原题链接：http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1501
一：原题内容
Problem Description
Given three strings, you are to determine whether the third string can be formed by combining the characters in the first two strings. The first two strings can be mixed arbitrarily, but each must stay in its original order.
For example, consider forming "tcraete" from "cat" and "tree":
String A: cat
String B: tree
String C: tcraete
As you can see, we can form the third string by alternating characters from the two strings. As a second example, consider forming "catrtee" from "cat" and "tree":
String A: cat
String B: tree
String C: catrtee
Finally, notice that it is impossible to form "cttaree" from "cat" and "tree".
For example, consider forming "tcraete" from "cat" and "tree":
String A: cat
String B: tree
String C: tcraete
As you can see, we can form the third string by alternating characters from the two strings. As a second example, consider forming "catrtee" from "cat" and "tree":
String A: cat
String B: tree
String C: catrtee
Finally, notice that it is impossible to form "cttaree" from "cat" and "tree".
Input
The first line of input contains a single positive integer from 1 through 1000. It represents the number of data sets to follow. The processing for each data set is identical. The data sets appear on the following lines, one data set per line.
For each data set, the line of input consists of three strings, separated by a single space. All strings are composed of upper and lower case letters only. The length of the third string is always the sum of the lengths of the first two strings. The first two strings will have lengths between 1 and 200 characters, inclusive.
For each data set, the line of input consists of three strings, separated by a single space. All strings are composed of upper and lower case letters only. The length of the third string is always the sum of the lengths of the first two strings. The first two strings will have lengths between 1 and 200 characters, inclusive.
Output
For each data set, print:
Data set n: yes
if the third string can be formed from the first two, or
Data set n: no
if it cannot. Of course n should be replaced by the data set number. See the sample output below for an example.
Data set n: yes
if the third string can be formed from the first two, or
Data set n: no
if it cannot. Of course n should be replaced by the data set number. See the sample output below for an example.
Sample Input
3 cat tree tcraete cat tree catrtee cat tree cttaree
Sample Output
Data set 1: yes Data set 2: yes Data set 3: no
二：分析理解
第三个字符串能否由前两个字符串依照原有顺序不变的原则交叉构成。
须要注意的是，visit数组元素值为1时。表示该位置已被訪问过，下次无需訪问。
三：AC代码
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
#define _CRT_SECURE_CPP_OVERLOAD_STANDARD_NAMES 1
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;
string str1, str2, str3;
int len1, len2, len3;
bool flag;//为真时，表示能够输出“yes”
int visit[201][201];//标记数组。默认都是0
void DFS(int i, int j, int k);
int main()
{
int N;
cin >> N;
for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++)
{
memset(visit, 0, sizeof(visit));
flag = false;
cin >> str1 >> str2 >> str3;
len1 = str1.length();
len2 = str2.length();
len3 = str3.length();
DFS(0, 0, 0);
if (flag)
cout << "Data set " << i << ": " << "yes\n";
else
cout << "Data set " << i << ": " << "no\n";
}
return 0;
}
void DFS(int i, int j, int k)
{
if (flag || visit[i][j])//假设为真或该点已被訪问过
return;
if (k == len3)//由于依据题意len1+len2=len3
{
flag = true;
return;
}
visit[i][j] = 1;
if (i < len1 && str1[i] == str3[k])
DFS(i + 1, j, k + 1);
if (j < len2 && str2[j] == str3[k])
DFS(i, j + 1, k + 1);
}
