原型模式

1.定义：指原型实例指定创建对象的种类，并且通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象；
　　　　不需要知道任何创建的细节，不调用构造函数

2.类型：创建型

3.适用场景：类初始化消耗较多资源；new产生的一个对象需要非常繁琐的过程(数据准备、访问权限等)；
　　　　构造函数比较复杂；循环体中产生大量对象时。

4.优点：原型模式性能比直接new一个对象性能高；简化创建过程。

5.缺点：必须配备克隆方法；对克隆复杂对象或对克隆出的对象进行复杂改造时，容易引入风险；
　　　　深拷贝、浅拷贝要运用得当。

6.扩展：深克隆；浅克隆。

7.实例目录package

8.实例UML类图

9.代码

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype;

public class Mail implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private String emailAddress;
    private String content;
    public Mail(){
        System.out.println("Mail Class Constructor");
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmailAddress() {
        return emailAddress;
    }

    public void setEmailAddress(String emailAddress) {
        this.emailAddress = emailAddress;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Mail{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", emailAddress='" + emailAddress + '\'' +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                '}'+super.toString();
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        System.out.println("clone mail object");
        return super.clone();
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype;

import java.text.MessageFormat;

public class MailUtil {
    public static void sendMail(Mail mail){
        String outputContent = "向{0}同学，邮件地址：{1},邮件内容：{2}发送邮件成功。";
        System.out.println(MessageFormat.format(outputContent,mail.getName(),mail.getEmailAddress(),mail.getContent()));
    }
    public static void saveOriginMailRecord(Mail mail){
        System.out.println("存储originMail记录,originMail:"+mail.getContent());
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Mail mail = new Mail();
        mail.setContent("初始化模板");
        System.out.println("初始化mail:"+mail);
        for(int i = 0;i < 10; i++){
            Mail mailTemp =(Mail) mail.clone();
            mailTemp.setName("姓名" + i);
            mailTemp.setEmailAddress("姓名"+i+"@imooc.com");
            mailTemp.setContent("恭喜你，此次慕课网活动中奖了");
            MailUtil.sendMail(mailTemp);
            System.out.println("克隆的mailTemp:"+mailTemp);
        }
        MailUtil.saveOriginMailRecord(mail);
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype.abstractprototype;

public abstract class A implements Cloneable{
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype.abstractprototype;

public class B extends A {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        B b = new B();
        b.clone();
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype.clone;

import java.util.Date;

public class Pig implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;

    public Pig(String name, Date birthday) {
        this.name = name;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Pig pig = (Pig)super.clone();
        pig.birthday = (Date)pig.birthday.clone();
        return pig;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Pig{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                '}'+ super.toString();
    }
}

package com.geely.design.pattern.creational.prototype.clone;

import java.util.Date;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Date birthday = new Date(0L);
        Pig pig1 = new Pig("佩奇", birthday);
        Pig pig2 = (Pig)pig1.clone();
        System.out.println(pig1);
        System.out.println(pig2);
        System.out.println(pig1 == pig2);
        pig1.getBirthday().setTime(66666666666666L);
        System.out.println(pig1);
        System.out.println(pig2);
        System.out.println(pig1 == pig2);
    }
}