrequency": "1m0s",
"fileCheckFrequency": "20s",
"httpCheckFrequency": "20s",
"address": "172.27.129.80",
"port": 10250,
"readOnlyPort": 10255,
"authentication": {
"x509": {},
"webhook": {
"enabled": false,
"cacheTTL": "2m0s"
},
"anonymous": {
"enabled": true
}
},
"authorization": {
"mode": "AlwaysAllow",
"webhook": {
"cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s",
"cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s"
}
},
"registryPullQPS": 5,
"registryBurst": 10,
"eventRecordQPS": 5,
"eventBurst": 10,
"enableDebuggingHandlers": true,
"healthzPort": 10248,
"healthzBindAddress": "127.0.0.1",
"oomScoreAdj": -999,
"clusterDomain": "cluster.local.",
"clusterDNS": [
"10.254.0.2"
],
"streamingConnectionIdleTimeout": "4h0m0s",
"nodeStatusUpdateFrequency": "10s",
"imageMinimumGCAge": "2m0s",
"imageGCHighThresholdPercent": 85,
"imageGCLowThresholdPercent": 80,
"volumeStatsAggPeriod": "1m0s",
"cgroupsPerQOS": true,
"cgroupDriver": "cgroupfs",
"cpuManagerPolicy": "none",
"cpuManagerReconcilePeriod": "10s",
"runtimeRequestTimeout": "2m0s",
"hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge",
"maxPods": 110,
"podPidsLimit": -1,
"resolvConf": "/etc/resolv.conf",
"cpuCFSQuota": true,
"maxOpenFiles": 1000000,
"contentType": "application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf",
"kubeAPIQPS": 5,
"kubeAPIBurst": 10,
"serializeImagePulls": false,
"evictionHard": {
"imagefs.available": "15%",
"memory.available": "100Mi",
"nodefs.available": "10%",
"nodefs.inodesFree": "5%"
},
"evictionPressureTransitionPeriod": "5m0s",
"enableControllerAttachDetach": true,
"makeIPTablesUtilChains": true,
"iptablesMasqueradeBit": 14,
"iptablesDropBit": 15,
"featureGates": {
"RotateKubeletClientCertificate": true,
"RotateKubeletServerCertificate": true
},
"failSwapOn": true,
"containerLogMaxSize": "10Mi",
"containerLogMaxFiles": 5,
"enforceNodeAllocatable": [
"pods"
],
"kind": "KubeletConfiguration",
"apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1"
}
或者参考代码中的注释：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/pkg/kubelet/apis/kubeletconfig/v1beta1/types.go
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