SpringMVC快速入门
参考资料
博客园:平凡希
官方文档:https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/web.html#mvc
入门程序
入门准备
依赖-配置文件。
依赖
<dependencies> <!--jsp标签库--> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--日志管理--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--aop联盟--> <dependency> <groupId>aopalliance</groupId> <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </dependency> <!--核心--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--aspects--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--aop--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--tx事务--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--容器管理--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--context 好像跟扫描包有关系--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--表达式语言--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--spring web下的工具包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--spring mvc--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--测试包--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!--spring整合测试--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.2.8.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!--ServletAPI编译时期--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
创建Handler
Handler处理器,相当于Action或者Controller
package com.lifeibai.web.controller; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Author:Alan * * @Date: 2018-04-29 17:15:56 */ public class HelloWorldController extends AbstractController { protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest , HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse){ return new ModelAndView("index.jsp"); } }
配置文件
web.xml,配置DispatcherServlet
首先配置前端控制器(DispatcherServlet),这个是SpringMVC所有请求的入口
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>//这里的配置指向下面的文件 </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
配置spring-mvc.xml
这里需要配置一下,Handler和其对应的id。 这里的id就是Handler(Action)的访问路径。
Spring-mvc.xml。 这里的文件名称随便起,但是需要在web中配置引用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd"> <!--配置controller--> <bean id="/hi.action" class="com.lifeibai.web.controller.HelloWorldController"></bean> </beans>
注意:id的名称一定要带/,否则访问不了。 因为这里使用的是默认的处理器映射器
配置视图index.jsp
在webapp目录中创建一个index。Jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>$Title$</title> </head> <body> <h1>Hello,Spring-MVC!!!</h1> </body> </html>
访问
启动tomcat
打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/spring_mvc_demo001/hi.action