开始你的第一个django_part2

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接着上一部分的内容，进入我们mysite目录，使用下面的命令，运行开发服务器，然后在浏览器打开网页 http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/

python manage.py runserver

 输入我们在创建数据库的时候的用户名和密码，用户名如果默认的话，是你当前机器的登录名，如果忘了，重新来一次吧。

进入后的页面是看不见我们的app的，就是看不见我们的投票系统。

我们在polls/admin.py这个文件里面修改如下代码：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll

admin.site.register(Poll)

 刷新我们的页面，可以看见Polls了

点击What's new 进入

我们来定制自己的格式页面

同样修改admin.py这个文件如下：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	fields = ['pub_date', 'question']

admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

 刷新页面可以看见时间和问题已经顺序发生了变化了。

在改一下：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		(None, {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date']})
	]

admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

 刷新看看是不是不一样了？

这样呢：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date']})
	]

admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

 

在改改：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]

admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

 其实collapse就是一个隐藏功能，比如有的表单非常长，就可以使用这个了。

现在我们来看看我们的选项，投票的选项，同样先注册了。

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]

admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
admin.site.register(Choice)

 点击增加后：

有没有发现，每次需要增加一个选项，就得回主页点击增加choice，好麻烦，好在django提供了便利，修改admin.py文件如下：

其实选项只和问题有关，不要单独列举出来就好了。

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
	model = Choice
	extra = 3

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]
	inlines = [ChoiceInline]


admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
#admin.site.register(Choice)

 感觉这样出来的界面很占用页面空间的话，修改修改：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

#class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):
	model = Choice
	extra = 3

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]
	inlines = [ChoiceInline]


admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
#admin.site.register(Choice)

 好多了。

现在让我们来定制我们的admin列表：

记得有个函数叫was_published_recently()吧，加进去看看

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

#class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):
	model = Choice
	extra = 3

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]
	inlines = [ChoiceInline]
	list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')


admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
#admin.site.register(Choice)

 oh，这是我昨天加入的，所以为false了。

可以看见，你可以点击question或者date published进行排序的，但是我们的函数那个是无法排序的，想要它也可排序，进行如下操作吧：

我们增加一个filter:(admin.py文件)

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

#class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):
	model = Choice
	extra = 3

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]
	inlines = [ChoiceInline]
	list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')
	list_filter = ['pub_date'] #这里也可以是question，就会安装question进行排序了


admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
#admin.site.register(Choice)

 还可以增加一个搜索框：

from django.contrib import admin
from polls.models import Poll, Choice

#class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):
	model = Choice
	extra = 3

class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	#fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
	fieldsets = [
		('Question', {'fields':['question']}),
		('Date information', {'fields':['pub_date'], 'classes':['collapse']})
	]
	inlines = [ChoiceInline]
	list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')
	list_filter = ['pub_date']
	search_fields = ['question']
	#search_fields = ['pub_date']


admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
#admin.site.register(Choice)

 可以让函数那列也更改下吧：

from django.db import models
import datetime
from django.utils import timezone

class Poll(models.Model):
    question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.question

    def was_published_recently(self):
        return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days = 1)
    was_published_recently.admin_order_field = 'pub_date'
    was_published_recently.boolean = True
    was_published_recently.short_description = 'test'

class Choice(models.Model):
    poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.choice_text

 当然最后安装原始教程，我们还是改回去

from django.db import models
import datetime
from django.utils import timezone

class Poll(models.Model):
    question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.question

    def was_published_recently(self):
        return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days = 1)
    was_published_recently.admin_order_field = 'pub_date'
    was_published_recently.boolean = True
    was_published_recently.short_description = 'Published recently?'

class Choice(models.Model):
    poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.choice_text

 注意了，我们目前poll里面只有What's new这个问题，你可以add一个，便于测试，用后删除就是了。