struts
struts框架的配通:
创建Web Project,加入struts1.3能力.
在struts-config.xml中配置form方式:
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="testForm" type="form.TestForm"></form-bean>
</form-beans>
在struts-config.xml中配置action方式:
<action-mappings>
<!-- path:xx.do中的请求名 type:处理请求的类路径 -->
<!--attribute属性指代在页面中取的时候的名称由${sessionScope.testForm.userName}转变为${sessionScope.test.userName}-->
<action path="/test" type="action.TestAction" name="testForm" scope="session" attribute="test">
<forward name="success" path="/test/result.jsp"/>
<forward name="fail" path="" redirect="true"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
在struts-config.xml中配置<global-forwards>全局转发
<!-- 如果多个action同时向一个页面进行请求,可以把该中转发设置为全局转发,此时可以被多个action共享 -->
<!-- action的execute方法执行之后,返回的返回名称首先在局部转发中寻找,如果局部转发中没有该转发名称.则到全局转发中寻找 -->
<!-- 注意:如果出现局部转发和全局转发同名的现象,局部转发优先级高于全局转发 -->
<global-forwards>
<forward name="success" path="/test/result.jsp"/>
</global-forwards>
两种解决form数据遗留问题方式:
1:把<action>标签中把scope设置为request
2:为form类型覆盖reset方法,并且在该方法中重置所有的属性值
三种转码方式:
1:过滤器(SetCharacterEncodingFilter);
编写过滤器EncodingFilter.java
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter{
public void destroy() {}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request2 = (HttpServletRequest) request;
if("POST".equalsIgnoreCase(request2.getMethod())){
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}
}
在web.xml中配置过滤器:
<filter>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
2:覆盖掉ActionServlet中的doPost();
编写EncodingServlet类:
public class EncodingServlet extends ActionServlet{
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
super.doPost(request, response);
}
}
在web.xml中更改<servlet-class>path</servlet-class>的路径
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.EncodingServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
3:在form中覆盖reset方法:
public void reset(ActionMapping mapping, HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
struts文件上传注意:
1:页面部分:
文件上传要放入form中进行处理,method=post enctype=multipart/form-data
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>
2:Form部分:
注意:上传文件的数据类型为FormFile类型;
private FormFile theFile;
3:Action部分:
FormFile formFile = uploadForm.getTheFile();
取得被上传文件原始名称
String protoFileName = formFile.getFileName();
分析出上传文件路径名称
String newFileName = request.getRealPath("/upload")+File.separator+protoFileName;
取得文件的输入流
FileInputStream fis = (FileInputStream) formFile.getInputStream();
取得文件的输出流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(newFileName));
struts文件上传默认大小为250M,可以通过修改struts-config.xml中的controller标签来指定特定大小(controller标签位于message标签之上).
<controller maxFileSize="2097152"></controller>
如果上传文件过大.可以通过request的方式进行相应的处理:
//判断文件是否超出设置的最大值
if(request.getAttribute(MultipartRequestHandler.ATTRIBUTE_MAX_LENGTH_EXCEEDED) != null){
request.setAttribute("msg", "上传失败,文件过大");
return mapping.findForward("result");
}
//jsp页面获取msg消息通知:${requestScope.msg}
文件上传方法:
public void uploadFile(HttpServletRequest request , FormFile formFile){
//取得被上传文件原始名称
String protoFileName = formFile.getFileName();
//处理被上传的文件
String newFileName = request.getRealPath("/upload")+File.separator+protoFileName;
System.out.println("新文件路径名称: "+newFileName);
//处理文件写入过程
FileInputStream fis = null;
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
//输入流
fis = (FileInputStream) formFile.getInputStream();
//输出流
fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(newFileName));
byte[] buff = new byte[1024*1024];
int i = 0;
while((i=fis.read(buff))!= -1){
fos.write(buff, 0, i);
fos.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
try {
if(fis != null){
fis.close();
}
if(fos != null){
fos.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
struts文件下载注意:
(1)设置浏览器的返回数据类型
response.setContentType("application/octet/stream,charset=UTF-8");
(2)设置文件名和浏览器如何处置返回的文件(以附件方式下载还是浏览器一句自身的插件打开的方式)
以浏览器方式打开
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline;filename=moluo.jpg");
以附件方式打开
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=moluo.jpg");
如果定义文件名为中文.需要特殊处理
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(newFileName, "UTF-8"));
文件下载方法:
public void downloadFile(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String protoFileName,String newFileName){
//(1)设置浏览器的返回数据类型
response.setContentType("application/octet/stream,charset=UTF-8");
//(2)设置文件名和浏览器如何处置返回的文件(以附件方式下载还是浏览器一句自身的插件打开的方式)
//response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline;filename=moluo.jpg");//以浏览器方式打开
//response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=moluo.jpg");//以附件方式打开
try {
//如果定义文件名为中文.需要特殊处理
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(newFileName, "UTF-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
OutputStream os = null;
FileInputStream fis = null;
try {
os = response.getOutputStream();
fis = new FileInputStream(request.getRealPath("/upload")+File.separator+protoFileName);
byte[] buff = new byte[1024*1024];
int i = 0;
while((i = fis.read(buff)) != -1){
os.write(buff, 0, i);
os.flush();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
try {
if(os != null){
os.close();
}
if(fis != null){
fis.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
