lsof用法简介

lsof:一个功能强大的命令
lsof命令的原始功能是列出打开的文件的进程,但LINUX下,所有的设备都是以文件的行式存在的,所以,lsof的功能很强大! 
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -h
lsof 4.82
 latest revision: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/
 latest FAQ: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/FAQ
 latest man page: ftp://lsof.itap.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof/lsof_man
 usage: [-?abhlnNoOPRtUvVX] [+|-c c] [+|-d s] [+D D] [+|-f[gG]] [+|-e s]
 [-F [f]] [-g [s]] [-i [i]] [+|-L [l]] [+m [m]] [+|-M] [-o [o]] [-p s]
[+|-r [t]] [-s [p:s]] [-S [t]] [-T [t]] [-u s] [+|-w] [-x [fl]] [-Z [Z]] [--] [names]
Defaults in parentheses; comma-separated set (s) items; dash-separated ranges.
  -?|-h list help          -a AND selections (OR)     -b avoid kernel blocks
  -c c  cmd c ^c /c/[bix]  +c w  COMMAND width (9)     
  +d s  dir s files        -d s  select by FD set     +D D  dir D tree *SLOW?*
                           +|-e s  exempt s *RISKY*   -i select IPv[46] files
  -l list UID numbers      -n no host names           -N select NFS files
  -o list file offset      -O avoid overhead *RISKY*  -P no port names
  -R list paRent PID       -s list file size          -t terse listing
  -T disable TCP/TPI info  -U select Unix socket      -v list version info
  -V verbose search        +|-w  Warnings (+)         -X skip TCP&UDP* files
  -Z Z  context [Z]
  -- end option scan
  +f|-f  +filesystem or -file names     +|-f[gG] flaGs 
  -F [f] select fields; -F? for help  
  +|-L [l] list (+) suppress (-) link counts < l (0 = all; default = 0)
                                        +m [m] use|create mount supplement
  +|-M   portMap registration (-)       -o o   o 0t offset digits (8)
  -p s   exclude(^)|select PIDs         -S [t] t second stat timeout (15)
  -T qs TCP/TPI Q,St (s) info
  -g [s] exclude(^)|select and print process group IDs
  -i i   select by IPv[46] address: [46][proto][@host|addr][:svc_list|port_list]
  +|-r [t[m<fmt>]] repeat every t seconds (15);  + until no files, - forever.
       An optional suffix to t is m<fmt>; m must separate t from <fmt> and
      <fmt> is an strftime(3) format for the marker line.
  -s p:s  exclude(^)|select protocol (p = TCP|UDP) states by name(s).
  -u s   exclude(^)|select login|UID set s
  -x [fl] cross over +d|+D File systems or symbolic Links
  names  select named files or files on named file systems
Anyone can list all files; /dev warnings disabled; kernel ID check disabled.


1 显示文件被那个进程打开
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof  /usr/lib64/xorg/protocol.txt
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF   NODE NAME
Xorg    2509 root    4r   REG  253,0    31246 662913 /usr/lib64/xorg/protocol.txt


2 显示端口号被那个进程打开
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -i:21
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
vsftpd  2346 root    3u  IPv4  14735      0t0  TCP *:ftp (LISTEN)


3 查看某个用户都打开了那些文件
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -u limt
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF   NODE NAME
bash    3771 limt  cwd    DIR  253,2     4096 261633 /home/limt
bash    3771 limt  rtd    DIR  253,0     4096      2 /
bash    3771 limt  txt    REG  253,0   938832 796239 /bin/bash
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0   156928 131074 /lib64/ld-2.12.so
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0  1926800 131078 /lib64/libc-2.12.so
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0    22536 131096 /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0   138280 131276 /lib64/libtinfo.so.5.7
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0 99154480 656211 /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0    65928 131102 /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
bash    3771 limt  mem    REG  253,0    26060 656469 /usr/lib64/gconv/gconv-modules.cache
bash    3771 limt    0u   CHR  136,1      0t0      4 /dev/pts/1
bash    3771 limt    1u   CHR  136,1      0t0      4 /dev/pts/1
bash    3771 limt    2u   CHR  136,1      0t0      4 /dev/pts/1
bash    3771 limt  255u   CHR  136,1      0t0      4 /dev/pts/1


4 查看TCP或者UDP协议打开的端口号
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -i tcp
COMMAND    PID    USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
cupsd     1763    root    6u  IPv6  12646      0t0  TCP [::1]:ipp (LISTEN)
cupsd     1763    root    7u  IPv4  12647      0t0  TCP localhost:ipp (LISTEN)
rpcbind   1938     rpc    8u  IPv4  13074      0t0  TCP *:sunrpc (LISTEN)
rpcbind   1938     rpc   11u  IPv6  13079      0t0  TCP *:sunrpc (LISTEN)
rpc.statd 2076 rpcuser    9u  IPv4  13647      0t0  TCP *:34864 (LISTEN)
rpc.statd 2076 rpcuser   11u  IPv6  13655      0t0  TCP *:50799 (LISTEN)
sshd      2317    root    3u  IPv4  14634      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd      2317    root    4u  IPv6  14638      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
vsftpd    2346    root    3u  IPv4  14735      0t0  TCP *:ftp (LISTEN)
sendmail  2370    root    4u  IPv4  14915      0t0  TCP localhost:smtp (LISTEN)
sshd      3595    root    3r  IPv4  39944      0t0  TCP limt01:ssh->192.168.1.101:51290 (ESTABLISHED)
sshd      3739    root    3r  IPv4  44599      0t0  TCP limt01:ssh->192.168.1.101:51348 (ESTABLISHED)
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -i udp
COMMAND    PID    USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
cupsd     1763    root    9u  IPv4  12650      0t0  UDP *:ipp 
portreser 1842    root    9u  IPv4  12826      0t0  UDP *:kerberos-iv 
portreser 1842    root   11u  IPv4  12828      0t0  UDP *:783 
portreser 1842    root   13u  IPv4  12834      0t0  UDP *:ldaps 
portreser 1842    root   15u  IPv4  12842      0t0  UDP *:dhcp-failover 
portreser 1842    root   17u  IPv4  12845      0t0  UDP *:dhcp-failover2 
rpcbind   1938     rpc    6u  IPv4  13071      0t0  UDP *:sunrpc 
rpcbind   1938     rpc    7u  IPv4  13073      0t0  UDP *:841 
rpcbind   1938     rpc    9u  IPv6  13076      0t0  UDP *:sunrpc 
rpcbind   1938     rpc   10u  IPv6  13078      0t0  UDP *:841 
rpc.statd 2076 rpcuser    5r  IPv4  13636      0t0  UDP *:980 
rpc.statd 2076 rpcuser    8u  IPv4  13643      0t0  UDP *:33530 
rpc.statd 2076 rpcuser   10u  IPv6  13651      0t0  UDP *:43475 


5查看某个进程都打开了那些文件
[root@limt01 ~]# lsof -c xinetd
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF   NODE NAME
xinetd  2325 root  cwd    DIR              253,0     4096      2 /
xinetd  2325 root  rtd    DIR              253,0     4096      2 /
xinetd  2325 root  txt    REG              253,0   174456 680086 /usr/sbin/xinetd
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0    65928 131102 /lib64/libnss_files-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0   472064 131162 /lib64/libfreebl3.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0    22536 131096 /lib64/libdl-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0  1926800 131078 /lib64/libc-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0    43392 131164 /lib64/libcrypt-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0   599384 131079 /lib64/libm-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0   116368 131195 /lib64/libnsl-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0    43256 131218 /lib64/libwrap.so.0.7.6
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0   124624 131139 /lib64/libselinux.so.1
xinetd  2325 root  mem    REG              253,0   156928 131074 /lib64/ld-2.12.so
xinetd  2325 root    0r   CHR                1,3      0t0   3800 /dev/null
xinetd  2325 root    1r   CHR                1,3      0t0   3800 /dev/null
xinetd  2325 root    2r   CHR                1,3      0t0   3800 /dev/null
xinetd  2325 root    3r  FIFO                0,8      0t0  14659 pipe
xinetd  2325 root    4w  FIFO                0,8      0t0  14659 pipe
xinetd  2325 root    7u  unix 0xffff88007aae2c80      0t0  14673 socket


也可以查看在/proc下查看
[root@limt01 fd]# ls -lrt /proc/2317/fd
总用量 0
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 4月  19 19:51 4 -> socket:[14638]
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 4月  19 19:51 3 -> socket:[14634]
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 4月  19 19:51 2 -> /dev/null
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 4月  19 19:51 1 -> /dev/null
lrwx------. 1 root root 64 4月  19 19:51 0 -> /dev/null


6 显示某个目录被那些进程打开
[root@limt01 fd]# lsof +d /usr   (不深度搜索子目录)
COMMAND    PID      USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF   NODE NAME
hald-addo 2236      root  cwd    DIR  253,0    12288 655408 /usr/libexec
hald-addo 2238      root  cwd    DIR  253,0    12288 655408 /usr/libexec
hald-addo 2241 haldaemon  cwd    DIR  253,0    12288 655408 /usr/libexec


[root@limt01 fd]# lsof +D /var/log  (深度搜索子目录)
COMMAND    PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAME
auditd    1822 root    5w   REG  253,0   143575 1310792 /var/log/audit/audit.log
rsyslogd  1868 root    1w   REG  253,0   515773 1324377 /var/log/messages
rsyslogd  1868 root    2w   REG  253,0     8441 1324378 /var/log/secure
rsyslogd  1868 root    4w   REG  253,0     8962 1324379 /var/log/maillog
rsyslogd  1868 root    5w   REG  253,0    15024 1310798 /var/log/cron
wpa_suppl 2089 root    3w   REG  253,0        0 1310826 /var/log/wpa_supplicant.log
gdm-simpl 2506 root    1w   REG  253,0        0 1311187 /var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log
gdm-simpl 2506 root    2w   REG  253,0        0 1311187 /var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log
Xorg      2509 root    0r   REG  253,0    40047 1310879 /var/log/Xorg.0.log
Xorg      2509 root    2w   REG  253,0    30759 1311190 /var/log/gdm/:0.log
console-k 2526 root    9w   REG  253,0     6331 1848350 /var/log/ConsoleKit/history
gnome-ses 2599  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gnome-ses 2599  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
at-spi-re 2623  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
at-spi-re 2623  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gnome-set 2625  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
metacity  2635  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
metacity  2635  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gnome-pow 2636  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gnome-pow 2636  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gdm-simpl 2637  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gdm-simpl 2637  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
plymouth- 2638  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
plymouth- 2638  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
polkit-gn 2640  gdm    1w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
polkit-gn 2640  gdm    2w   REG  253,0      736 1311197 /var/log/gdm/:0-greeter.log
gdm-sessi 2659 root    1w   REG  253,0        0 1311187 /var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log
gdm-sessi 2659 root    2w   REG  253,0        0 1311187 /var/log/gdm/:0-slave.log
posted @ 2014-04-19 20:36  圣光救赎者  阅读(503)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报