C++(Win 32) |
C# |
char** |
作为输入参数转为char[],通过Encoding类对这个string[]进行编码后得到的一个char[] |
作为输出参数转为byte[],通过Encoding类对这个byte[]进行解码,得到字符串 | |
C++ Dll接口: void CplusplusToCsharp(in char** AgentID, out char** AgentIP); C#中的声明: [DllImport("Example.dll")] public static extern void CplusplusToCsharp(char[] AgentID, byte[] AgentIP); C#中的调用: Encoding encode = Encoding.Default; byte[] tAgentID; byte[] tAgentIP; string[] AgentIP; tAgentID = new byte[100]; tAgentIP = new byte[100]; CplusplusToCsharp(encode.GetChars(tAgentID), tAgentIP); AgentIP[i] = encode.GetString(tAgentIP,i*Length,Length); | |
Handle |
IntPtr |
Hwnd |
IntPtr |
int* |
ref int |
int& |
ref int |
void* |
IntPtr |
unsigned char* |
ref byte |
BOOL |
bool |
DWORD |
int 或 uint(int 更常用一些) |
枚举类型 |
Win32: BOOL MessageBeep(UINT uType // 声音类型); 其中的声音类型为枚举类型中的某一值。 C#: 用户需要自己定义一个枚举类型: public enum BeepType { SimpleBeep = -1, IconAsterisk = 0x00000040, IconExclamation = 0x00000030, IconHand = 0x00000010, IconQuestion = 0x00000020, Ok = 0x00000000, } C#中导入该函数: [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool MessageBeep(BeepType beepType); C#中调用该函数: MessageBeep(BeepType.IconQuestion); |
结构类型 |
Win32: 使用结构指针作为参数的函数: BOOL GetSystemPowerStatus( LPSYSTEM_POWER_STATUS lpSystemPowerStatus ); Win32中该结构体的定义: typedef struct _SYSTEM_POWER_STATUS { BYTE ACLineStatus; BYTE BatteryFlag; BYTE BatteryLifePercent; BYTE Reserved1; DWORD BatteryLifeTime; DWORD BatteryFullLifeTime; } SYSTEM_POWER_STATUS, *LPSYSTEM_POWER_STATUS; C#: 用户自定义相应的结构体: struct SystemPowerStatus { byte ACLineStatus; byte batteryFlag; byte batteryLifePercent; byte reserved1; int batteryLifeTime; int batteryFullLifeTime; } C#中导入该函数: [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern bool GetSystemPowerStatus( ref SystemPowerStatus systemPowerStatus); C#中调用该函数: SystemPowerStatus sps; ….sps初始化赋值…… GetSystemPowerStatus(ref sps); |
字符串 |
对于字符串的处理分为以下几种情况: 1、 字符串常量指针的处理(LPCTSTR),也适应于字符串常量的处理,.net中的string类型是不可变的类型。 2、 字符串缓冲区的处理(char*),即对于变长字符串的处理,.net中StringBuilder可用作缓冲区 Win32: BOOL GetFile(LPCTSTR lpRootPathName); C#: 函数声明: [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] static extern bool GetFile ( [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string rootPathName); 函数调用: string pathname; GetFile(pathname); 备注: DllImport中的CharSet是为了说明自动地调用该函数相关的Ansi版本或者Unicode版本
变长字符串处理: C#: 函数声明: [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] public static extern int GetShortPathName( [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string path, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder shortPath, int shortPathLength); 函数调用: StringBuilder shortPath = new StringBuilder(80); int result = GetShortPathName( @"d:\test.jpg", shortPath, shortPath.Capacity); string s = shortPath.ToString(); |
struct |
具有内嵌字符数组的结构: Win32: typedef struct _TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION { LONG Bias; WCHAR StandardName[ 32 ]; SYSTEMTIME StandardDate; LONG StandardBias; WCHAR DaylightName[ 32 ]; SYSTEMTIME DaylightDate; LONG DaylightBias; } TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION, *PTIME_ZONE_INFORMATION; C#: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] struct TimeZoneInformation { public int bias; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string standardName; SystemTime standardDate; public int standardBias; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string daylightName; SystemTime daylightDate; public int daylightBias; } |
具有回调的函数 |
Win32: BOOL EnumDesktops( HWINSTA hwinsta, // 窗口实例的句柄 DESKTOPENUMPROC lpEnumFunc, // 回调函数 LPARAM lParam // 用于回调函数的值 ); 回调函数DESKTOPENUMPROC的声明: BOOL CALLBACK EnumDesktopProc( LPTSTR lpszDesktop, // 桌面名称 LPARAM lParam // 用户定义的值 ); C#: 将回调函数的声明转化为委托: delegate bool EnumDesktopProc( [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string desktopName, int lParam); 该函数在C#中的声明: [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] |
该表对C#中调用win32函数,以及c++编写的dll时参数及返回值的转换做了一个小的总结,如果想进一步了解这方面内容的话,可以参照msdn中“互操作封送处理”一节。
引自:http://blog.csdn.net/xiaochongchong1248/archive/2010/01/12/5181345.aspx
例子:
/// <summary>
/// 定义结构体
/// </summary>
public struct UUID2
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 37)]
public string szID;
}
/// <summary>
/// 声明非托管代码中的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="username">用户名</param>
/// <param name="uId">用户编号</param>
/// <returns>标志位 1-成功 0-没有此用户 -1-失败</returns>
[DllImport("Camnpr.dll", EntryPoint = "GetUserID", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern Int32 GetUserID(string username, ref UUID2 uId);
/// <summary>
/// 根据用户名获取用户编号
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void btnGetUserID_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string strPhoneNo = tbPhoneNO.Text.Trim();
UUID2 uId = new UUID2();
Int32 iReturn = GetUserID("camnpr", ref uId);
if (iReturn > 0)
{
tbUserID.Text = uId.szID;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show(iReturn.ToString());
}
}