Python内置函数(57)——print
英文文档:
print
(*objects, sep=' ', end='\n', file=sys.stdout, flush=False)
Print objects to the text stream file, separated by sep and followed by end. sep, end and file, if present, must be given as keyword arguments.
All non-keyword arguments are converted to strings like str()
does and written to the stream, separated by sep and followed by end. Both sep and end must be strings; they can also be None
, which means to use the default values. If no objects are given, print()
will just write end.
The file argument must be an object with a write(string)
method; if it is not present or None
, sys.stdout
will be used. Since printed arguments are converted to text strings, print()
cannot be used with binary mode file objects. For these, use file.write(...)
instead.
Whether output is buffered is usually determined by file, but if the flush keyword argument is true, the stream is forcibly flushed.
想标准输出对象打印输出
说明:
1. 用于对象打印输出。通过命名参数sep来确定多个输出对象的分隔符(默认' '),通过命名参数end确定输出结果的结尾(默认'\n'),通过命名参数file确定往哪里输出(默认sys.stdout),通过命名参数fiush确定输出是否使用缓存(默认False)。
>>> print(1,2,3) 1 2 3 >>> print(1,2,3,sep = '+') 1+2+3 >>> print(1,2,3,sep = '+',end = '=?') 1+2+3=?
2. sep、end、file、flush都必须以命名参数方式传参,否则将被当做需要输出的对象了。
>>> print(1,2,3,'+','=?') 1 2 3 + =?
3. sep和end参数必须是字符串;或者为None,为None时意味着将使用其默认值。
>>> print(1,2,3,sep = 97,end = 100) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#34>", line 1, in <module> print(1,2,3,sep = 97,end = 100) TypeError: sep must be None or a string, not int >>> print(1,2,3,sep = None,end = None) 1 2 3
4. 不给print传递任何参数,将只输出end参数的默认值。
>>> print() >>> print(end = 'by 2016') by 2016
5. file参数必须是一个含有write(string)
方法的对象。
>>> class A: @staticmethod def write(s): print(s) >>> a = A() >>> print(1,2,3,sep = '+',end = '=?',file = a) 1 + 2 + 3 =?
6.format 参数使用
# 常见形式 print('{0},{1}'.format('zhangk', 32)) print('{},{},{}'.format('zhangk', 'boy', 32)) print('{name},{sex},{age}'.format(age=32, sex='male', name='zhangk')) # 格式限定符:^ < > 居中 左对齐 右对齐 后面带宽度 l1=['a','bb','ccccc','dddd'] l2=[1,2,333333333333333333,4] print("{:1<8} {:a>8} {:p^8} {:<8}".format(*l1)) print("{:<8} {:<8} {:<8} {:<8}".format(*l2)) # 精度通常跟类型f 一起使用 print('{:.2f}'.format(21.42423423)) # 其他类型 # 主要就是进制了,b、d、o、x分别是二进制、十进制、八进制、十六进制 print('{:b}'.format(15)) print('{:d}'.format(15)) print('{:o}'.format(15)) print('{:x}'.format(15)) # 用逗号还能用来做金额的千位分隔符 print('{:,}'.format(123456789)