Spring读取外部的资源配置文件—@PropertySource和@Value实现资源文件配置

通过@PropertySource可以指定读取的配置文件,通过@Value注解获取值;
@PropertySource注解主要是让Spring的Environment接口读取属性配置文件用的,标识在@Configuration配置类上;
@Value注解可以用在字段和方法上,通常用于从属性配置文件中读取属性值,也可以设置默认值。

具体用法:

@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:config.properties" }, ignoreResourceNotFound = true)
public class UserSpringConfig {
    ...
}

a、配置多个配置文件

@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:jdbc.properties", "classpath:config.properties"})
public class UserSpringConfig {
    ...
}

b、忽略不存在的配置文件

@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:jdbc.properties","classpath:config.properties"}, ignoreResourceNotFound = true)
public class UserSpringConfig {
    ...
}

 

资源文件配置示例
1、创建配置文件,${project}/src/main/resources/config.properties

username=zhangsan
password=123456
age=20

 

2、读取外部的资源配置文件

package com.lynch.javaconfig;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

public class User {
    @Value("${username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${age}")
    private Integer age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [username=" + username + ", password=" + password + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }

}

 

3、编写SpringConfig,用于实例化Spring容器

package com.lynch.javaconfig;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

//通过@Configuration注解来表明该类是一个Spring的配置,相当于一个xml文件
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.lynch.javaconfig")
@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:config.properties"}, ignoreResourceNotFound = true)
public class UserSpringConfig {
  
    @Bean
    public User user(){
        return new User();
    }
    
}

 

4、编写测试方法,用于启动Spring容器

package com.lynch.javaconfig;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class UserApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 通过Java配置来实例化Spring容器
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(UserSpringConfig.class);
        
        System.out.println(context.getBean(User.class));
        
        // 销毁该容器
        context.destroy();
    }

}

 

5、执行结果

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
User [username=Administrator, password=123456, age=20]
九月 16, 2018 9:04:45 下午 org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext doClose

注意,从执行结果发现username输出的是"Administrator",而不是"zhangsan",那是因为系统变量跟配置文件存在相同变量时,优先从系统变量获取,故username输出的是"Administrator"。

posted on 2018-09-16 22:50  Ruthless  阅读(9435)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报