[LeetCode] 843. Guess the Word 猜单词
This problem is an interactive problem new to the LeetCode platform.
We are given a word list of unique words, each word is 6 letters long, and one word in this list is chosen as secret.
You may call master.guess(word) to guess a word. The guessed word should have type string and must be from the original list with 6 lowercase letters.
This function returns an integer type, representing the number of exact matches (value and position) of your guess to the secret word. Also, if your guess is not in the given wordlist, it will return -1 instead.
For each test case, you have 10 guesses to guess the word. At the end of any number of calls, if you have made 10 or less calls to master.guess and at least one of these guesses was the secret, you pass the testcase.
Besides the example test case below, there will be 5 additional test cases, each with 100 words in the word list. The letters of each word in those testcases were chosen independently at random from 'a' to 'z', such that every word in the given word lists is unique.
Example 1: Input: secret = "acckzz", wordlist = ["acckzz","ccbazz","eiowzz","abcczz"] Explanation:master.guess("aaaaaa")returns -1, because"aaaaaa"is not in wordlist.master.guess("acckzz")returns 6, because"acckzz"is secret and has all 6 matches.master.guess("ccbazz")returns 3, because"ccbazz"has 3 matches.master.guess("eiowzz")returns 2, because"eiowzz"has 2 matches.master.guess("abcczz")returns 4, because"abcczz"has 4 matches. We made 5 calls to master.guess and one of them was the secret, so we pass the test case.
Note: Any solutions that attempt to circumvent the judge will result in disqualification.
这是一个Leetcode平台新型的交互式问题
给定一个不重复的词表，里面都是只有6个小写字母的单词。然后，系统会随机选定一个单词作为 "secret"
你可以调用系统提供的API master.guess(word) 来查询word 是否就是 "secret"。
这个API返回的参数是个整型，表示查询的匹配程度。
对于每个测试用例，你有10次查询机会。如果你能在10次以内的查询中找出 "secret" 则判定你通过用例。
任何绕过判定的做法都会被视为非法。
解法：Random Guess and Minimax Guess with Comparison
Java:
public void findSecretWord(String[] wordlist, Master master) {
for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 10 && x < 6; ++i) {
HashMap<String, Integer> count = new HashMap<>();
for (String w1 : wordlist)
for (String w2 : wordlist)
if (match(w1, w2) == 0)
count.put(w1, count.getOrDefault(w1 , 0) + 1);
Pair<String, Integer> minimax = new Pair<>("", 1000);
for (String w : wordlist)
if (count.getOrDefault(w, 0) < minimax.getValue())
minimax = new Pair<>(w, count.getOrDefault(w, 0));
x = master.guess(minimax.getKey());
List<String> wordlist2 = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String w : wordlist)
if (match(minimax.getKey(), w) == x)
wordlist2.add(w);
wordlist = wordlist2.toArray(new String[0]);
}
}
Python:
# Time: O(n^2)
# Space: O(n)
import collections
import itertools
class Solution(object):
def findSecretWord(self, wordlist, master):
"""
:type wordlist: List[Str]
:type master: Master
:rtype: None
"""
def solve(H, possible):
min_max_group, best_guess = possible, None
for guess in possible:
groups = [[] for _ in xrange(7)]
for j in possible:
if j != guess:
groups[H[guess][j]].append(j)
max_group = max(groups, key=len)
if len(max_group) < len(min_max_group):
min_max_group, best_guess = max_group, guess
return best_guess
H = [[sum(a == b for a, b in itertools.izip(wordlist[i], wordlist[j]))
for j in xrange(len(wordlist))]
for i in xrange(len(wordlist))]
possible = range(len(wordlist))
n = 0
while possible and n < 6:
guess = solve(H, possible)
n = master.guess(wordlist[guess])
possible = [j for j in possible if H[guess][j] == n]
Python:
# Space: O(n)
class Solution2(object):
def findSecretWord(self, wordlist, master):
"""
:type wordlist: List[Str]
:type master: Master
:rtype: None
"""
def solve(H, possible):
min_max_group, best_guess = possible, None
for guess in possible:
groups = [[] for _ in xrange(7)]
for j in possible:
if j != guess:
groups[H[guess][j]].append(j)
max_group = groups[0]
if len(max_group) < len(min_max_group):
min_max_group, best_guess = max_group, guess
return best_guess
H = [[sum(a == b for a, b in itertools.izip(wordlist[i], wordlist[j]))
for j in xrange(len(wordlist))]
for i in xrange(len(wordlist))]
possible = range(len(wordlist))
n = 0
while possible and n < 6:
guess = solve(H, possible)
n = master.guess(wordlist[guess])
possible = [j for j in possible if H[guess][j] == n]
Python:
def findSecretWord(self, wordlist, master):
n = 0
while n < 6:
count = collections.Counter(w1 for w1, w2 in itertools.permutations(wordlist, 2) if self.match(w1, w2) == 0)
guess = min(wordlist, key=lambda w: count[w])
n = master.guess(guess)
wordlist = [w for w in wordlist if self.match(w, guess) == n]
C++:
void findSecretWord(vector<string>& wordlist, Master& master) {
for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 10 && x < 6; ++i) {
unordered_map<string, int> count;
for (string w1 : wordlist)
for (string w2 : wordlist)
if (match(w1, w2) == 0)
count[w1]++;
pair<string, int> minimax = make_pair(wordlist[0], 1000);
for (string w : wordlist)
if (count[w] <= minimax.second)
minimax = make_pair(w, count[w]);
x = master.guess(minimax.first);
vector<string> wordlist2;
for (string w : wordlist)
if (match(minimax.first, w) == x)
wordlist2.push_back(w);
wordlist = wordlist2;
}
}
C++:
/**
6 / 6 test cases passed.
Status: Accepted
Runtime: 2 ms
*/
class Master {
public:
int guess(string word);
};
class Solution {
public:
int match(const string a, const string b){
int ans = 0;
for(int i = 0;i<a.length(); i++){
if(a[i] == b[i]) ++ans;
}
return ans;
}
void shrinkWordList(vector<string>& wordlits, const string guessWord, const int matches){
vector<string> tmp;
for(string word : wordlits){
int m = match(word, guessWord);
if(m == matches){
tmp.push_back(word);
}
}
wordlits = tmp;
}
void findSecretWord(vector<string>& wordlist, Master& master) {
string target = wordlist[random() % wordlist.size()];
int Count = 10;
while(Count--){
int matches = master.guess(target);
shrinkWordList(wordlist, target, matches);
target = wordlist[random() % wordlist.size()];
}
}
};
