纯前端实现excel表格导入导出
用法
以vue使用为例
vue-cli脚手架搭好框架
安装包xlsx npm install xlsx --save
代码实现（全）
<template> <div class="index" v-loading.fullscreen.lock="fullscreenLoading" element-loading-text="拼命加载中..."> <input type="file" @change="importFile(this)" id="imFile" style="display: none" accept="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, application/vnd.ms-excel"/> <a id="downlink"></a> <el-button class="button" @click="uploadFile()">导入</el-button> <el-button class="button" @click="downloadFile(excelData)">导出</el-button> <!--错误信息提示--> <el-dialog title="提示" v-model="errorDialog" size="tiny"> <span>{{errorMsg}}</span> <span slot="footer" class="dialog-footer"> <el-button type="primary" @click="errorDialog=false">确认</el-button> </span> </el-dialog> <!--展示导入信息--> <el-table :data="excelData" tooltip-effect="dark"> <el-table-column label="名称" prop="name" show-overflow-tooltip></el-table-column> <el-table-column label="分量" prop="size" show-overflow-tooltip></el-table-column> <el-table-column label="口味" prop="taste" show-overflow-tooltip></el-table-column> <el-table-column label="单价(元)" prop="price" show-overflow-tooltip></el-table-column> <el-table-column label="剩余(份)" prop="remain" show-overflow-tooltip></el-table-column> </el-table> </div> </template> <script> // 引入xlsx var XLSX = require('xlsx') export default { name: 'Index', data () { return { fullscreenLoading: false, // 加载中 imFile: '', // 导入文件el outFile: '', // 导出文件el errorDialog: false, // 错误信息弹窗 errorMsg: '', // 错误信息内容 excelData: [ // 测试数据 { name: '红烧鱼', size: '大', taste: '微辣', price: '40', remain: '100' }, { name: '麻辣小龙虾', size: '大', taste: '麻辣', price: '138', remain: '200' }, { name: '清蒸小龙虾', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '138', remain: '200' }, { name: '香辣小龙虾', size: '大', taste: '特辣', price: '138', remain: '200' }, { name: '十三香小龙虾', size: '大', taste: '中辣', price: '138', remain: '108' }, { name: '蒜蓉小龙虾', size: '大', taste: '中辣', price: '138', remain: '100' }, { name: '凉拌牛肉', size: '中', taste: '中辣', price: '48', remain: '60' }, { name: '虾仁寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '29', remain: '无限' }, { name: '海苔寿司', size: '大', taste: '微辣', price: '26', remain: '无限' }, { name: '金针菇寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '23', remain: '无限' }, { name: '泡菜寿司', size: '大', taste: '微辣', price: '24', remain: '无限' }, { name: '鳗鱼寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '28', remain: '无限' }, { name: '肉松寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '22', remain: '无限' }, { name: '三文鱼寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '30', remain: '无限' }, { name: '蛋黄寿司', size: '大', taste: '清淡', price: '20', remain: '无限' } ] } }, mounted () { this.imFile = document.getElementById('imFile') this.outFile = document.getElementById('downlink') }, methods: { uploadFile: function () { // 点击导入按钮 this.imFile.click() }, downloadFile: function (rs) { // 点击导出按钮 let data = [{}] for (let k in rs[0]) { data[0][k] = k } data = data.concat(rs) this.downloadExl(data, '菜单') }, importFile: function () { // 导入excel this.fullscreenLoading = true let obj = this.imFile if (!obj.files) { this.fullscreenLoading = false return } var f = obj.files[0] var reader = new FileReader() let $t = this reader.onload = function (e) { var data = e.target.result if ($t.rABS) { $t.wb = XLSX.read(btoa(this.fixdata(data)), { // 手动转化 type: 'base64' }) } else { $t.wb = XLSX.read(data, { type: 'binary' }) } let json = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json($t.wb.Sheets[$t.wb.SheetNames[0]]) console.log(typeof json) $t.dealFile($t.analyzeData(json)) // analyzeData: 解析导入数据 } if (this.rABS) { reader.readAsArrayBuffer(f) } else { reader.readAsBinaryString(f) } }, downloadExl: function (json, downName, type) { // 导出到excel let keyMap = [] // 获取键 for (let k in json[0]) { keyMap.push(k) } console.info('keyMap', keyMap, json) let tmpdata = [] // 用来保存转换好的json json.map((v, i) => keyMap.map((k, j) => Object.assign({}, { v: v[k], position: (j > 25 ? this.getCharCol(j) : String.fromCharCode(65 + j)) + (i + 1) }))).reduce((prev, next) => prev.concat(next)).forEach(function (v) { tmpdata[v.position] = { v: v.v } }) let outputPos = Object.keys(tmpdata) // 设置区域,比如表格从A1到D10 let tmpWB = { SheetNames: ['mySheet'], // 保存的表标题 Sheets: { 'mySheet': Object.assign({}, tmpdata, // 内容 { '!ref': outputPos[0] + ':' + outputPos[outputPos.length - 1] // 设置填充区域 }) } } let tmpDown = new Blob([this.s2ab(XLSX.write(tmpWB, {bookType: (type === undefined ? 'xlsx' : type), bookSST: false, type: 'binary'} // 这里的数据是用来定义导出的格式类型 ))], { type: '' }) // 创建二进制对象写入转换好的字节流 var href = URL.createObjectURL(tmpDown) // 创建对象超链接 this.outFile.download = downName + '.xlsx' // 下载名称 this.outFile.href = href // 绑定a标签 this.outFile.click() // 模拟点击实现下载 setTimeout(function () { // 延时释放 URL.revokeObjectURL(tmpDown) // 用URL.revokeObjectURL()来释放这个object URL }, 100) }, analyzeData: function (data) { // 此处可以解析导入数据 return data }, dealFile: function (data) { // 处理导入的数据 console.log(data) this.imFile.value = '' this.fullscreenLoading = false if (data.length <= 0) { this.errorDialog = true this.errorMsg = '请导入正确信息' } else { this.excelData = data } }, s2ab: function (s) { // 字符串转字符流 var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length) var view = new Uint8Array(buf) for (var i = 0; i !== s.length; ++i) { view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF } return buf }, getCharCol: function (n) { // 将指定的自然数转换为26进制表示。映射关系：[0-25] -> [A-Z]。 let s = '' let m = 0 while (n > 0) { m = n % 26 + 1 s = String.fromCharCode(m + 64) + s n = (n - m) / 26 } return s }, fixdata: function (data) { // 文件流转BinaryString var o = '' var l = 0 var w = 10240 for (; l < data.byteLength / w; ++l) { o += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(data.slice(l * w, l * w + w))) } o += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(data.slice(l * w))) return o } } } </script> <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> <style> .el-table th>.cell { text-align: center; } .button { margin-bottom: 20px; } </style> 作者：心淡然如水 链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/15de396b387a 来源：简书 著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
参考文档 https://www.jianshu.com/p/15de396b387a
