ASP.NET CORE3.0 API Swagger+IdentityServer4授权验证

一、配置IdentityServer4服务端

这里介绍两种方法

①直接创建identityserver4的模板，在模板的基础上修改

②创建新项目，自己搭建

第一种

参考我的identityServer4学习，创建一个identityServer4模板后

修改config文件

public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new IdentityResource[]
            {
                new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
                new IdentityResources.Profile(),
            };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// API信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApis()
        {
            return new[]
            {
                new ApiResource("ProjectApiScope", "Demo API with Swagger")
            };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 客服端信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new[]
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientId = "projectClient",//客服端名称
                    ClientName = "Swagger UI for demo_api",//描述
                    AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.Implicit,//指定允许的授权类型（AuthorizationCode，Implicit，Hybrid，ResourceOwner，ClientCredentials的合法组合）。
                    AllowAccessTokensViaBrowser = true,//是否通过浏览器为此客户端传输访问令牌
                    RedirectUris =
                    {
                        "http://localhost:5001/swagger/oauth2-redirect.html"
                    },
                    AllowedScopes = { "ProjectApiScope" }//指定客户端请求的api作用域。 如果为空，则客户端无法访问
                },
            };
        }

打开Startup.cs文件配置，修改如下：

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
            //配置身份服务器与内存中的存储，密钥，客户端和资源
            services.AddIdentityServer()
                   .AddDeveloperSigningCredential()
                   .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApis())//添加api资源
                   .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())//添加客户端
                   .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())//添加对OpenID Connect的支持
                   .AddTestUsers(TestUsers.Users); //添加测试用户
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseRouting();
            //IdentityServe
            app.UseIdentityServer();
            //添加静态资源访问
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapDefaultControllerRoute();
            });
        }

第二种，直接干代码

首先创建一个新的ASP.NET Core项目。

这里选择空白项，新建空白项目

等待创建完成后，右键单击项目中的依赖项选择管理NuGet程序包，搜索IdentityServer4并安装

等待安装完成后，下载官方提供的UI文件，并拖放到项目中。（注意只需要复制文件夹就行）

修改启动端口为5000，启动访问：http://localhost:5000/，效果如下

二、配置ProjectAPI

新建ASP.NET CORE API项目，使用NuGet添加包：IdentityServer4.AccessTokenValidation、Swashbuckle.AspNetCore

在API中添加 AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter用于管理IdentityServer4认证处理，代码如下：

public class AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter: IOperationFilter
    {
        public void Apply(OpenApiOperation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
        {
            //获取是否添加登录特性
            //策略名称映射到范围
            var requiredScopes = context.MethodInfo
                .GetCustomAttributes(true)
                .OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>()
                .Select(attr => attr.Policy)
                .Distinct();

            if (requiredScopes.Any())
            {
                operation.Responses.Add("401", new OpenApiResponse { Description = "未经授权" });
                operation.Responses.Add("403", new OpenApiResponse { Description = "禁止访问" });

                var oAuthScheme = new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                {
                    Reference = new OpenApiReference { Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme, Id = "oauth2" }
                };

                operation.Security = new List<OpenApiSecurityRequirement>
                {
                    new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
                    {
                        [ oAuthScheme ] = requiredScopes.ToList()
                    }
                };
            }
        }
    }

修改API的Startup文件，修改如下：

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
            //用户校验
            services.AddAuthentication(IdentityServerAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
              .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
              {
                  options.Authority = "http://localhost:5000"; // IdentityServer服务器地址
                  options.ApiName = "demo_api"; // 用于针对进行身份验证的API资源的名称
                  options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false; // 指定是否为HTTPS
              });
            //添加Swagger.
            services.AddSwaggerGen(options =>
            {
                options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "Project API", Version = "v1" });
                //向生成的Swagger添加一个或多个“securityDefinitions”，用于API的登录校验
                options.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                {
                    Type = SecuritySchemeType.OAuth2,
                    Flows = new OpenApiOAuthFlows
                    {
                        Implicit = new OpenApiOAuthFlow
                        {
                            //授权地址
                            AuthorizationUrl = new Uri("http://localhost:5000/connect/authorize"),
                            Scopes = new Dictionary<string, string>
                            {
                                { "ProjectApiScope", "请选择授权API" },
                            }
                        }
                    }

                });

                options.OperationFilter<AuthorizeCheckOperationFilter>(); // 添加IdentityServer4认证过滤
            });
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseRouting();
            app.UseAuthorization();
            // Swagger JSON Doc
            app.UseSwagger();

            // Swagger UI
            app.UseSwaggerUI(options =>
            {
                options.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
                options.OAuthClientId("projectClient");//客服端名称
                options.OAuthAppName("Demo API - Swagger-演示"); // 描述
            });
            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }