C# window常用的文件操作

/// <summary>
/// 常用的文件操作辅助类FileUtil
/// </summary>
public class FileUtil
{
#region Stream、byte[] 和 文件之间的转换

/// <summary>
/// 将流读取到缓冲区中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stream">原始流</param>
public static byte[] StreamToBytes(Stream stream)
{
try
{
//创建缓冲区
byte[] buffer = new byte[stream.Length];

//读取流
stream.Read(buffer, 0, Convert.ToInt32(stream.Length));

//返回流
return buffer;
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
//关闭流
stream.Close();
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 将 byte[] 转成 Stream
/// </summary>
public static Stream BytesToStream(byte[] bytes)
{
Stream stream = new MemoryStream(bytes);
return stream;
}

/// <summary>
/// 将 Stream 写入文件
/// </summary>
public static void StreamToFile(Stream stream, string fileName)
{
// 把 Stream 转换成 byte[]
byte[] bytes = new byte[stream.Length];
stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
// 设置当前流的位置为流的开始
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
// 把 byte[] 写入文件
FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
BinaryWriter bw = new BinaryWriter(fs);
bw.Write(bytes);
bw.Close();
fs.Close();
}

/// <summary>
/// 从文件读取 Stream
/// </summary>
public static Stream FileToStream(string fileName)
{
// 打开文件
FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
// 读取文件的 byte[]
byte[] bytes = new byte[fileStream.Length];
fileStream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
fileStream.Close();
// 把 byte[] 转换成 Stream
Stream stream = new MemoryStream(bytes);
return stream;
}

/// <summary>
/// 将文件读取到缓冲区中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static byte[] FileToBytes(string filePath)
{
//获取文件的大小
int fileSize = GetFileSize(filePath);

//创建一个临时缓冲区
byte[] buffer = new byte[fileSize];

//创建一个文件流
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);
FileStream fs = fi.Open(FileMode.Open);

try
{
//将文件流读入缓冲区
fs.Read(buffer, 0, fileSize);

return buffer;
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
//关闭文件流
fs.Close();
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 将文件读取到字符串中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static string FileToString(string filePath)
{
return FileToString(filePath, Encoding.Default);
}

/// <summary>
/// 将文件读取到字符串中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="encoding">字符编码</param>
public static string FileToString(string filePath, Encoding encoding)
{
try
{
//创建流读取器
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(filePath, encoding))
{
//读取流
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
throw ex;
}

}

/// <summary>
/// 从嵌入资源中读取文件内容(e.g: xml).
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileWholeName">嵌入资源文件名，包括项目的命名空间.</param>
/// <returns>资源中的文件内容.</returns>
public static string ReadFileFromEmbedded(string fileWholeName)
{
string result = string.Empty;

using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(
Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream(fileWholeName)))
{
result = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
return result;
}

#endregion

#region 获取文件的编码类型

/// <summary>
/// 获取文件编码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件绝对路径</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Encoding GetEncoding(string filePath)
{
return GetEncoding(filePath, Encoding.Default);
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取文件编码
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="defaultEncoding">找不到则返回这个默认编码</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static Encoding GetEncoding(string filePath, Encoding defaultEncoding)
{
Encoding targetEncoding = defaultEncoding;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read, 4))
{
if (fs != null && fs.Length >= 2)
{
long pos = fs.Position;
fs.Position = 0;
int[] buffer = new int[4];
//long x = fs.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
//fs.Read(buffer,0,4);
buffer[0] = fs.ReadByte();
buffer[1] = fs.ReadByte();
buffer[2] = fs.ReadByte();
buffer[3] = fs.ReadByte();

fs.Position = pos;

if (buffer[0] == 0xFE && buffer[1] == 0xFF)//UnicodeBe
{
targetEncoding = Encoding.BigEndianUnicode;
}
if (buffer[0] == 0xFF && buffer[1] == 0xFE)//Unicode
{
targetEncoding = Encoding.Unicode;
}
if (buffer[0] == 0xEF && buffer[1] == 0xBB && buffer[2] == 0xBF)//UTF8
{
targetEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
}
}
}

return targetEncoding;
}

#endregion

#region 文件操作

#region 获取一个文件的长度
/// <summary>
/// 获取一个文件的长度,单位为Byte
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static int GetFileSize(string filePath)
{
//创建一个文件对象
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);

//获取文件的大小
return (int)fi.Length;
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取一个文件的长度,单位为KB
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的路径</param>
public static double GetFileSizeKB(string filePath)
{
//创建一个文件对象
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);

//获取文件的大小
return ConvertHelper.ToDouble(Convert.ToDouble(fi.Length) / 1024, 1);
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取一个文件的长度,单位为MB
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的路径</param>
public static double GetFileSizeMB(string filePath)
{
//创建一个文件对象
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);

//获取文件的大小
return ConvertHelper.ToDouble(Convert.ToDouble(fi.Length) / 1024 / 1024, 1);
}
#endregion

/// <summary>
/// 向文本文件中写入内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="content">写入的内容</param>
public static void WriteText(string filePath, string content)
{
//向文件写入内容
File.WriteAllText(filePath, content, Encoding.Default);
}

/// <summary>
/// 向文本文件的尾部追加内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="content">写入的内容</param>
public static void AppendText(string filePath, string content)
{
File.AppendAllText(filePath, content, Encoding.Default);
}

/// <summary>
/// 将源文件的内容复制到目标文件中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceFilePath">源文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="destFilePath">目标文件的绝对路径</param>
public static void Copy(string sourceFilePath, string destFilePath)
{
File.Copy(sourceFilePath, destFilePath, true);
}

/// <summary>
/// 将文件移动到指定目录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sourceFilePath">需要移动的源文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="descDirectoryPath">移动到的目录的绝对路径</param>
public static void Move(string sourceFilePath, string descDirectoryPath)
{
//获取源文件的名称
string sourceFileName = GetFileName(sourceFilePath);

if (Directory.Exists(descDirectoryPath))
{
//如果目标中存在同名文件,则删除
if (IsExistFile(descDirectoryPath + "\\" + sourceFileName))
{
DeleteFile(descDirectoryPath + "\\" + sourceFileName);
}
//将文件移动到指定目录
File.Move(sourceFilePath, descDirectoryPath + "\\" + sourceFileName);
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 检测指定文件是否存在,如果存在则返回true。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static bool IsExistFile(string filePath)
{
return File.Exists(filePath);
}

/// <summary>
/// 创建一个文件。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static void CreateFile(string filePath)
{
try
{
//如果文件不存在则创建该文件
if (!IsExistFile(filePath))
{
File.Create(filePath);
}
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 创建一个文件,并将字节流写入文件。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
/// <param name="buffer">二进制流数据</param>
public static void CreateFile(string filePath, byte[] buffer)
{
try
{
//如果文件不存在则创建该文件
if (!IsExistFile(filePath))
{
//创建文件
using (FileStream fs = File.Create(filePath))
{
//写入二进制流
fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

}
}
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 获取文本文件的行数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static int GetLineCount(string filePath)
{
//将文本文件的各行读到一个字符串数组中
string[] rows = File.ReadAllLines(filePath);

//返回行数
return rows.Length;
}

/// <summary>
/// 从文件的绝对路径中获取文件名( 包含扩展名 )
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static string GetFileName(string filePath)
{
//获取文件的名称
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);
return fi.Name;
}

/// <summary>
/// 从文件的绝对路径中获取文件名( 不包含扩展名 )
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static string GetFileNameNoExtension(string filePath)
{
//获取文件的名称
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);
return fi.Name.Substring(0, fi.Name.LastIndexOf('.'));
}

/// <summary>
/// 从文件的绝对路径中获取扩展名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static string GetExtension(string filePath)
{
//获取文件的名称
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(filePath);
return fi.Extension;
}

/// <summary>
/// 清空文件内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static void ClearFile(string filePath)
{
//删除文件
File.Delete(filePath);

//重新创建该文件
CreateFile(filePath);
}

/// <summary>
/// 删除指定文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">文件的绝对路径</param>
public static void DeleteFile(string filePath)
{
if (IsExistFile(filePath))
{
File.Delete(filePath);
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 文件是否存在或无权访问
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">相对路径或绝对路径</param>
/// <returns>如果是目录也返回false</returns>
public static bool FileIsExist(string path)
{
return File.Exists(path);
}

/// <summary>
/// 文件是否只读
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullpath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool FileIsReadOnly(string fullpath)
{
FileInfo file = new FileInfo(fullpath);
if ((file.Attributes & FileAttributes.ReadOnly) == FileAttributes.ReadOnly)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置文件是否只读
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullpath"></param>
/// <param name="flag">true表示只读，反之</param>
public static void SetFileReadonly(string fullpath, bool flag)
{
FileInfo file = new FileInfo(fullpath);

if (flag)
{
// 添加只读属性
file.Attributes |= FileAttributes.ReadOnly;
}
else
{
// 移除只读属性
file.Attributes &= ~FileAttributes.ReadOnly;
}
}

/// <summary>
/// 取文件名
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullpath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetFileName(string fullpath, bool removeExt)
{
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(fullpath);
string name = fi.Name;
if (removeExt)
{
name = name.Remove(name.IndexOf('.'));
}
return name;
}

/// <summary>
/// 取文件创建时间
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullpath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DateTime GetFileCreateTime(string fullpath)
{
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(fullpath);
return fi.CreationTime;
}

/// <summary>
/// 取文件最后存储时间
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fullpath"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DateTime GetLastWriteTime(string fullpath)
{
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(fullpath);
return fi.LastWriteTime;
}

/// <summary>
/// 创建一个零字节临时文件
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string CreateTempZeroByteFile()
{
return Path.GetTempFileName();
}

/// <summary>
/// 创建一个随机文件名，不创建文件本身
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetRandomFileName()
{
return Path.GetRandomFileName();
}

/// <summary>
/// 判断两个文件的哈希值是否一致
/// </summary>
/// <param name="fileName1"></param>
/// <param name="fileName2"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool CompareFilesHash(string fileName1, string fileName2)
{
using (HashAlgorithm hashAlg = HashAlgorithm.Create())
{
using (FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(fileName1, FileMode.Open), fs2 = new FileStream(fileName2, FileMode.Open))
{
byte[] hashBytes1 = hashAlg.ComputeHash(fs1);
byte[] hashBytes2 = hashAlg.ComputeHash(fs2);

// 比较哈希码
return (BitConverter.ToString(hashBytes1) == BitConverter.ToString(hashBytes2));
}
}
}

#endregion

#region XML文件操作
/// <summary>
/// 从XML文件转换为Object对象类型.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">XML文件路径</param>
/// <param name="type">Object对象类型</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object LoadObjectFromXml(string path, Type type)
{
object obj = null;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path))
{
string content = reader.ReadToEnd();
obj = XmlConvertor.XmlToObject(content, type);
}
return obj;
}

/// <summary>
/// 保存对象到特定格式的XML文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">XML文件路径.</param>
/// <param name="obj">待保存的对象</param>
public static void SaveObjectToXml(string path, object obj)
{
string xml = XmlConvertor.ObjectToXml(obj, true);
using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(path))
{
writer.Write(xml);
}
}
#endregion

}