qcow2镜像自定义设置

本文解决问题如下：

1. 设置root账号密码
2. 开启root账号ssh连接
3. 开启ssh语法高亮
4. 解决vi编辑界面不允许复制问题

一、准备工作

1、下载官网qcow2镜像文件

https://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/

2、使用openssl passwd -1 123456生成加密的密码：-1表示使用MD5算法对密码123456进行加密

123123是：$1$8/FWM9Ne$mlcU5.J1aGxHdZ.jSmSV00

[root@support01 ~]# openssl passwd -1 123456
$1$HDUWloxk$IZuLRX39Oa31T4YzCrCHL1

3、使用guestfish命令进入交互命令界面依次执行run、list-filesystems、mount等指令

guestfish --rw -a debian-10.2.0-openstack-amd64.qcow2

Welcome to guestfish, the guest filesystem shell for
editing virtual machine filesystems and disk images.

Type: \'help\' for help on commands
      \'man\' to read the manual
      \'quit\' to quit the shell

><fs> run
><fs> list-filesystems
/dev/sda1: ext4
><fs> mount /dev/sda1 /
><fs>

二、修改root账号密码

编辑/etc/shadow

><fs> vi /etc/shadow

root:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
sys:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
games:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
man:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
lp:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
mail:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
news:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
uucp:*:18216:0:99999:7:::
proxy:*:18216:0:99999:7:::

将root:后面的第一个*替换为第二步加密之后的密码

替换后第一行为/etc/shadow第一行为

root:$1$HDUWloxk$IZuLRX39Oa31T4YzCrCHL1:18216:0:99999:7:::

三、开启root账号ssh远程登录

编辑/etc/ssh/sshd_config，在vi中:set number开启行号

><fs> vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

第32行

#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password

释放掉注释，并修改值为yes，调整完之后第32行为

PermitRootLogin yes

第56行

#PasswordAuthentication yes

释放掉注释，调整完之后第56行为

PasswordAuthentication yes

五、开启ssh语法高亮以及内置命令别名

编辑/root/.bashrc，1、3、4、8、15行为说明注释，除此之外释放所有注释

><fs> vi /root/.bashrc

编辑之前内容为：

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.

# Note: PS1 and umask are already set in /etc/profile. You should not
# need this unless you want different defaults for root.
# PS1=\'${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\h:\w\$ \'
# umask 022

# You may uncomment the following lines if you want `ls\' to be colorized:
# export LS_OPTIONS=\'--color=auto\'
# eval "`dircolors`"
# alias ls=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS\'
# alias ll=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS -l\'
# alias l=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA\'
#
# Some more alias to avoid making mistakes:
# alias rm=\'rm -i\'
# alias cp=\'cp -i\'
# alias mv=\'mv -i\'

编辑之后内容为：

# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.

# Note: PS1 and umask are already set in /etc/profile. You should not
# need this unless you want different defaults for root.
PS1=\'${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\h:\w\$ \'
umask 022

# You may uncomment the following lines if you want `ls\' to be colorized:
export LS_OPTIONS=\'--color=auto\'
eval "`dircolors`"
alias ls=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS\'
alias ll=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS -l\'
alias l=\'ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA\'
#
# Some more alias to avoid making mistakes:
alias rm=\'rm -i\'
alias cp=\'cp -i\'
alias mv=\'mv -i\'

六、允许在vi窗口中复制文本

><fs> vi /usr/share/vim/vim81/defaults.vim

78、79、80三行内容为：

if has(\'mouse\')
  set mouse=a
endif

在“=”前面添加一个“-”，编辑后内容为：

if has(\'mouse\')
  set mouse-=a
endif

最后执行quit命令退出guestfish