（ACP 2019 RSM）Development and application of observable response indicators for design of an effective ozone and fine-particle pollution control strategy in China

可参考的表达方式：

Designing effective control policies requires efficient quantification of the nonlinear response of air pollution to emissions. However, neither the current observable indicators nor the current indicators based on response surface modeling (RSM) can fulfill this requirement. 

 设计有效的控制政策需要有效量化空气污染对排放的非线性响应。然而，现有的可观测指标和基于响应面建模(response surface modeling, RSM)的指标都不能满足这一要求。

 

Strong correlations between RSM-based and traditional observable indicators suggested that a combination of ambient concentrations of certain chemical species can serve as an indicator to approximately quantify the response of O3 and PM2.5 to changes in precursor emissions.

基于响应量表的指标与传统可观测指标之间的强相关性，表明某些化学物质的环境浓度组合可以作为一种指标，用于近似量化臭氧和PM2.5对前体排放变化的响应。

 

The complexity of the chemical reactions and pathways associated with variations in meteorological conditions and precursor levels results in strong nonlinear responses of PM2.5 and O3 to their precursor emission changes.

与气象条件和前体水平变化相关的化学反应和途径的复杂性导致PM2.5和O3对其前体排放变化的强烈非线性响应。

 

Chemical species in the atmosphere are often highly correlated with one another.

大气中的化学物质往往彼此高度相关。

 

The EKMA plot can aid inference of control strategy effectiveness (e.g., NOx or VOC control) according to VOC-to-NOx ratios.

EKMA图可以根据VOC / NOx比值帮助推断控制策略的有效性(例如，NOx或VOC控制)。

 

In contrast to the observable indicators, the PR and FR are meaningful values that represent the exact transition point at which a chemistry regime converts to another regime.

与观察到的指标相比，PR和FR是有意义的值，它们代表了一个化学状态转化为另一个化学状态的准确过渡点。

 

However, this method is built on at least 20 CTM simulations; in other words, estimating the PR and FR requires considerable computing resources. As a result, RSM use remains limited despite recent improvements in RSM efficiency. 

然而，该方法是建立在至少20 CTM模拟；换句话说，估计PR和FR需要大量的计算资源。因此，尽管最近RSM的效率有所提高，但RSM的使用仍然有限。

 

based on the 90th percentile of a daily maximum of 8 h running average

以每日最大8小时的平均值的90分位数为基础

 

Notably, accurate quantification of the nonlinear responses of O3 and PM2.5 to their precursor emissions is critical and a prerequisite for effective mitigation of air pollution in China.

值得注意的是，准确量化O3和PM2.5对其前体排放的非线性响应是有效缓解中国空气污染的关键和前提。