System.Web.Routing入门及进阶(二)
UrlRouting高级应用
预计效果:
当我访问/a/b.aspx时就会转到Default.aspx?category=a&action=b在页面上显示
category:a
action:b
亦如果我访问/chsword/xxxx.aspx就会转到Default.aspx?category=chsword&action=xxxx就会显示
category:chsword
category:a
action:b
亦如果我访问/chsword/xxxx.aspx就会转到Default.aspx?category=chsword&action=xxxx就会显示
category:chsword
action:xxxx
如果访问/chsword/就会转到 Default.aspx?category=chsword&action=index就会显示
category:chsword
action:index
首先我建立一个Route
routes.Add(
"Default",
new Route("{category}/{action}.aspx",
new RouteValueDictionary(
new
{
file = "Default",
category = "home",
action = "index"
}), new MyRouteHandler()
)
);
"Default",
new Route("{category}/{action}.aspx",
new RouteValueDictionary(
new
{
file = "Default",
category = "home",
action = "index"
}), new MyRouteHandler()
)
);
当然IHttpHandler的处理方式也要有所改变
为了方便查看我使用了下方法:
context.Server.Execute(string.Format("/{0}.aspx?category={1}&action={2}",
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("file")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["file"].ToString()
: "default",
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("category")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["category"].ToString()
: "",
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("action")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString()
: "")
);
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("file")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["file"].ToString()
: "default",
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("category")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["category"].ToString()
: "",
RequestContext.RouteData.Values.ContainsKey("action")
? RequestContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString()
: "")
);
即/a/b.aspx是映射到Default.aspx?category=a&action=b
在Default.aspx中写如下代码:
category:<%=Request.Params["category"] %><br />
action:<%=Request.Params["action"] %>
action:<%=Request.Params["action"] %>
以显示传入的参数。
如果在IIS中设置Index.aspx时就算输入/a/也会访问到/a/index.aspx,即默认的会按RouteValueDictionary中设置的值自动补全
UrlRouting使用正则表达式规则
UrlRouting在定义的时候也可以按正则的规则来进行定义。
routes.Add(
"zz",
new Route("{category}/{action}.chs",
new RouteValueDictionary(
new {
file = "Default",
category = "home",
action = "1"
}),
new RouteValueDictionary(
new {
action = "[\\d]+"
}),
new MyRouteHandler()
)
);
"zz",
new Route("{category}/{action}.chs",
new RouteValueDictionary(
new {
file = "Default",
category = "home",
action = "1"
}),
new RouteValueDictionary(
new {
action = "[\\d]+"
}),
new MyRouteHandler()
)
);
以上代码规定了action只能是数字则访问/a/1.chs可以正常访问。
而访问/a/b.chs则会显示未找到资源。
当然这是里可以使用更高级的正则表达式。
UrlRouting的技巧
排除UrlRouting的方法:
System.Web.Routing默认提供了一个IRouteHandler-StopRoutingHandler Class,经过它处理的URL不会被做任何处理
通常使用方法如下:
routes.Add(new Route("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}", new StopRoutingHandler()));
RouteHandler工厂:
其实IRouteHandler可以实现一个RouteHandler的简单工厂。
public class RouteHandlerFactory : IRouteHandler
{
string Name { get; set; }
public RouteHandlerFactory(string name){this.Name = name;}
#region IRouteHandler 成员
public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) {
if (this.Name == "mypage")
return new MyPage(requestContext);
if(this.Name="mypage1")
return new MyPage1(requestContext);
}
#endregion
}
{
string Name { get; set; }
public RouteHandlerFactory(string name){this.Name = name;}
#region IRouteHandler 成员
public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) {
if (this.Name == "mypage")
return new MyPage(requestContext);
if(this.Name="mypage1")
return new MyPage1(requestContext);
}
#endregion
}
规定HTTP verbs,这里要使用System.Web.Routing中的HttpMethodConstraint
void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) {
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes){
string[] allowedMethods = { "GET", "POST" };
HttpMethodConstraint methodConstraints = new HttpMethodConstraint(allowedMethods);
Route reportRoute = new Route("{locale}/{year}", new ReportRouteHandler());
reportRoute.Constraints = new RouteValueDictionary { { "httpMethod", methodConstraints } };
routes.Add(reportRoute);
}
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes){
string[] allowedMethods = { "GET", "POST" };
HttpMethodConstraint methodConstraints = new HttpMethodConstraint(allowedMethods);
Route reportRoute = new Route("{locale}/{year}", new ReportRouteHandler());
reportRoute.Constraints = new RouteValueDictionary { { "httpMethod", methodConstraints } };
routes.Add(reportRoute);
}
Demo程序代码下载: