乐谱部件及其名称(1)
做乐谱部件展示的时候,总是需要加一些指示,lilypond里面的balloon help可以很好地完成这一需要,但是要很熟悉各个部件的名字,这就很头疼。
另一方面,做细节调整时也要记住这些部件的名字,烦不胜烦。所以正好做成一份乐谱部件说明文档。
按理来说,凡是Internal手册的Layout Object,都可以通过balloon help显示出来。但沮丧的是,除了谱中的这些部件,其他的部件例如三连音的TupletBracket、加线的LedgeLine,都不知道为什么显示不出来。所以这只是第一辑,其他部件的显示整理后再另作展出。
按惯例,先展示谱面,再展示代码。因为这次代码并不是主要的学习内容,所以就不对文件做太多说明了。大家可以参考这些名称,它们在\override命令里非常有用。例如:
{ \override Staff.Clef.color = #blue \override Staff.TimeSignature.color = #red \time 3/4 c' \override Accidental.color = #green d'! e' }
会得到
祝大家学习愉快!
\version "2.22.0" \language "english" \header { title = "各个部件与名称" tagline = ##f } % 设一堆奇奇怪怪的参数,此处忽略 \paper { top-margin = 10 line-width = 140 system-system-spacing = #'((padding . 22)) markup-system-spacing = #'((padding . 20)) } \layout { \context { \Staff } \context { \Score \consists "Balloon_engraver" \override BalloonTextItem.font-size = #-3 \override BalloonTextItem.annotation-balloon = ##f \override BalloonTextSpanner.font-size = #-3 \override BalloonTextSpanner.annotation-balloon = ##f } } #(set-global-staff-size 30)
% 正文开始 { %% clef, key, timing and tempo \balloonGrobText #'Clef #'(-12 . 0) \markup \center-column {"谱号" "Clef"} \clef treble \balloonGrobText #'KeySignature #'(-12 . 4) \markup \center-column {"调号" "KeySignature"} \key g \major \balloonGrobText #'TimeSignature #'(-6 . 12) \markup \center-column {"拍号" "TimeSignature"} \numericTimeSignature \time 2/4 \balloonGrobText #'MetronomeMark #'(-0 . 11) \markup \center-column {"速度记号" "MetronomeMark"} \tempo 4 = 80 % Bar 1 \balloonGrobText #'Rest #'(-6 . -5) \markup \center-column {"休止符" "Rest" } \once \override NoteColumn.X-offset = #8 r8 \balloonGrobText #'NoteHead #'(-1 . -8) \markup \center-column {"符头" "NoteHead"} \balloonGrobText #'Stem #'(-2 . 9) \markup \center-column {"符干" "Stem"} \balloonGrobText #'Flag #'(.5 . -6) \markup \center-column {"符尾" "Flag"} d'8 \balloonGrobText #'Beam #'(0 . 5) \markup \center-column {"连杆" "Beam"} \balloonGrobText #'Slur #'(4 . -6) \markup \center-column {"连线" "Slur"} e'[_( fs'] % Bar 2 g' \balloonGrobText #'Accidental #'(0 . 12) \markup \center-column {"变音记号" "Accidental"} \balloonGrobText #'Tie #'(4 . 8) \markup \center-column{"延音线" "Tie"} f''~ \balloonGrobText #'Dots #'(9 . 6) \markup \center-column{"附点" "Dots"} 8. e''16) \break % Bar 3 \balloonGrobText #'Fingering #'(-2 . 8) \markup \center-column{"指法" "Fingering"} a'8^3 \balloonGrobText #'Script #'(8 . 2) \markup \center-column{"演奏记号" "Script"} b'8^. \balloonGrobText #'Arpeggio #'(-2 . -8) \markup \center-column{"琶音" "Arpeggio"} <a' c'' e''>4\arpeggio \balloonGrobText #'BarLine #'(0 . -7) \markup \center-column{"小节线" "BarLine"} \bar "|" % Bar 4 c''8. c''16 \balloonGrobText #'Hairpin #'(2 . -6) \markup \center-column{"渐强渐弱" "Hairpin"} d''16\< c'' d'' e''\! \break % Bar 5 \balloonGrobText #'DynamicText #'(-6 . 4) \markup \center-column{"力度记号" "DynamicText"} c''4^\f \balloonGrobText #'TextScript #'(-2 . 4) \markup \center-column{"文字" "TextScript"} \balloonGrobText #'LaissezVibrerTie #'(-1.2 . -8) \markup \center-column{"无终止延音线" "LaissezVibrerTie"} d''4^\markup {\italic "cresc."}\laissezVibrer % Bar 6 \balloonGrobText #'Glissando #'(0 . 7) \markup \center-column{"刮奏记号" "Glissando"} \balloonGrobText #'SustainPedal #'(2 . -6) \markup \center-column {"踏板" "SustainPedal"} e''\glissando \sustainOn c' \sustainOff }